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Jie Liu Junjun Ma Weizhang Zhong Jianrui Niu Zaixing Li Xiaoju Wang Ge Shen Chun Liu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(4):51
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Pilot scale experiments with forced aeration were conducted to estimate effects of aeration rates on the performance of composting penicillin mycelial dreg using sewage sludge as inoculation. Three aeration rates of 0.15, 0.50 and 0.90 L/(min·kg) organic matter(OM) were examined. The principal physicochemical parameters were monitored during the 32 day composting period. Results showed that the higher aeration rate of 0.90 L/(min·kg) did not corresponded to a longer thermophilic duration and higher rates of OM degradation;but the lower aeration rate of 0.15 L/(min·kg) did induce an accumulation of NH+4-N contents due to the inhibition of nitrification. On the other hand, aeration rate has little effect on degradation of penicillin. The results show that the longest phase of thermophilic temperatures ≥ 55°C, the maximum NO-3-N content and seed germination, and the minimum C/N ratio were obtained with 0.50 L/(min·kg) OM. Therefore, aeration rates of0.50 L/(min·kg) OM can be recommended for composting penicillin mycelial dreg. 相似文献
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青霉素菌渣资源化为饲料原料的营养价值研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨青霉素菌渣资源化为饲料原料潜在的营养价值,本研究以抗生素制药厂发酵剩余培养基(即青霉素菌渣)为研究对象,利用元素分析仪、电感耦合等离子发射光谱对菌渣中的非金属元素、金属元素进行了测定,并利用氨基酸分析仪、凯氏定氮法、DNS法、索氏提取法对其基本营养物质氨基酸、粗蛋白、总糖及脂肪含量进行了简单分析。结果表明:C、N、S、H 4种非金属元素含量较高,其中,动物体有机体常量元素C含量最高,质量分数为34.52%。相对而言,金属元素含量较低,其中K、Na等常量元素含量较高,4种重金属污染物Cd、Cr、Hg、Pb含量与相关国家饲料安全标准对照而得,均低于下限水平。此外,以蛋白质、脂肪和总糖含量为考察指标评价了青霉素菌渣的营养特性,并进一步分析了更有利于动物吸收利用的小分子氨基酸含量。结果表明:青霉素菌渣具有较高的潜在营养特性,粗蛋白、粗脂肪和总糖含量均较高,分别为568.767、82.919、320.51 mg/g,同时各种为生命体生长所需的氨基酸含量较丰富,其中苯丙氨酸、蛋氨酸含量最高。 相似文献
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从哈尔滨制药总厂的青霉素发酵药渣中富集筛选出6株青霉素耐受菌株,经驯化后,采用高效液相色谱法检验其对青霉素的降解效率,经比较得到一株青霉素高效降解菌株,编号为JZ6。青霉素浓度300 mg/L,30℃,p H6.7,121 r/min条件下恒温震荡培养24 h后,在青霉素做唯一碳源情况下,青霉素几乎不被降解,外加碳氮源后降解率可达到99.98%。对其进行电镜扫描和16SrDNA序列分析,鉴定其属于洋葱伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia cenocepacia),16SrDNA序列长度为1451bp,在Gen Bank登录号为KF826288。 相似文献
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青霉素G钾在蔬菜地土壤中的降解动力学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为确定青霉素G钾(penicillin G potassium,PG)在土壤中的半衰期和降解动力学,选择灭菌与未灭菌、施肥与未施肥蔬菜地土壤作为基质,研究了PG在不同基质中的降解曲线,并拟合了降解动力学方程。结果表明,PG在蔬菜地土壤中的半衰期为1.61~1.67 d,最终降解率均达到99.7%以上,但PG不会完全降解,仍会以较低的水平(21~73μg·kg-1)在土壤中长期存在。降解动力学方程拟合结果表明,PG的初始浓度会对降解速率产生影响,初始浓度越高,降解速率越快。在灭菌与未灭菌土壤中降解曲线显示其降解过程受生物和非生物作用共同影响,但添加有机肥的降解过程和未添加组没有显著差异。由于PG在土壤中不能被完全降解,从而增加了诱导抗性基因产生及转移的风险。 相似文献
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Differential fate of erythromycin and beta-lactam resistance genes from swine lagoon waste under different aquatic conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Charles W. Knapp Wen Zhang David W. Graham 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(5):1506-1512
The attenuation and fate of erythromycin-resistance-methylase (erm) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamse (bla) genes were quantified over time in aquatic systems by adding 20-L swine waste to 11,300-L outdoor mesocosms that simulated receiving water conditions below intensive agricultural operations. The units were prepared with two different light-exposure scenarios and included artificial substrates to assess gene movement into biofilms. Of eleven genes tested, only erm(B), erm(F), blaSHV and blaTEM were found in sufficient quantity for monitoring. The genes disappeared rapidly from the water column and first-order water-column disappearance coefficients were calculated. However, detected gene levels became elevated in the biofilms within 2 days, but then disappeared over time. Differences were observed between sunlight and dark treatments and among individual genes, suggesting that ecological and gene-specific factors play roles in the fate of these genes after release into the environment. Ultimately, this information will aid in generating better predictive models for gene fate. 相似文献
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先后采用盐酸羟胺和紫外光辐射,对绳状青霉(Penicillium funiculosum)进行诱变,并用红外光谱分析了诱变绳状青霉细胞表面官能团的变化,采用静态吸附试验研究了铀溶液的pH、温度、初始铀浓度、吸附时间、菌体投加量等因素对其吸附铀的影响.通过对动力学模型、等温吸附模型和热力学方程进行拟合,研究了诱变绳状青霉吸附铀的行为.采用扫描电镜、能谱仪和红外光谱仪分析了吸附前后诱变绳状青霉细胞表面的形貌、化学组成和官能团结构的变化,进而探讨了吸附过程可能涉及的反应机理.结果表明,诱变绳状青霉在pH=6时吸附铀的效果最好,8h即达到吸附平衡,最大吸附量为200mg·g-1,对铀的吸附为细胞表面的缔合—OH、—CHO、不饱和键、—NH2、—PO43-等与铀的配位络合反应. 相似文献
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