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The paper is focused on studying how to convert rice husk and sawdust into liquid fuel. Rice husk, sawdust and their mixture were pyrolyzed at the temperature between 420℃ and 540℃, and the main product of liquid fuel was obtained. The experimental result showed that the yield of liquid fuel heavily depended on the kind of feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. In the experiments, the maximum liquid yields for rice husk, sawdust and their mixture were 56% at 465 ℃, 61% at 490℃ and 60% at 475℃ respectively. Analysis with GC-MS and other apparatus indicated that the liquid fuel is a complicated organic compound with low caloric value and can be directly used as fuel oil without any up-grading. As a crude oil, the liquid fuel can be refined to be vehicle oil. 相似文献
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IntroductionCadmium(Cd)isanon essentialtracemetalthathasadverseeffectsonplants,animalsandhumans.EnvironmentalcontaminationwithCdduetoanthropogenicactivities,suchasmining,industry,agricultureandwastedisposalhasbeenincreasingsincethebeginningofthe 2 0thcentury (Alloway,1995) .ResearchoncontrollingCdpollutionassociatedwithassessingandmanagingacuteinjurytohumanhealththroughoccupationalexposureanddisposalofCdfromindustrialpointsourcestolocalpopulationsthroughseveralpathwayshasmadeconsiderableadva… 相似文献
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海南省集约化种植园中谷物、蔬菜和水果中重金属累积程度及健康风险 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
集约化种植园中植物有害元素的累积会危及人类健康.本研究共采集海南省典型集约化种植园中谷物、蔬菜和水果样品673份.分析了7种重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd、As和Hg)的分布特征,并采用单因子指数和内梅罗指数进行污染物评价.同时,结合中国营养学会推荐的日常膳食摄入量,分析重金属的膳食暴露风险.结果表明,673件农作物的Cu、As和Hg含量均低于国家食品限量标准,Pb、Zn、Cr和Cd的超标率分别为2.67%、3.71%、2.53%和3.71%.6类农作物的重金属综合污染程度表现为:叶类蔬菜 > 薯类 > 非叶类蔬菜类 > 豆类 > 水果 > 谷类.其中,叶类蔬菜中Cr的风险系数(HQ)显著高于其它类型农作物,并且大于1,表明通过叶类蔬菜摄入重金属具有潜在健康风险.薯类、非叶菜蔬菜类、豆类、水果类和谷类农作物的危害指数(HI)较低,表明这几类农作物更适合集约化生产模式. 相似文献
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世界谷物产量与农业气候资源利用效率 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
世界谷物产量的农业气候资源利用效率有明显地区差异。谷物产量的综合气候资源利用效率以欧洲最高,为2.78,其后依次是北美洲1.43,大洋洲1.43,亚洲1.40,南美洲1.12,非洲最低,为0.61。相对光能利用率(%)从0.03(安哥拉)至0.76(荷兰),热量利用效率(kg/1℃·ha)从0.03至2.03(荷兰、瑞典),降水量利用效率(kg/·ha)从0.35(安哥拉)至8.71(荷兰)(表1-4)。光热、降水量与作物要求的条件配合较一致的地区,谷物转换效率高。干旱、半干旱地区水分容易发挥效率。世界农业气候资源谷物利用潜力很大。中国比高产国家利用效率低主要是单产利用效率低,应以提高单产的资源利用效率为重点。 相似文献