三丁基锡对蓝子鱼的激素和酶指标及组织显微结构的影响

采用静态暴露方式研究三丁基锡氯化物(TBTCl)对黄斑蓝子鱼(Siganus oramin)的毒性效应.当蓝子鱼暴露于40～4000 ng·L-1 TBTCl中10d或20d后,雌鱼和雄鱼的肝体指数显著升高,鳃、肝脏、脾脏、心脏、皮肤等组织的显微结构发生明显的病理变化;上述病变随毒物暴露剂量或暴露时间的增加而加剧.与对照组相比,暴露10d后,40 ng·L-1组的血浆睾酮水平和400 ng·L-1组的血浆皮质醇水平显著升高,4000ng·L-1组的血浆皮质醇水平显著降低、肝脏谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)活性极显著升高;暴露20d后,各处理组的血浆睾酮和皮质醇水平无显著变化,但40、400 ng·L-1组的肝脏GST活性显著升高.结果提示,肝体指数、肝脏代谢酶活性、血浆皮质醇水平,以及有关组织的病理变化可以作为评估三丁基锡等环境污染物毒性效应的生物指标.     

Stable C and N isotope analysis elucidated the importance of zooplankton in a tropical seagrass bed of Santiago Island,Northwestern Philippines

The role of zooplankton in a tropical seagrass ecosystem was investigated in milkfish farms pollution-impacted and -unimpacted seagrass beds in Santiago Island coral reefs, Northwestern Philippines. The aim was to compare between the two sites: (1) abiotic factors and zooplankton community parameters, and (2) the trophic structure using C and N stable isotopes. Low water (98–119?mV) and sediment (–121 to ?138?mV) Oxidation Reduction Potential values indicated a reducing environment in the impacted site. Zooplankton in the impacted site showed the typical community response to eutrophication (low diversity, but high total abundance due to the dominance of the cyclopoid copepod Oithona oculata), generally few elevated δ¹⁵N values, but a significant shift towards depleted ¹³C due to the organic enrichment of fish-farm feeds. Apart from suggesting a highly complex food web with POM and zooplankton as main food sources in the unimpacted site, the Bayesian mixing model simulation generated reduced complexity in feeding interactions between basal sources, zooplankton, and fish including adults of a key fish species, Siganus fuscescens, in the impacted sites. In this study, C and N stable isotope analysis has clarified the importance of zooplankton as fish prey in a seagrass bed food web.