厦门海域僧帽牡蛎生化指标与有机污染物的相关性

研究了厦门海域4个地点的僧帽牡蛎(Ostreacucullata)全组织中有机氯农药(HCHs、DDTs)和多氯联苯(PCBs)的总含量及其与消化腺的总SOD、GSH、总抗氧化能力、MDA、EROD和GST活性(含量)之间的关系.结果表明,采自大嶝岛的牡蛎全组织HCHs含量最高;采自集美的牡蛎全组织DDTs和PCBs含量最高.消化腺总SOD活性、总抗氧化能力均随着组织内有机物含量的增加而减少,呈现一定的负相关性.EROD活性与DDTs和PCBs含量呈现很好的相关性,对于指示海洋中有机氯农药和多氯联苯类物质污染程度有着较好的应用前景.     

牡蛎鳃组织的培养及TBTCl对细胞活力的影响

采用无血清组织培养和台盼蓝排斥实验,从细胞形态、细胞成活率等方面分别研究了氯化三丁基锡(TributyltinChloride,TBTCl)对牡蛎鳃组织细胞的影响。实验结果表明,TBTCl对牡蛎鳃细胞的生长及活力均产生一定的影响,具有抑制牡蛎鳃细胞增生,造成牡蛎鳃细胞损伤以及致使鳃细胞死亡的作用。     

Variation of antioxidant biomarkers in the edible oyster Saccostrea cucullata collected from three different water bodies of Sundarbans

Variations of antioxidant biomarkers such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were studied in edible part of mangrove oyster Saccostrea cucullata, collected from three different water bodies, such as Namkhana (S-I), Frazergaunge (S-II) and Sajnekhali (S-III) of Indian Sundarbans which are exposed to different degrees of anthropogenic activity. The study was conducted for consecutive two years (2010 and 2011) in the respective water bodies. Characteristics of biomarkers in oyster from the two polluted water bodies, i.e. S-I and S-II, are similar in nature in comparison to less polluted site (S-III). The catalase, superoxide dismutase activity and lipid peroxidation in oyster flesh exhibit significant (p<0.01) spatial and temporal variation among the three stations. Oysters from S-I were significantly higher (p<0.05) in antioxidant enzyme activities than oysters from S-III, which differ in their amount of pollution sources. Maximum antioxidant enzymes activity of all collected samples were recorded in pre-monsoon time and decreased in monsoon season. But maximum lipid peroxidation was noted during monsoon followed by post-monsoon and pre-monsoon.     

海洋双壳类谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性测定条件的优化

以僧帽牡蛎(Ostrea cucullata)为材料,提取鳃的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(glutathione s-transferase, GST),测定GST(包括GSTs、GST-π、GST- μ)在不同温度、底物浓度、缓冲液pH条件下的活性,从而确定酶活性测定的最佳条件.结果表明:(1) GSTs活性测定的最佳条件:GSH终浓度2 mmol/L,测定温度31℃,PBS pH 6.5,CDNB终浓度1.5 mmol/L;(2) GST-π活性测定的最佳条件:GSH终浓度2.5 mmol/L,测定温度为29℃,PBS pH7.75,ECA的终浓度2.5 mmol/L;(3) GST-μ活性测定的最佳条件:GSH的终浓度5 mmol/L,外界环境温度为29 ℃,PBS pH 6.0,DCNB的终浓度1.50 mmol/L.     

Sediment quality guidelines for copper and zinc for filter-feeding estuarine oysters?

Sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) assess the ability of bottom sediment to sustain healthy infauna and water quality guidelines (WQGs) provide protection for a designated percentage of aquatic species. Filter-feeding marine species, e.g. oysters and mussels, acquire food from particles in the water column and protection of these animals is not provided by SQGs or WQGs. The current work investigated the relationship between metal (Cu, Zn) concentrations in total and fine-fraction (<62.5 μm) surficial sediment digested in a range of acids and chelating agents and oyster tissue metal concentrations. A strong correlation between oyster tissue Cu and Zn concentrations and fine-fraction surficial sediment digested in 1 M HCl provided a sedimentary guideline which predicted tissue metal concentrations in oysters and established a level (<45 μg g⁻¹ and <1000 μg g⁻¹, respectively) for protecting oysters from exceeding human consumption levels (70 μg g⁻¹ and 1000 μg g⁻¹, respectively).