全文获取类型
收费全文 | 652篇 |
免费 | 82篇 |
国内免费 | 256篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 52篇 |
废物处理 | 21篇 |
环保管理 | 98篇 |
综合类 | 483篇 |
基础理论 | 167篇 |
污染及防治 | 120篇 |
评价与监测 | 19篇 |
社会与环境 | 21篇 |
灾害及防治 | 9篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 24篇 |
2021年 | 28篇 |
2020年 | 36篇 |
2019年 | 49篇 |
2018年 | 36篇 |
2017年 | 24篇 |
2016年 | 41篇 |
2015年 | 27篇 |
2014年 | 39篇 |
2013年 | 103篇 |
2012年 | 66篇 |
2011年 | 76篇 |
2010年 | 50篇 |
2009年 | 65篇 |
2008年 | 46篇 |
2007年 | 50篇 |
2006年 | 48篇 |
2005年 | 25篇 |
2004年 | 26篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 17篇 |
2001年 | 14篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有990条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
不同低碳氮比废水中好氧颗粒污泥的长期运行稳定性 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
为了研究好氧颗粒污泥系统处理低碳氮比废水的长期运行稳定性,采用低碳氮比(C/N)条件下逐步增加碳氮负荷的进水方法,分别在反应器A和B中接种好氧颗粒污泥,考察其长期运行过程中的理化性质、处理性能及应对冲击负荷的稳定性.其中A反应器的碳氮比一直维持在2,而B则由4逐步降至2.结果表明,在4℃存储30d的好氧颗粒污泥,经过25d的培养,其活性基本恢复,A、B反应器化学需氧量(COD)和氨氮(NH4+-N)的去除效率均达到90%以上.在其后的稳定阶段,B反应器COD和NH4+-N去除率达到90%以上,实现了完全硝化;而A反应器COD去除率仅80%左右,虽然NH4+-N去除率最终也达到90%以上,但仅实现短程硝化.在冲击负荷阶段,A和B反应器COD去除率仍维持在80%以上,但是NH4+-N去除受到很大冲击.A反应器NH4+-N去除效率恶化,B反应器仅实现了部分硝化.整个运行过程,好氧颗粒污泥的物理性质受到的影响不大,A和B反应器的污泥容积指数(SVI30)分别维持在60 mL ·g-1和75 mL ·g-1左右,混合液悬浮固体(MLSS)在5g ·L-1和3.7g ·L-1左右.颗粒污泥微生物群落分析表明,B反应器相对于A反应器丰富度和多样性更高.同时B反应器具有更高丰度的Zoogloea属,在颗粒中能产生更多的胞外蛋白促使颗粒结构更稳定,保证系统的长期稳定运行.以上结果表明,与C/N为2的好氧颗粒污泥系统相比,C/N为4的系统脱碳硝化效果好,抗冲击负荷能力强,更有利于颗粒污泥的长期稳定运行. 相似文献
2.
对2017年9月~2018年8月深圳市北部大气PM2.5中水溶性有机物(WSOM)的质量浓度、质谱及来源结构进行测量和分析.结果表明:PM2.5的质量浓度为(32.3±18.4)μg/m3,WSOM的质量浓度为(9.4±5.7)μg/m3,占颗粒物总有机物的(77.6%±14.0%).质谱分析显示,WSOM的氧碳比(O/C)平均值达到(0.57±0.09),属于二次有机物的O/C值范围,且生物质燃烧排放的离子碎片C2H4O2+的丰度显著,说明WSOM的来源中有显著的生物质燃烧排放的有机气溶胶.为了明确WSOM的来源结构,利用正矩阵因子分解法(PMF)模型进行来源解析,发现3个合理因子:高氧化态有机气溶胶(MO-OOA),低氧化态有机气溶胶(LO-OOA)和生物质燃烧(BBOA),贡献比例分别为51.7%,31.8%和16.5%.MO-OOA和BBOA贡献浓度均呈现秋冬高、春夏低的季节变化特征,反向轨迹分析显示其与内陆污染传输关系密切.LO-OOA的变化相对稳定,本地源的贡献较大.结合14C同位素示踪法对秋冬季WSOM样品分析,发现机动车等化石源二次有机物是WSOM的主要来源,贡献比例达到53.9%,需继续加强对化石燃料控制来降低WSOM污染. 相似文献
3.
采用等体积分浸法制备Pt-Sn/Al2O3蜂窝催化剂(Pt含量仅为0.06wt%).运用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)等技术对催化剂理化性质进行表征,并选取4种代表性C6烃(苯、环己酮、环己烷和正己烷)对催化剂性能进行评价.活性评价试验中,Pt/Sn比为3/1催化效果最佳.此时4种C6烃转化率达到90%的温度(T90)较Pt催化剂均降低约20℃,其原因在于Sn可将Pt分割为较小的团簇提高Pt分散度.寿命评价试验以环己烷为例同Pt-Sn蜂窝催化剂连续运行720h,催化活性无明显变化,其原因在于,Sn可有效抑制其粒径增长;Pt3Sn合金降低表面对C6烃的吸附,减少催化剂表面积炭. 相似文献
4.
以铁基质生物载体为核心,将物理、生物和化学方法结合,对化粪池进行功能强化,实现黑水的原位深度处理.探究了溶解氧(DO)和碳氮比(C/N)等因素对黑水中污染物降解的影响,并在最佳运行参数下考察了氮素在系统中的转化机制.结果表明,当C/N为7.3~8.4时,好氧生物铁基质载体池DO为2.3~2.7mg/L时,系统氨氮(NH4+-N)、总氮(TN) 、COD和总磷(TP)的平均去除率分别可达90.74%、85.81%、92.65%和95.78%;当进水C/N降至3.3~4.2时,系统NH4+-N、TN、COD和TP的平均去除率仍可维持在81.16%、76.62%、93.87%和94.75%.铁基质生物载体内电解作用显著强化了化粪池内TN的脱除、COD的氧化和TP的固定.氮素转化机制分析表明,内电解与反硝化菌的耦合强化了反硝化作用,降低了反硝化过程对有机碳源的需求,强化了低C/N条件下TN、TP的脱除. 相似文献
5.
介绍了国内外农村环境质量监测的发展历程和现状,总结了现行农村环境质量监测体系在体制机制、技术体系、应用支撑和数据共享等方面存在的主要问题,分析了"十四五"期间农村环境质量监测面临的挑战和机遇,指出"十四五"是农村生态环境保护的关键期、攻坚期和窗口期。根据环境管理对农业农村工作的新要求,构建了包括村庄、区域和流域3个层次及涵盖空气、地表水、饮用水、土壤、生态、污染点源和面源等监测内容的"十四五"农村环境质量监测体系,并提出了相应的保障措施,以期为我国农村生态环境保护提供更有力的技术支撑。 相似文献
6.
A new procedure of determining optimal C/N (the rate of carbon source to nitrogen source) of mixed distillers' grains for combined bacteria synergic fermentation is established. At the same time an improved method evaluating bacteria growth, called method of dry cell weighing by filtering is developed. For each combination of C and N , their initial and residual contents before and after fermentation respectively are determined. Then followed the calculation of utilization of C and N sources by the compound bacteria. The optimal C/N is finally located from among the utilization of C and N of several combinations and the weight of produced mass of oven-dried thallus The conditions of fermentation are: inoculum size 10%, temperature 30.0℃, rotational speed 170 r/min, shake culture time 48h. The best results obtained from orthogonal experiments are: maximum mass of oven dried thallus is 14.693g in a liter liquid medium, maximum utilization rate of carbon source is 98.13% and maximum utilization rate of nitrogen is 78.14%. Optimal C/N is 5.1. 相似文献
7.
L. V. Mukhortova I. N. Bezkorovainaya 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2006,11(1):191-202
The evaluation of biospheric role of the boreal forests in the accumulation of carbon is connected with the evaluation of
organic matter (OM) pool in soils. The research sites were larch forests, they are situated on Nizhne-Tungusskoe Plateau.
Larch forests of feather-moss and lichen types (110 and 380 years old) were formed on 'ochric podbur' soils. Litter stocks
are 3.5–4.5 kg m− 2 with thickness 10–25 cm. Cryomezomorphic northern taiga soils contains 38–73 t (carbon) ha− 1. Pool of fast mineralized OM has average value 38.1 t (carbon) ha− 1, including 20.5 and 6.4 t (Carbon) ha− 1 of labile compounds on surface and in the soil, and 11.2 t (carbon) ha− 1 of mobile OM. Microbial mass reaches 1.78–3.47 t (carbon) ha− 1, its proportion is 3.6–4.9% of the total OM carbon. Zoomass of feather-moss larch forest is 0.20–0.61 * 10− 2, in lichen larch forest −0.01–0.07 * 10− 2 t (carbon) ha− 1. A pool of resistant to biological decomposition and bonded to mineral soil matrix OM is 17.7 t (carbon) ha− 1 and it varies from 18.6 to 29.0 in feather-moss larch forest, and from 6.4 to 17.0 t (carbon) ha− 1 in lichen larch forest. Two-years field experiment has been performed to determine transformation rates of various plant
litter fractions and to clarify the role of soil biota in these processes. The results showed participation of all biota groups
in the decomposition of plant residues caused weight loss of larch-needles and root mortmass. Isolation of organic matter
from all-size invertebrate groups leads to some decrease of decomposition activity. 相似文献
8.
介绍了回收磺酸盐生产工艺 ,对其装置的产品成本进行了测算 ,并对盈亏平衡及其敏感性进行了分析 ,进而确定了主要经济指标。 相似文献
9.
IntroductionTheuseofchemicals,includingpesticides,hasbecomeanintegralandeconomicallyessentialpartofmodernagriculture.Pesticide?.. 相似文献
10.
Bagasse, a biomass fuel, is the waste generated by the sugar-making process from sugar cane. Sugar making is one of the most
important agricultural-produce processing industries for developing countries in Southeast Asia, Latin America and Africa.
As sugar producing plants need electric power and process steam, co-generation using bagasse as an alternate fuel for petroleum
has been in use for some time. Thailand recently became one of the largest sugar exporters by enlarging plant capacities and
improving equipment, thus reducing its production cost. In addition, the Thai government promotes power generation using bagasse
as a means to combat global warming by raising the purchase price of the surplus power. The industry is in the process of
further raising the plant capacity, and improving the power-generating efficiency. This will enable a plant to generate more
electric power than its in-plant need so that the surplus power can be sold to the commercial grid. It also plans to become
a local power supplier during off-season of sugar making by adding a condensing turbine generator. A typical Thai sugar plant
of the latest design generates steam of 4Mpa at the bagasse boiler outlet with the temperature of 400°C at 84% boiler efficiency.
With the bagasse LHV of 7,540 kJ/kg and that of fuel oil 41, 840 kJ/kg, and taking 90%as oil-burning boiler efficiency, 5.95
kg of bagasse would replace 1 kg of oil. The Kyoto Mechanism defines CO2 generation by fuel oil as 2.65 kg per liter. Using 0.85for the specific gravity of fuel oil, the amount of CO2 generation will be 3.12 kg-CO2/kg. Therefore, CO2reduction per ton of bagasse in terms of fuel oil will be: 3.12/5.95 =0.524 kg-CO2/kg-bagasse. As 1 kg of bagasse generates 2 kg of steam, the CO2reduction of a 100t/h steam boiler will be112,660 ton/year for an annual operation of4,300 hours, as follows. 0.524 × 100/2
= 26.2 t-CO2/h, 26.2 × 4,300 =112,660 t-CO2/year.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献