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1.
卤代酚类物质对抗氧化酶活性的影响研究及构效分析 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
选取 7种卤代酚类化合物 ,在对鲤科金鱼进行 4 8h急性毒性试验的基础上 ,同时主要研究受试化合物对金鱼肝脏细胞中超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH PX)活性的变化 ,并对急性毒性进行定量结构 活性相关 (QSAR)分析 .结果表明 ,半致死浓度的对数值与化合物分子的辛醇 水分配系数 (Kow)、最低空轨道能 (Elumo)有较好的相关性 .在实验浓度下 ,7种化合物对金鱼肝脏 3种抗氧化酶活性有显著影响 ,随着浓度的升高基本呈现先激活后抑制的趋势 ,因此金鱼肝脏中SOD、CAT和GSH PX的活性作为水生生物在水环境中受到污染胁迫的大分子水平的生物标志物具有一定可行性 相似文献
2.
氯酚类化合物对金鱼的急性和亚急性毒性研究 总被引:23,自引:4,他引:19
研究了2-氯酚、2,6-二氯酚,2,3,4-三氯酚、2,3,5,6-四氯酚、五氯酚5种氯酚类化合物对鲤科金鱼(Carassiasauratus)的急性毒性和这5种化合物在1/2LC50,1/4LC50,1/6LC50浓度下对金鱼肝脏中Na+-K+-ATP酶的影响变化。结果显示:①氯酚类化合物随氯原子数目在苯环上的增加,其急性毒性增加;②亚急性毒性指标Na+-K+-ATP酶对氯酚类化合物比较敏感,是一种较好的生物指示物。并讨论了氯酚类化合物对Na+-K+-ATP酶活性产生影响的机制。 相似文献
3.
乐果对金鱼的急性毒性影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用改进的寇氏法(karber)测定了乐果对金鱼(Carassius auratus)的急性毒性。急性试验经150mg/L、188.4mg/L、234.4mg/L、291.7mg/L、360mg/L乐果暴露4d,在15%~20%下,24、48、72、96h的L11m值分别为297.17、289.13、259.12、238.67mg/L,其95%置信限分别为284.25~310.67、275.17~303.81、243.33~275.93、223.98~254.33mg/L。 相似文献
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5.
Both pentachlorophenol and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) had been studied widely because of their probable anti-estrogenic activity. Sodium pentachlorophenol (PCP-Na), as a industrial product used in many fields, usually contains a trace of TCDD. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-estrogenic effect of PCP-Na in juvenile goldfish (Gurassius auratus) hepatocyte cultures using vitellogenin (VTG) as the biomarker. The ID50 of PCP-Na was investigated and then a series of concentrations (0.001 0.5 μg/ml) of PCP-Na were evaluated to estimate the anti-estrogenic activity. Results showed that PCP-Na was cytotoxic for hepatocytes even at very low concentration 〈1.21 μg/ml, and it could not induce VTG at any concentrations tested. Since it failed to stimulate VTG production, the possibility of its anti-estrogenic effect was tested, and a well-known anti-estrogenic compound-tamoxifen was used as positive control. PCP-Na caused a reduction in VTG synthesis in juvenile goldfish (Carassius auratus) hepatocytes at concentrations 〉0.1μg/ml when co-exposure with 1μg/ml 17β-estradiol (E2), making its anti-estrogenic activity approximately as potent as tamoxifen. Our results indicate that PCP-Na can act as negative modulators of estrogenic function in juvenile goldfish (Carassius auratus) hepatocytes. 相似文献
6.
污水处理厂尾水对金鱼生命早期生长和发育的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了污水处理厂尾水对金鱼(Carassias auratus)生命早期的影响.吸水膨胀后的金鱼受精卵分别暴露于一系列渐变的尾水浓度中30d后,金鱼孵化率和幼鱼存活率随着尾水浓度的升高而降低,而畸形率却随着尾水浓度的升高而增加.暴露于污水处理厂尾水(浓度≥20%)的幼鱼生长受到抑制,体长和体重显著下降(p0.05).所有设置浓度的污水处理厂尾水均诱导了幼鱼体内卵黄蛋白原(Vtg)的生成,但是剂量-效应关系不明显.20%的尾水对幼鱼体内Vtg合成的诱导效应最为明显,但是浓度高于20%的尾水暴露下,Vtg的诱导效应降低.经过一段时间清水恢复阶段后,鱼体重和体长显著增加,金鱼Vtg水平显著降低(p0.05).研究表明污水处理厂尾水的生命早期暴露存在导致鱼类雌性化的风险.金鱼早期生命阶段的敏感性,使其适用于评价水中内分泌干扰物的生态影响. 相似文献
7.
单甲脒农药对鱼脑胆碱酯酶活性的影响 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
金鱼,鲤鱼在实验室驯化4-7d,其脑胆碱酯酶活力在显著水平为P≤0.05时,不同组的金鱼,鲤鱼无显著差异。离体实验条件下,单甲脒农药对金鱼,鲤鱼的半抑制浓度分别为125.9mg.l^-1和25.7mg.l^-1。DMA农药对鲤鱼的作用大于对金鱼的作用。 相似文献
8.
“识得破”与“忍不过”,语出《醒世恒言》:悬令薛伟于昏昏梦中化为金色鲤鱼。一日,给逢渔夫垂钓,明知吞饵必被钓,怎奈饵香浓烈,金鱼犹豫再三,终于张口吞食,书中点评,此为“眼里识得破,肚里忍不过。” 相似文献
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YANG Yongbin LIU Zhengtao ZHENG Minghui ZHAO Yanyan WANG Liang SUN Wei XIAO Feng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2008,20(2):240-245
1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD was administrated to juvenile goldfish (Carassius auratus) by peritoneal injections to explore the acute lethality and endocrine effects of 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD in vivo. The value of acute median lethal dosage (LD50) of 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD was determined in acute lethality tests. The endocrine effect of 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD, whose exposed concentrations were determined based on the LD50 (1.84 mg/kg), was studied by measuring the plasma vitellogenin (Vtg) content in juvenile male goldfish with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Due to its significant induction of the plasma Vtg after one week's exposure in vivo in the 1/2 LD50 and LD30 groups, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD might be one of the important contributors to the estrogenic effect of PCDDs in the environment. The values of 1/2 LD50 and LD30 were within the range of the effective dosages of 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD, indicating that there was a certain relationship between the estrogenic effective dosages and the LD50. 相似文献
10.
卤代酚复合污染对鲤科金鱼的生化毒性效应研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨卤代酚复合污染对水生生物的联合毒性效应,探究较为可靠的检测方法,根据所选6种卤代酚化学结构的相似程度和48 h LC50值,将其分为3组二元混合物进行急性暴露实验, 毒性单位比为1∶1,每组分2个浓度级别观察金鱼生物学行为的变化,同时检测金鱼肝脏中3种抗氧化酶(SOD,CAT和GSH-Px)活性以及酶活性影响率的变化. 结果表明:3组卤代酚对金鱼肝脏中3种抗氧化酶的酶活性影响率变化均有显著性差异(P<0.01);3种抗氧化酶中仅SOD在1/2LC50剂量暴露组中均表现为明显升高的酶活性激活率或酶活性抑制率,提示SOD较适合作为卤代酚低浓度复合水污染情况监测的生物化学检测指标. 相似文献