Modeling military trampling effects on glacial soils in the humid continental climate of southern New York

The purpose of this research is to create a baseline model of soil compaction response to trampling and a methodology to model the effects of trampling on soil. Although trampling studies have been conducted in the past, the analysis of military training in part provides a different perspective and approach. The data showed bulk densities remained relatively constant for a time and then began to increase at an increasing rate for several hundred passes and finally leveled and remained at or below 1.30 g/cm3 through the remainder of the experiment. Mathematical models were created based on empirical data from a trampling experiment using a more standard logistical growth curve as well as curves based on Weibull and gamma cumulative distribution functions (CDFs). The experiment and the resulting models give quantifiable continuous inference on the effects of trampling, as opposed to the existing qualitative assessments. These baseline models will be the foundation for future studies of land management when trampling occurs.     

山东省城市缺水模糊评价及对策

分析了山东省水资源特点,利用模糊数学中的多因子综合评判方法,采用Windows XP平台下Visual Basic6.0建立了水资源紧缺程度评价系统,综合评价了山东省17个地级城市的水资源紧缺程度及其原因,并提出了解决对策。结果表明17个地级城市都存在不同程度的缺水现象,而水污染是导致17个城市水资源短缺的主要因素之一。2000年到2005年属于严重缺水的城市数量由6个增加到12个,水资源短缺的形势呈逐年加剧趋势。