水葫芦在水生态修复中的研究进展

水葫芦是水生态修复中研究最早和最深入的水生植物之一.在此,归纳了国内外近年来水葫芦在水生态修复中的3个主要研究方向:净化水体能力与净化机理、控制水葫芦疯长和资源化利用本葫芦.探讨了水葫芦净化系统在水体修复中的合理位置:天然水体的生态修复、水葫芦与污水处理工艺的组合、低浓度生活污水和雨水处理等.最后展望了水葫芦在水体生态修复中未来的研究方向.     

造纸废水高效生化处理情况

阐述了某大型造纸厂的废水处理工艺及运行情况。结果表明：生物酸化单元能够降低废水的ＣＯＤ、ＳＳ指标、提高废水的可生化性，还能通过较长的水力停留时间有效地调节水量与水质，从而保证了二级生物氧化的稳定与高效运行。在二极生化之后，增设水葫芦吸附墉ＣＯＤ、ＳＳ与色度、更好地保护了天然水本的环境质量，且为实现废水的深度处理与回用建立了良好的条件。     

Performance analysis of bioethanol (Water Hyacinth) on diesel engine

The increasing consumption and excessive extraction of conventional fuels is the matter of serious concern. Nowadays, world is looking for alternative sources of fuel which can partially replace conventional fuel dependence. The current investigation intends to provide evaluation of bio-ethanol preparation from Water Hyacinth (WH) and its influence on diesel engine performance under various operating conditions. This study explores the extraction of glucose from WH (Eichhornia crassipes) pretreated with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) for production of bio-ethanol. For the production of bio-ethanol different concentrations of H₂SO₄ acid hydrolysate (1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) were prepared which was then followed by fermentation with cellulose fermenting yeasts. From results, it was observed that 4% H₂SO₄ acid hydrolysis produces higher concentrations of ethanol than other concentrations. Bio-ethanol extracted from WH was blended with diesel in different proportions (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) v/v and performance and emissions were experimentally investigated on single cylinder diesel engine under various load conditions. Experimental results show that 5 BED [5% bio-ethanol (WH + 95%diesel v/v) and 10BED (10% bio-ethanol (WH + 90%diesel v/v)] produces higher brake power, brake thermal efficiency and brake mean effective pressure with improved exhaust emission profiles than any other blend.