Recent advances in catalytic decomposition of ozone

Ozone (O₃), as a harmful air pollutant, has been of wide concern. Safe, efficient, and economical O₃ removal methods urgently need to be developed. Catalytic decomposition is the most promising method for O₃ removal, especially at room temperature or even subzero temperatures. Great efforts have been made to develop high-efficiency catalysts for O₃ decomposition that can operate at low temperatures, high space velocity and high humidity. First, this review describes the general reaction mechanism of O₃ decomposition on noble metal and transition metal oxide catalysts. Then, progress on the O₃ decomposition performance of various catalysts in the past 30 years is summarized in detail. The main focus is the O₃ decomposition performance of manganese oxides, which are divided into supported manganese oxides and non-supported manganese oxides. Methods to improve the activity, stability, and humidity resistance of manganese oxide catalysts for O₃ decomposition are also summarized. The deactivation mechanisms of manganese oxides under dry and humid conditions are discussed. The O₃ decomposition performance of monolithic catalysts is also summarized from the perspective of industrial applications. Finally, the future development directions and prospects of O₃ catalytic decomposition technology are put forward.     

旋流雾化水雾膜提高文丘里水膜除尘效率的实验研究

应用低压旋流雾化水喷嘴 (不同运行压力和组合方式 )实验研究了旋流雾化水雾膜对除尘效率的影响。研究结果表明 :喉部喷嘴布置及运行情况直接影响喉部水雾均匀度和除尘效率 ;采用两两相向的低压旋流雾化水喷嘴组合布置 ,保证喷嘴入口水压力为 0 2～ 0 4MPa ,液气比为 0 1～ 0 2L/m3 时 ,除尘效率将大大提高 ,且有节水节能和脱硫效果。     

移动通信基站电磁辐射污染分析及对策

移动通信基站发射天线产生的电磁波对环境造成电磁辐射污染，通过对沈阳移动通信公司部分基站产生的电磁辐射强度的测试，摸清了污染特点及规律，为今后环境管理规范化提供重要依据．     

移动通信基站的环境电磁辐射测量与分析

选择设于上海市区及郊区的５座典型移动通信基站，对其一半电磁波辐射强度进行了规范布点监测经数据计算分析及与国家有关电磁辐射防标准比较认为，移动基站周围环境中是磁辐射强度随着离基站天线距离增加大而减少小，在人群可能到达的距天线最近的地方，辐射水平最大值为１．５Ｖ／ｍ，未超过国家标准限值。     

锅炉烟气脱硫技术发展综述

在调查研究的基础上，论述国内外烟道气脱硫技术的发展与前景，提出开发生产适合我国国情的烟气脱硫技术势在必行。还简要介绍了最为普遍的石灰／石灰石法脱硫基本原理。     

医用射线装置对环境辐射水平的影响

调查了上海市7家医院50余台x、γ射线装置,监测了工作环境和公众环境的辐射水平,并根据辐射防护规定进行评价。调查发现,由于少数设备老化,或防护门窗安装不当等,造成了环境剂量的增加。     

LCD产业的紫外光技术应用与辐射防护

在液晶显示器 (LCD)生产过程中 ,广泛地应用着紫外光技术。紫外光曝光 ,紫外光固化 ,紫外光清洗等都是十分重要的工艺技术 ,紫外光取向工艺正被受到越来越多地研究。紫外光对液晶材料有分解破坏作用 ,紫外光对人的眼睛和皮肤有伤害作用 ,这些应该提醒人们注意 ,并在液晶行业采取相应的防护措施     

Environmental aftermath of the radiation accident at Tomsk-7

An analysis is presented of the environmental effects of the most serious radiation accident recorded after Chernobyl, which occurred in the formerly secret town of Tomsk-7 in Siberia, Russia, on 6, April 1993. Fortunately, it appears not to have become a major industrial crisis or disaster. The causes of the accident are described. It is argued that a mixture of both objective and subjective prerequisites, including specific human, organizational, and technological factors, were responsible for the explosion or directly facilitated it. The Tomsk-7 accident's ecological, medical, social, and psychological consequences are discussed.     

The 'who' and 'what' of training far disaster relief

This paper defines the various levels within government, the voluntary agencies and the community which might benefit from training and makes suggestions as to where the emphasis should be placed. It points out that training programmes should be designed to meet the expressed needs of a particular group of trainees as well as be related to the current or potential disaster situation.     

Counter-disaster training in developing countries

This paper discusses both the need for training within a wider context of community disaster preparedness and the major alternatives in methods of training. Emphasis is placed on the importance of compatibility between the resources within a given country and appropriate training programmes.