一株产絮凝剂的黑曲霉的分离及培养条件优化

从活性污泥中筛选出一株产絮凝剂的霉菌,初步鉴定为黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger).其所产生的微生物絮凝剂对高岭土悬浊液具有良好的絮凝作用.通过培养条件优化,其所产生的微生物絮凝剂对高岭土悬浊液的絮凝率从85.6%提高到98.7%,实验结果表明,(1)黑曲霉孢子最佳接种量为9.33×108 个/L;(2)产絮凝剂适宜的碳源为蔗糖,氮源为尿素,用量分别为30.00、1.600 g/L;(3)最佳培养条件为:查氏液体培养基初始pH 7.0,培养温度30℃,摇床转速180 r/min,培养时间120 h;(4)在最佳培养条件下微生物絮凝剂的产量为1.805 g/L;(5)絮凝性能比较结果表明,微生物絮凝剂的絮凝性能优于传统絮凝剂.     

混凝絮凝法去除腐质酸的研究

进行了混凝絮凝法去除水中腐殖酸的研究，结果表明，同传统的絮凝剂相比，微生物絮凝剂不仅用量少，去除效果好(去除率可达60％)，而且不产生二次污染，可应用于废水特别是给水中腐殖酸的去除工艺中，对絮凝剂的絮凝机理进行了初步研究，研究表明，微生物絮凝剂去除腐殖酸主要是通过架桥完成的，不同于A12(SO4)3的电中和机理。     

一株产微生物絮凝剂菌株的筛选及特性

从活性污泥及土壤中筛选出一株产絮凝剂的霉菌－黑曲霉，该菌所产絮凝剂对高岭土的絮凝活性可达90％以上，黑曲霉的培养实验表明，其适宜生长的碳源为葡萄糖或蔗糖，氮源为豆芽汁或马铃薯汁；适宜的初始pH值为6.0；生长与分泌絮凝剂的合适温度范围为30－34℃；受培养温度的影响，絮凝效果最好的时间在50－60h。絮凝实验表明，用培养液处理高岭土悬浊液时有明显的絮凝效果，当废水pH左右时，絮凝效果最好。     

微生物絮凝剂的发酵培养和诱变研究

对粪产碱杆菌B-20进行发酵培养,观察菌株生长与絮凝剂积累、絮凝性、糖类物质消耗和氧浓度之间的关系,发现菌株的生长与絮凝剂的积累呈正相关,并且发酵培养过程中pH保持在7.2～7.9.通过热诱变获得能够稳定传代的B-2022突变菌株,比较了在不同pH、CaCl2添加量、菌液添加量以及不同温度条件下,其与原菌株B-20的发酵混合液的絮凝率差异,发现热诱变菌株B-2022具有更好的絮凝性能,尤其对pH的适应性较强,最优的絮凝条件为pH=9.0、100 mL高岭土悬浮液中1%(质量分数)CaCl2和发酵混合液添加量都为4 mL.进一步将热诱变菌株B-2022紫外诱变45 s,得到紫外诱变菌株B-2022c,其最佳絮凝率可达94.3%,比原菌株B-20和热诱变菌株B-2022的最佳絮凝率分别提高了2.4%和1.7%.通过化学法、紫外分光光度法和红外分光光度法测得絮凝剂的主要化学成分为糖类物质.     

微生物絮凝剂普鲁兰絮凝机理初探

通过试验研究了微生物絮凝剂普鲁兰对不同原水的絮凝效果,进而对其絮凝机理及应用条件进行了探讨.试验表明,普鲁兰与无机絮凝剂(特别是铝盐和铁盐)复配使用在水处理领域具有潜在的应用前景.     

微生物絮凝剂产生菌的培养条件

讨论了微生物絮凝剂产生培养条件,研究表明该菌最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适氮源为尿素,最适培养温度为30℃,最适pH值为8左右,试验还发现过量的通气量不利于絮凝剂的合成。     

Resource recovery treatment of waste sludge using a solubilizing reagent

The dewatering of waste sludge continues to be a major problem in wastewater treatment. In this study, the solubilization treatment of waste sludge and extracellular polymeric substances using a solubilizing reagent was examined experimentally. For this purpose, a compression test of thickened waste sludge obtained after solubilization treatment was carried out. The total solid content of the dewatered cake was over 30% when using hydrochloric acid or acetic acid as the solubilizing reagent; however, it was about 20% when using sodium hydroxide. The thickened waste sludge was effectively solubilized when the concentration of acetic acid in the sludge, assuming that it was diluted by free water and not bound water in the sludge, was greater than 0.3 kmol/m³. A flocculated sedimentation test using the supernatant water after solubilization treatment was also carried out, revealing that it functions in a similar manner to commercial flocculant in aggregating solid particles under gravity. This result indicates that the supernatant water can act as a bioflocculant. Methane fermentation of the supernatant water was subsequently carried out. The findings showed that by using acetic acid as a solubilizing reagent, solubilized organic substances in the supernatant water could be recovered as a bioenergy resource.     

微生物絮凝剂的絮凝机理及应用

简述了生物絮凝剂的特性、分类和发展趋势,并对微生物絮凝剂絮凝机理的研究及其在水处理中的应用作了重点介绍。     

Optimized production of a novel bioflocculant M-C11 by Klebsiella sp. and its application in sludge dewatering

The optimized production of a novel bioflocculant M-C11 produced by Klebsiella sp. and its application in sludge dewatering were investigated. The optimal medium carbon source,nitrogen source, metal ion, initial pH and culture temperature for the bioflocculant production were glucose, NaNO3, MgSO4, and pH 7.0 and 25°C, respectively. A compositional analysis indicated that the purified M-C11 consisted of 91.2% sugar, 4.6% protein and 3.9% nucleic acids（m/m）. A Fourier transform infrared spectrum confirmed the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl,methoxyl and amino groups. The microbial flocculant exhibited excellent pH and thermal stability in a kaolin suspension over a pH range of 4.0 to 8.0 and a temperature range of 20 to 60°C.The optimum bioflocculating activity was observed as 92.37% for 2.56 mL M-C11 and 0.37 g/L CaCl2 dosages using response surface methodology. The sludge resistance in filtration（SRF）decreased from 11.6 × 1012 to 4.7 × 1012m/kg, which indicated that the sludge dewaterability was remarkably enhanced by the bioflocculant conditioning. The sludge dewatering performance conditioned by M-C11 was more efficient than that of inorganic flocculating reagents,such as aluminum sulfate and polymeric aluminum chloride. The bioflocculant has advantages over traditional sludge conditioners due to its lower cost, benign biodegradability and negligible secondary pollution. In addition, the bioflocculant was favorably adapted to the specific sludge pH and salinity.     

新型生物絮凝剂的研究

本文对近两年来新型生物絮凝剂的研究报道进行了综述。这些新型生物絮凝剂的研究领域包括复合型生物絮凝剂的研制,微生物絮凝剂与其它絮凝剂的复配,微生物絮凝剂的生物学研究,以及微生物絮凝剂培养条件的优化等。并对今后生物絮凝刺的研发方向进行了展望。