Monitoring of Butter and Ghee (Clarified Butter Fat) for Pesticidal Contamination from Cotton Belt of Haryana, India

Butter (45) and ghee (55) samples were collected from rural and urban areas of cotton growing belt of Haryana and analysed for detecting the residues of organochlorine, synthetic pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides. The estimation was carried out by using multi residue analytical technique employing GC-ECD and GC-NPD systems equipped with capillary columns. Butter samples were comparatively more contaminated (97%) than ghee (94%), showing more contamination with organochlorine insecticides from urban samples. About 11% samples of butter showed endosulfan residues above MRL value and 2% samples had residues of synthetic pyrethroids and organophosphates each above their respective MRL values. In ghee, residues of HCH & DDT both and of endosulfan exceeded the MRL values in 5 and 20% samples, respectively. Among organophosphates, only chlorpyriphos was detected with 9% samples showing its residue above MRL value. Irrespective of contamination levels, residues above the MRL values were more in ghee. More extensive study covering other agricultural regions/zones of Haryana has been suggested to know the overall scenario of contamination of milk products.     

光离子化检测器便携式气相色谱仪快速测定空气中苯系物

本文研究了使用光离子化检测器便携式气相色谱仪，直接测定空气中ｍｇ／ｍ３级苯系物（苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻、间、对位的二甲苯及异丙苯）的快速分析方法。方法的线性范围为０～１００ｍｇ／ｍ３，相关系数均在０．９９９以上，方法的变异系数分别为２．９～１２．５％（５ｍｇ／ｍ３），３．４～７．９％（３０ｍｇ／ｍ３），方法最低检测限达０．２～１．０ｍｇ／ｍ３。     

螯合纤维的合成及其吸附重金属离子的研究

研究了含有胺肟基和胺腙基功能纤维的合成、结构表征和螯合性能。新型合纤维对多种重金属离子具有良好的吸附性能，能从被污染的水体和土壤中去除重金属离子，经洗脱后可回收金属，螯合纤维能反复使用。     

离子色谱法在石化工业废水分析中的应用

用IC-6离子色谱分析仪，研究石化工业废水中阴离子的测定技术，并首次建立炼油、化肥外排废水中F^-、Cl^-、NO2^-、PO4^3-、NO3^-、SO4^2-等阴离子含量测定的岗位。以含0．0054mol／L碳酸氢钠和0．0050mol／L碳酸钠为淋洗液，在电流70mA、流速1．5mL／min、泵压0～42MPa的条件下，测得各阴离子的相关系数均大于0．995、相对标准偏差（RSD）〈5．00％、加标回收率为95％～116％。     

毛细管气相色谱法分析1,3—丁二烯中炔烃杂质含量

介绍了一种毛细管毛相谱法测定１，３－丁烯中炔烃质含量的新试验方法，该方法以氮气为载气，采用氢火焰离子化检测器，样品经分离后，采用外标法定量，操作简便，准确。该方法还可用于１，３－丁二烯纯度分析 。     

电极流动分析仪的研制和应用

采用固定电极测试状态的方法，将流动技术引入到离子电极直接电位分析法中，设计并试制了电极流动分析仪。配用市售硝酸根电极、钠电极、氟电极、氯电极和氨电极进行了环境样品的测定。结果表明，电极流动分析仪法的分析速度比直接电位法提高２－３倍，变异系数，２．９％－５．０％之间，回收率在９０％－１０５％之间；直接电位法变异系数在２．３％－６．７％之间，加收率在９０％－１０９％之间。     

不同体系中黄河沉积物对Cd2+吸附能力的比较

以黄河包头段的沉积物为吸附剂,分别以Cd~(2 )单离子溶液体系和Pb~(2 )、Cu~(2 )、Zn~(2 )、Cd~(2 ) 4种离子的混合溶液体系为吸附质,开展了在不同体系中Cd~(2 )的吸附、形态转化及释放等的比较实验。结果表明,不同体系中,Cd~(2 )的吸附等温线类型、吸附量、pH突跃区域的差别均较大,但不同体系中Cd~(2 )被沉积物吸附后的形态转化趋势基本相同;多离子体系中Cd~(2 )被吸附后的释放百分率比对应时间的单离子体系大,且释放曲线的峰型亦不同。     

天然水体中有机物检测方法的选择与优化

本文选取并优化了一种准确、易行、适合于天然水样中微量有机物的分析技术.天然水样品中有机物通过混合大孔径吸附树脂XAD-2与XAD-7(4:1,V/V)富集并用二氯甲烷洗脱.所有富集的有机物样品中均加入衍生化试剂N,O-双(三甲基硅基)三氟乙酰胺(缩写为BSTFA)硅烷化,最后采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析.为了实验的简便,我们的样品为模拟水样(4L添加定量5β-胆烷(挪威Chiron公司)的去离子水).     

光离子化检测器便携式气相色谱仪快速测定水中苯系物

本文研究了使用光离子化检测器便携式气相色谱仪，在环境温度下手工摇荡的快速顶空法测定水中苯系物（苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻、间、对位的二甲苯及异丙苯）的分析方法。方法的线性范围为０～１８０μｇ／Ｌ，相关系数均在０．９９６以上，方法的变异系数分别为１．０～１４％（１０μｇ／Ｌ），２．９～７．８％（３０μｇ／Ｌ），方法的最低检测限达０．５～１．５μｇ／Ｌ。     

Effects of particle thermal characteristics on flame microstructures during dust explosions of three long-chain monobasic alcohols in a half-closed chamber

To reveal clearly the effects of particle thermal characteristics on flame microstructures during organic dust explosions, three long-chain monobasic alcohols, solid at room temperature and similar in physical-chemical properties, were chosen to conduct experiments in a half-closed chamber. In the experiments, the dust materials were dispersed into the chamber by air to form dust clouds and the hybrids were ignited by an electrical spark. A high-speed optical schlieren system was used to record the flame propagation behaviors. A fine thermocouple and an ion current probe were respectively used to measure the flame temperature profile and the reaction behaviors of the combustion zone. Based on the experimental results, combustion behaviors and flame microstructures in dust clouds with different thermal characteristics were analyzed in detail. As a result, it was found that the dust flame surfaces were completely covered by cellular structures that significantly increased the flame frontal areas. Flame propagated more quickly and the number of the cellular cells increased as increasing the volatility of the particles. On the contrary, maximum temperature and the thickness of the preheated zone decreased as increasing the volatility of the particles. According to the ion current profile, the particles in the preheat zone were pyrolyzed to intermediate radicals and the radicals' fraction in the higher volatile dust flame was higher than that in the lower volatile dust flame.