Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs: (Ⅱ) Decolorization of dyes by laccase containing fermentation broth with or without self-immobilized mycelia

The capability of decolorization for commercial dyes by Coriolus versicolur fermentation broth containing laccase with or without immobilized mycelium was evaluated.With cell-free fermentation broth containing laccase,high decolorization ratio was achieved for acid orange 7,but not for the other dyes concerned.The immobilized mycelium was proved to be more efficient than the cell-free system.All the four dyestuffs studied were found being decolourized with certain extent by immobilized mycelium.The repeated-batch decolorization was carried out with satisfactory results.The experimental data showed that the continuous decolorization of wastewater from a printing and dyeing industry was possible by using self-immobilized C.Versicolor.     

Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs : (Ⅰ) Production of laccase by batch and repeated-batch processes

The production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor was studied.The effect of cultivation on laccase production by Coriolus versicolor was examined to obtain optimal medium and cultivation conditions.Both batch and repeated-batch processes were performed for laccase production.In repeated-batch fermentation with self-immobilized mycelia, total of 14 cycles were performed with laccase activity in the range between 3.4 and 14.8U/ml.     

花叶芦竹水平潜流人工湿地脱氮性能研究

采用花叶芦竹水平潜流人工湿地处理生活污水,对其脱氮性能进行研究。结果表明：在HRT＝5 d,对TOC,NH⁺₄-N,NO^-₂-N,NO^-₃-N和TN的去除效果分别达到92％、93％、84％、51％和88％,相应空白湿地的去除率分别为91％、85％、-232％、-203％和66％。大部分TOC在湿地的前端被去除。花叶芦竹可以直接吸收氮素,向湿地输送氧气,通过根系分泌物提供碳源。因此,花叶芦竹人工湿地具有很好的硝化反硝化能力,实现了良好的脱氮性能。     

间甲酚对杂色云芝(Coriolus versicolor)生长及产漆酶能力的影响

分别进行了间甲酚浓度为0mg·L-1,166 7mg·L-1和275mg·L-13种情况下的杂色云芝实罐发酵试验,定时测定了3种情况下菌丝干重(DC)、淀粉消耗、间甲酚降解和酶活性随时间的变化.在无间甲酚时,菌丝干重在188h达到最大值2600mg·L-1;在120h开始出现酶活,228h达到最大值82 15U·mL-1后,呈现一个稳定态势,不因衰亡期的到来而有较大幅度的变化.在加入166 7mg·L-1间甲酚时,菌丝干重在204h方达到最大值(995mg·L-1),且较无间甲酚时低得多(降低61 73%);在180h开始出现酶活,204h达到最大值(118 36U·L-1),并高出前者44 1%,此后也呈现一个稳定的态势.在加入间甲酚浓度为275mg·L-1时,菌丝干重在372h方达到最大值(320mg·L-1),但仅是无间甲酚的12 31%,间甲酚浓度为166 7mg·L-1时的32 16%;在264h开始出现酶活,396h达到最大值(112 8U·L-1),其酶活水平与间甲酚为166 7mg·L-1情况下的水平相当,这说明间甲酚可以诱导杂色云芝达到较高的产酶水平.研究发现在上述条件下杂色云芝生长的时间统计模型3种情况下的动力学模型可以用Logistic方程来模拟,即间甲酚的加入,并不改变其生长动力学模型;杂色云芝产漆酶的动力学模型在3种情况下可以分别用一级反应动力学方程描述;3种情况下,淀粉消耗均可以用Logistic模型来描述,从3个方     

Design of reaction conditions for the enhancement of microbial degradation of dyes in sequential cycles

The present study evaluated the potential of white-rot fungal strain Coriolus versicolor to decolorize five structurally di erent dyes in sequential batch reactors under optimized conditions. The experiments were run continuously for seven cycles of 8 d each. High decolorizing activity was observed even during the repeated reuse of the fungus, especially when the old medium was replaced with fresh medium after every cycle. Biodegradation was the dominating factor as the fungus was able to produce the enzyme laccase mainly, to mineralize synthetic dyes. The nutrients and composition of the medium played important roles in sustaining the decolorisation potential of the fungus. Corncob was found be an easy and cheap substitute for carbon source for the fungus. Glucose consumption by the fungus was in accordance to its decolorisation activity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction.     

杂色云芝漆酶和发酵液降解对苯二酚研究

测定和分析了杂色云芝漆酶和杂色云芝发酵液对对苯二酚的降解反应.通过对不同底物质量浓度下杂色云芝漆酶酶学反应动力学特征分析,求得漆酶Lac A对对苯二酚的酶反应动力学方程V=1.52Cs/(16.55 Cs)和底物抑制反应速率方程γs=1.02/(1 12.86/Cs Cs/137.17).发酵液对对苯二酚的降解反应进程符合一级反应动力学方程lnC=-kt 6,发酵液对对苯二酚的降解反应动力学基本符合Michelis-Menten酶学反应动力学方程Vf=1.77Cs/(3.63 Cs),研究表明Lac A与发酵液对对苯二酚的酶学反应动力学具有较大的相似性,也存在着底物抑制现象,其底物抑制的动力学方程为γs'=1.40/(1 5.75/Cs Cs/278.26).比较漆酶纯酶Lac A和发酵液对对苯二酚反应的Km和Vmax数值,发现杂色云芝发酵液Km较小而Vmax数值较大,说明发酵液较漆酶纯酶具有更高的底物亲和力和催化效率.     

杂色云芝漆酶对溴酚蓝的高效降解

以杂色云芝菌(Coriolus versicolor)发酵所产漆酶为催化剂,对溴酚蓝溶液进行脱色处理。探讨了反应温度、反应体系pH、反应时间、酶加入量、溴酚蓝质量浓度及金属离子和小分子介质的添加等因素对溴酚蓝溶液脱色率的影响。实验结果表明:在反应温度为40℃、反应体系pH为4.5、反应时间为240 min、酶加入量为60U/L、溴酚蓝质量浓度为40 mg/L的条件下,溴酚蓝溶液的脱色率达到94.5%;小分子物质2,2′-连氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻吡咯啉-6-磺酸)(ABTS)或金属离子的添加对溴酚蓝溶液的脱色效果没有明显的促进作用。     

Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs: (Ⅱ) Decolorization of dyes by laccase containing fermentation broth with or without self-immobilized mycelia

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＷａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｆｒｏｍｔｅｘｔｉｌｅｐｒｉｎｔｉｎｇａｎｄｄｙｅｉｎｇｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍａｉｎｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｉｎＥａｓｔｅｒｎＣｈｉｎａ,ｗｈｅｒｅｔｈｅｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ’ｓｍｏｓｔｔｅｘｔｉｌｅｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙａｒｅｓｔａｔｉｏｎｅｄ .Ｔｈｏｕｓａｎｄｓｋｉｎｄｓｏｆｄｙｅｓｗｉｔｈｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓａｒｅｂｅｉｎｇｃｏｎｓｕｍｅｄａｎｄｌａｒｇｅａｍｏｕｎｔｏｆｃｏｌｏｒｆｕｌｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｃｏｎｔａ…     

垃圾堆肥高效纤维素分解菌的筛选与培育技术

从堆肥、马粪、果园土、污泥等20个样品中，分离筛选出3株对滤纸分解旺盛的纤维素分解菌：C1、C2、C3，并外购康氏木霉、白腐菌、变色栓菌一起作为出发株，经紫外诱变处理后，在含葡萄糖的产酶培养基平板上筛选到能形成较大透明圈的突变株，并进行CMC酶活、微晶纤维素酶活及天然粗纤维分解能力测定。实验结果证明白腐菌经紫外线照射60s诱变而得的C16不仅透明圈大，CMC酶活高（60.08U/mL）是出发株的2倍，而且其对天然粗纤维分解能力强，10d分解率达35％。     

白腐菌漆酶催化聚合造纸废水中木素的研究

为了证实漆酶对从造纸厂二沉池出水提取出的木素的催化聚合作用,研究了白腐菌采绒革盖菌Coriolus versicolor漆酶对木素聚合的影响。在有氧条件下,通过添加漆酶和少量ABTS介体到水样中,用紫外分光光度计测定了其中木素浓度变化,利用凝胶色谱法分析了酶催化聚合木素前后的分子量的变化。结果表明:酶处理6h以后,废水中木素浓度从93.1mg/L下降到17.2mg/L。酶处理2h以后,从造纸厂污水分离的木素的分子量从31251上升到58610。造纸废水中木素及其衍生物被聚合后通过絮凝沉淀除去,从而实现废水色度与COD降低,进而为造纸废水回用提供可能。