Applying the precautionary principle to consumer household cleaning product development

Hazardous chemicals are pervasive in household disinfectant products. Many ingredients have established associations with acute and chronic human health conditions as well as with environmental damage. Although these associations are suggested but not proven, they are of great concern. This article describes the application of the precautionary principle to the selection of an anti-microbial active ingredient for a botanical disinfectant when significant uncertainty exists around the hazard and risk of traditional disinfectant active ingredients. We show that application of the precautionary principle does not stifle innovation and facilitates a responsible approach to product development.     

Investigation of biocatalytic potential of garbage enzyme and its influence on stabilization of industrial waste activated sludge

The decomposable waste thrown into the environment can be used to produce value added bio-product which in turn reduces the production of greenhouse gas. Garbage enzyme is one such value added product produced by fermentation of organic solid waste. In the present study enzyme activity and disinfectant potential of garbage enzyme was evaluated and its influence on reduction of total solids, suspended solids and pathogens in dairy waste activated sludge were studied. The result showed the garbage enzyme possesses protease, amylase and lipase activity and reduced 37.2% of total solids, 38.6% of suspended solids and 99% of pathogens in dairy waste activated sludge. This significant result may be helpful for researchers to compare the effectiveness of earth-friendly garbage enzyme treatment of industrial sludge with various physical and chemical pre-treatment methods to improve the biogas production from the sludge digestion unit.     

饮水消毒的变革——新型消毒剂二氧化氯取代液氯的前景

本文论述了传统饮水消毒剂液氯消毒引起的问题 ,即可产生致癌致畸变的三卤甲烷类化合物 ;介绍了新型消毒剂二氧化氯消毒的优点及取代氯的前景。     

水中氰化物测定方法的改进

水中氰化物含量分析是水环境的重要监测项目.水中氰化物测定实验过程中使用了氯胺T试剂,其作用为将氰化物转变为氯化氰,再与异烟酸-吡唑啉酮生成蓝色染料比色定量.针对实验过程中,氯胺T易分解而失去有效成分,不易保存,而影响实验结果.提出通过用84消毒液替代氯胺T进行实验,发现改进方法与原方法测定结果基本一致,无显著差异,保证了实验的精密度和准确度,而且保存时间比原方法更长.     

消毒剂中PHMB和PHMG的测定方法探讨

依据《胍类消毒剂卫生标准》(GB 26367—2010)聚六亚甲基双胍(PHMB)的曙红比色法,改用5 cm比色皿可使吸光度值变高,线性范围变宽,该方法亦可用于聚六亚甲基单胍(PHMG)的测定。紫外分光光度法适用于测定含PHMB的单方消毒剂;高效液相色谱法用于区别PHMB和PHMG,并能够排除其他组分的干扰。     

新型消毒剂二氧化氯的开发与应用

从保护饮用水的安全与卫生出发，介绍了替代液氯和其它氯制品的新型消毒剂——二氧化氯所具有的优点，特别是可有效抑制三卤代烷（ＴＨＭＳ）的产生；讨论了二氧化氯的最佳投放方式及ＣｌＯ－２和ＣｌＯ－３等有害副产物生成的机理和控制方法     

水中消毒副产物的监测方法研究进展

含氯、含氧等杀菌类消毒剂在饮用水生产、废水排放、再生水利用等环节应用广泛,会与水中的前驱物通过取代、氧化还原、水解、加成等反应形成种类繁多的消毒副产物(DBPs).DBPs的靶标监测基于已知DBPs的特性如挥发性、半挥发性、不挥发性等,采取相应的前处理和仪器分析方法;非靶标鉴别可对大量未知的DBPs进行筛查.综述了三卤...