脉冲电晕等离子体脱硫脱氮与除尘技术

脉冲电晕放电是产生等离子体的方法之一，目前已达到工业性试验阶段，该文对脉冲电晕等离子脱硫脱氮与除尘技术的形成过程进行了回顾，对其理论作了分析，并简介了工艺流程，还指出了目前存在的主要问题和需研究的关键技术。     

脉冲电晕等离子体净化正己烷的实验研究

对脉冲电晕等离子体技术净化有机污染物－正己烷进行了实验研究，考察脉冲成形电容、脉冲峰值电压、脉冲频率、气体流量、气体人口浓度等因素对净化效率的影响，结果表明，成形电容有一最佳值，净化效果随峰值电压、脉冲频率增大而升高；随气体流量、进口浓度增大而降低。     

脉冲电晕放电治疗有机废气的研究—放电反应器结构

对脉冲电晕法治理甲苯有机废气进行了实验，考察了放电反应器结构及参数对其性能的影响。结果表明，对线－筒式反应器，当直径较小时，去除率较高，但易发生火花放电，实验条件下直径２０ｍｍ的反应器效果较好。若采用陶瓷管反应器，其效果较金属管明显提高，脉冲峰值电压Ｖｐ为４２ｋＶ时，可使甲苯的去除率由４０％提高到６１％左右。对线－板式反应器，放电间隙越大，甲苯的去除率越低，使用陶瓷板反应器可使甲苯去除率明显提高，     

废水处理的新趋势与新技术

介绍了我国水污染方面的情况、水污染治理的常用技术及基本工艺流程、水治理技术发展的新趋势和几种水处理的新技术。对这些新技术的基本原理、研究方向与前景作了阐述。     

低温等离子体技术降解含氮硫废气的研究进展

论述了采用低温等离子体技术处理含氮硫废气以及恶臭气体的反应机理和研究现状,重点介绍了低温等离子体技术与催化、吸附、光催化等技术的联合技术,分析了低温等离子体联合技术存在的问题及发展方向。     

Confirmation of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) distribution in the blood and verification of simple quantitative method for PCBs based on specific congeners

We measured the concentration of each polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener in whole blood, plasma and blood cells, and investigated the distribution of PCBs in human blood using high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). The PCB concentrations in plasma and whole blood in terms of lipid concentrations were almost equal, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.972. In the blood, the ratio of PCBs in blood cells to those in plasma was generally about 1:9 and the congener distribution patterns in blood cells and plasma were similar.We performed verification of a simple mass screening method by obtaining information on the main PCB congeners for investigations on human accumulation and exposure. The total concentration of the seven PCB congeners (UNEP-7) proposed to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) by Muir and Morita was about 50% of the total concentration of all PCB congeners, and UNEP-30 was about 80%. The seven main congeners in the blood (MCB-7) showed a value that was about 60%, and MCB-30 showed a value that was about 90%. Determinations with the main congeners in the blood showed a correlation of r = 0.990 or more between the main eight congeners (MCB-7 plus #74) and the total PCB concentration for all congeners. The results suggest that, although total PCB concentration can be effectively estimated from the main seven congeners, the main eight congeners would be preferable, and that the use of these congeners in the simple mass screening method would be effective for populations in areas uncontaminated by PCBs.     

BIOAVAILABILITY OF CALCIUM FROM SWEETPOTATO AND SOY FLOUR SUPPLEMENTED DIETS IN HAMSTERS

The bioavailability of calcium from two varieties of sweetpotatoes and supplementation of sweetpotatoes with soy flour was investigated in hamsters using plasma calcium concentration and femur calcium content as indicators. Five different diets were fed to five groups of animals for 28 days. There was no significant difference in plasma calcium concentrations of hamsters in all the diet groups. However, the femur calcium content of hamsters with transgenic sweetpotato flour (TSPF) and parent nontransgenic (from which transgenic was produced) sweetpotato flour (NTSPF) diets was significantly higher than that of the transgenic sweetotato flour supplemented with soy flour (TSPF+SF) and parent nontransgenic sweetpotato flour supplemented with soy flour (NTSPF+SF) diets. The relative bioavailability of calcium from the control (100%), TSPF+SF (30%), NTSPF+SF (23%), TSPF (57%) and NTSPF (46%) indicated that sweetpotatoes could be the better source of calcium, however, supplementation with soy flour might reduce the bioavailability of calcium.     

土壤滤池+等离子除臭技术在污水处理厂的应用

随着区域规划的调整,苏州某污水处理厂周围环境变得较为敏感,原有除臭设施已无法满足新的环保要求,该污水处理厂的除臭工程需要进行升级改造.经综合比选后确定采用在现有除臭设施基础上增设土壤滤池+等离子除臭设施的方案.除臭工程实施后,主要臭气源得到有效控制,氨、硫化氢和二硫化碳等恶臭物质去除率均在85％以上,甚至达到99％,除臭设施处理效果良好,厂界处污染物排放满足GB 14554-93《恶臭污染物排放标准》一级标准要求.     

Ecophysiological constraints associated with aggression,and evolution toward pacifism in Spalax ehrenbergi

Evolution from a solitary way of life to sociality involves changes in the modalities of within-population aggression. This paper is concerned with environmental causes of variation in aggression within the complex of mole-rat species Spalax ehrenbergi. We focus on physiological constraints associated with aggressive behaviour, i.e. those resulting from emotional arousal and thus stress. Aggression, social stress sensitivity and urine osmolarity were studied in males of two chromosomal species of Spalax ehrenbergi, 2n = 52 (occurring in cool humid areas) and 2n = 60 (occurring in warm arid zones). Males with 2n = 52 reached a higher level of within-population aggression during a 3-round tournament (an average, 488 ± 140 acts) than males with 2n = 60 (163 ± 54 acts). The species with 2n = 52 displayed a higher corticosterone response after a social encounter (in average, 5.15 ± 0.54 μg/100 ml) than that with 2n = 60 (3.0 ± 0.3 μg/100 ml) whereas resting levels of this hormone were low and not different between the two species. Urine osmolarity was significantly higher in males with 2n = 60 (331.9 ± 18.6 mmol/kg) than males with 2n = 52 (267.3 ± 10.9 mmol/kg). Considering the overall general trend urine osmolarity tended to be negatively related to the level of aggression, while corticosterone levels tended to vary positively with aggressiveness (Fig. 3). Our results allow further discussion of the hypothesis that high levels of aggression could be selected against in arid habitats due to their physiological correlates (decrease in water economy, increased corticosterone leading to potential energy mobilisation and loss). We propose that behavioural ecophysiology could have contributed to the radiation of the S. ehrenbergi superspecies into increasingly arid environments, and may favour evolution toward social tolerance. Received: 10 June 1995/Accepted after revision: 25 October 1995     

Gliding arc plasma processing for decomposition of chloroform

The decomposition of chloroform (CHCl₃) diluted in air was studied. The experiment was carried out by using a gliding arc plasma. Different values of initial concentrations of chloroform, total gas flow rates, and input power frequencies have been used to investigate this effects on the conversion reaction products both qualitatively and quantitatively. Experimental results indicate that the maximum conversion of chloroform was 97% at a total gas flow rate of 180?L?h^?1 containing 1% chloroform. Using air as carrier gas, decomposition of CHCl₃ produces CCl₄, CO₂, CO, and Cl₂ as the main products. Small amounts of HCl and COCl₂ are also detected. Liquid products were also produced.