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广州城市污泥中重金属的存在特征及其农用生态风险评价 总被引:23,自引:6,他引:17
分析了广州7种城市污泥中Zn、Cu、Pb、Cr、Mn、Ni的含量,研究了其中5种污泥中重金属的形态特征,并利用地累积指数(Igeo)和潜在生态危害指数法(RI)对污泥农用过程中重金属的潜在生态风险进行了综合性评价. 结果表明,广州不同来源城市污泥中Cu、Zn、Mn、Ni含量较高,变化幅度较大,而Pb、Cr含量较低. 除一种污泥中Cu超标外,其他重金属基本符合国家农用控制标准(GB18918-2002),但所有污泥中重金属含量都超过珠江三角洲耕地土壤均值.不同重金属在不同污泥中的形态分布差异较大. 其中,含工业污水污泥中Cu、Cr还原态占很大的比例,Pb、Fe主要以还原态和残渣态存在;生活污水污泥中重金属主要以可氧化态和残渣态存在,酸可交换态中Mn的比例较高,易还原态中Zn的比例较高;5种污泥中Cu、Zn、Mn潜在迁移性最强.Igeo和RI评价结果表明,污泥中Cu、Zn、Mn是潜在的强生态风险元素,污泥在农用过程中具有一定生态风险性. Igeo和RI用于污泥农用过程中重金属的生态风险评价是可行的,与其它评价方法相比较, RI能更好地反映污泥中重金属对生态环境的综合影响. 相似文献
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青岛北站规划区原场地表层土壤重金属污染研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
污染程度确定及健康风险评价是重金属污染场地修复的前提.调查了青岛北站规划区Cu、Cr、Pb、Cd、Zn、Ni这6种重金属含量,并对重金属含量进行相关性分析;以人为影响倍数来表征污染物超过背景值的程度,采用地质累积指数法以及内梅罗指数中嵌入Igeo综合指数的新方法对土壤污染状况进行评价;最后利用健康风险评价模型对重金属含量进行人体健康风险评价.结果表明,规划区土壤均有不同程度的重金属污染,6种重金属污染程度依次为:Cd>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cr>Zn,其中Cd达到了严重污染的程度,Cu、Ni次之,Cr、Pb、Zn污染轻微;各元素总体平均变异程度为Cd>Ni>Cr>Zn>Pb>Cu;研究区内土壤各重金属分布特征不尽相同,但总体上差异不大.土壤重金属非致癌风险大小为Cr>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cd>Zn,均小于风险阈值1;致癌风险Ni>Cd,均低于致癌风险阈值,各重金属污染不会对人体健康造成威胁. 相似文献
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采用原子吸收分光光度法、原子荧光法和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定了贾鲁河表层沉积物中6种重金属的含量,用灼烧法测定贾鲁河表层沉积物中有机质含量。运用地累积指数法对贾鲁河流域表层沉积物中重金属污染状况进行评价,并且通过主成分分析法研究贾鲁河重金属污染来源。结果表明:贾鲁河表层沉积物中As、Cu、Ni、Zn的含量比2004年淮河表层沉积物中相应重金属含量明显偏高。重金属污染程度为:As〉Cu〉Zn〉Pb〉Ni〉Cr。通过主成分分析进一步对重金属来源的确定,发现前2个主成分的贡献率分别为58.85%和19.74%,污染来源主要有两类,分别是工农业、生活排污的点源污染,自然变化对沉积物的影响,岩石风化与侵蚀过程和有机质降解矿化的内源污染。 相似文献
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太湖沉积物重金属污染生态风险的综合评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为研究太湖沉积物重金属污染的生态风险。在2012年2月采集太湖7个采样点的表层沉积物,分析测定重金属总量以及可交换态和碳酸盐结合态的金属含量,采用风险评价准则、潜在生态风险指数法对沉积物重金属污染进行生态风险评价。结果表明:太湖沉积物中重金属除竺山湾处于偏中度污染水平,其他各点均处于轻度污染状态。全湖Ni、Zn和Cu的可利用态比例较高。太湖沉积物重金属污染为低生态风险,竺山湾生态风险高于其他地区。Ni和Pb的生态风险高于其他金属。需对太湖竺山湾污染物排放进行控制,对全湖沉积物中Ni污染进行优先控制与去除。 相似文献
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Contamination indices and heavy metal concentrations in urban soil of Ibadan metropolis, southwestern Nigeria 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An assessment was conducted on soils of Ibadan metropolis using geochemical approach in order to establish the concentration
of heavy metals and develop geoaccumulation index maps. Petrographic studies and X-ray diffractograms showed that soils of
Ibadan were derived from the weathering of the bedrocks. The concentrations of Cu, Pb, and Zn were found to be greater in
soils more than the background. Positive correlation occurred between Cu, Pb, and Zn indicated a common anthropogenic source
in the soil while Mn, Cr, and Ni were found to be naturally enriched. The geoaccumulation index maps revealed significant
enrichment factor (Ef > 20) and index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) beyond class four (heavily contaminated) for Cu, Pb, and Zn
in densely populated and industrial areas, whereas Cd is enriched in sparsely populated areas, agricultural areas and a few
spots in densely populated areas. 相似文献
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Heavy metal concentration of the Great Kwa River estuary at the southeastern coast of Nigeria was assessed using an index of geochemical analysis (Igeo). Sampling from surface sediment was conducted quarterly for a period of one year, reflecting seasoning changes in the area. Igeo was calculated from the differences between actual current measurements and subtracted from background levels of “average shale” measurement. Based upon metals analyzed (Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Hg, and Cd), it was observed that there was a strong indication of potential ecological risk attributed to Cd, Zn, and Ni in the surface sediment. For effective control of pollution by metals in this fragile ecosystem, several recommendations were made including control of anthropogenic activities especially those of petroleum industry from offshore oil wells located in the area. 相似文献
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