Bipolar charged aerosol agglomeration and collection by a two-zone agglomerator

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Analysis of uncertainty consideration in environmental assessment: an empirical study of Canadian EA practice

Identifying and communicating uncertainty is core to effective environmental assessment (EA). This study evaluates the extent to which uncertainties are considered and addressed in Canadian EA practice. We reviewed the environmental protection plans, follow-up programs, and panel reports (where applicable) of 12 EAs between 1995 and 2012. The types of uncertainties and levels of disclosure varied greatly. When uncertainties were acknowledged, practitioners adopted five different approaches to address them. However, uncertainties were never discussed or addressed in depth. We found a lack of suitable terminology and consistency in how uncertainties are disclosed, reflecting the need for explicit guidance, and we present recommendations for improvement. Canadian Environmental Impact Statements are not as transparent with respect to uncertainties as they should be, and uncertainties in EA need to be better considered and communicated.     

线性规划方法在区域发展规划环境影响评价中的应用

文章介绍了区域产业规模最优化发展的线性规划模型,解释了模型的具体含义并给出了模型中各参数的确定依据和方法,并在某区域发展规划环境影响评价中进行了应用。通过该模型得出的最优方案与规划方案的对比,可以评价规划方案的环境合理性,同时也可为区域产业发展提出调整建议,实现区域经济效益和环境效益的统一,最终实现区域的可持续发展。     

线性规划法计算工业区大气承载力的探讨

分析了目前我国常用的模拟法、线性规划法和A-P值法三种大气承载力计算方法各自的缺点和局限性,探讨了线性规划法在工业园区规划环评大气承载力计算中的应用。以福建省某石化工业园区为实例,采用线性规划法计算了大气环境对SO2的承载力并用模拟法进行验证,计算结果10846t/a与模拟法结果13141t/a吻合性较好,表明线性规划法是计算区域大气承载力的科学可行的方法。     

A new index for assessing the contribution of energy efficiency in LEED 2009 certified green buildings to achieving UN sustainable development goals in Jordan

Jordan faces stringent energy challenges mainly in the form of import dependence and escalating demand. The building sector accounts for 58% of total national electricity consumption and therefore plays an important role in addressing these challenges. This article investigates how energy efficiency in green buildings certified by the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system contribute towards achieving United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Jordan. Furthermore, this paper proposes a new Comprehensive Contribution to Sustainable Development Index (CCSDI) to assess the contributions of implementation of the LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in the Energy and Atmosphere (EA) category to achieve UN SDGs in Jordan. Questionnaire surveys were conducted to obtain data. Relative Importance Index (RII) method was used to evaluate the contributions of LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in the EA category. Results indicate a positive relationship between the LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in category and UN SDGs 7?9 and 12?13. We conclude that our proposed CCSDI is a robust tool for assessing the contribution of energy efficiency in LEED 2009 certified green buildings towards achieving UN SDGs in Jordan.     

用于直升机蒙皮修复的EA9396和HT6119胶粘剂的环境适应性研究

目的 通过测试不同胶粘剂在不同温度及不同环境介质中的粘结强度,研究胶粘剂的环境适应性,为直升机复合材料胶接维修提供工艺参考和数据支撑。方法 选取HYSOLEA9396（美国汉高）和HUITIAN HT6119（中国回天）2种胶粘剂,测试其黏度、适用期、挥发性、玻璃化转变温度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和压缩强度等基本性能,并使用金属–金属胶接方式,在不同温度下和不同环境介质（普通大气、水、航空液压油、RP-3煤油、盐雾和湿热）中,测试其拉伸剪切性能。结果 随温度升高,2种胶粘剂的拉伸剪切性能均发生下降。在121℃前,HT6119胶粘剂的拉伸剪切性能优于EA9396胶粘剂;121℃（含）至149℃间EA9396胶粘剂拉伸剪切性能优于HT6119胶粘剂;当温度上升至177℃时,两者的性能相当。2种胶粘剂在不同环境介质均有较好的胶接性能,HT6119胶粘剂除了在航空液压油和盐雾条件下的拉伸剪切性能略低于EA9396胶粘剂外,其他环境条件下都优于EA9396胶粘剂。结论 EA9396和HT6119胶粘剂的拉伸剪切性能均随温度升高而下降,EA9396在中低温下的胶粘性能较好,HT6119在高温条件下胶粘...     

燃煤细颗粒物对血管内皮细胞EA.hy926的细胞毒性

以银川散煤为样品煤,在实验室采用固定源稀释通道采集燃煤PM2.5,超声波水浴提取燃煤PM2.5全颗粒悬液,对人脐静脉内皮细胞EA.hy926进行染毒,并采用MTS法检测燃煤PM2.5在不同染毒时间对EA.hy926细胞增殖的影响.结果表明,燃煤PM2.5悬液对EA.hy926细胞分别染毒6,12,24h均可抑制细胞增殖,且12,24h各剂量组和溶剂对照相比具有统计学意义;在相同染毒剂量组内,和6,12h相比,染毒24h对细胞存活率抑制更加明显,其差异具有统计学意义.可见,燃煤PM2.5可以抑制血管内皮细胞增殖且具有时间和剂量依赖性,血管内皮损伤是PM2.5致心血管毒性的可能机制之一.     

大气颗粒物中碳组分测定结果比较:元素分析和热光反射方法

采用元素分析(EA)和热光反射(TOR)2种方法对108个大气颗粒物样品(PM10和PM2.5)中的碳组分同步进行测定,分析2组测量结果的差别,并从原理上阐述2种方法的异同和优缺点.结果表明,EA法所得的ρ(TC)和ρ(OC)分别是TOR法测得的ρ(TC)和ρ(OC)的1.52和1.15倍.造成ρ(TC)结果相差很大的主要原因可能是2种方法的升温程序和控温时间不同,检测器不同;通过"归一化"讨论,从ρ(TC)和ρ(OC)测定结果上验证了EA法和TOR法在原理上的区别.为碳数据分析比较提供了一种思想,即通过TOR法测得的裂解碳(OP)在OC中的质量分数来校正EA法测得的ρ(OC);虽然EA法和TOR法对OC和EC的定量分析存在一定差别,但2种方法测出的ρ(OC)和ρ(EC)在季节分布规律上相同.     

Integrating Strategic Environmental Assessment with Industry Planning: A Case Study of the Pasquai-Porcupine Forest Management Plan,Saskatchewan, Canada

Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is gaining widespread recognition as a tool for integrating environmental considerations in policy, plan, and program development and decision-making. Notwithstanding the potential of SEA to improve higher-order decision processes, there has been very little attention given to integrating SEA with industry planning practices. As a result, the benefits of SEA have yet to be fully realized among industrial proponents. That said, SEA practice is ongoing, albeit informally and often under a different label, and is proving to be a valuable tool for industry planning and decision-making. Based on a case study of the Pasquai-Porcupine forest management plan in Saskatchewan, Canada, this paper illustrates how an integrated approach to SEA can contribute to industry environmental decision-making and can enhance the quality and deliverability of industry plans.     

燃煤PM2.5不同组分对血管内皮细胞的氧化损伤效应

为了解细颗粒物不同组分在心血管系统损伤中的毒性机制,以大同散煤为样品煤,提取燃煤PM2.5全颗粒物、无机组分及有机组分,分别对人脐静脉内皮细胞EA.hy926进行染毒,采用超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)及丙二醛(MDA)指标检测PM2.5不同组分对EA.hy926细胞氧化损伤程度的影响.结果表明,燃煤PM2.5各组分对EA.hy926细胞染毒24h后,随着染毒剂量的增加,细胞上清液中SOD活力均下降,与对照组相比差异显著,而相同剂量组比较,其抑制SOD活力能力依次为:有机组分>无机组分>全颗粒物,且相同剂量组不同组分间的比较均有统计学差异;GSH-Px活力均下降,具有剂量依赖性,引起GSH-Px活力下降程度基本具有无机组分>有机组分>全颗粒物的趋势,但统计学意义不显著;MDA含量分别有不同程度的增加,各组分所致的MDA含量大小存在低剂量组有机组分>全颗粒物>无机组分,高剂量组全颗粒物>无机组分>有机组分趋势,随着剂量增加,全颗粒物和无机组分引起MDA含量明显增加,而有机组分则变化趋于平缓.可见,燃煤PM2.5不同组分均对血管内皮细胞EA.hy926氧化损伤作用明显,SOD 、GSH-PX等抗氧化酶的活性降低.