Effect of oxide-based fluxes on mechanical and metallurgical properties of Dissimilar Activating Flux Assisted-Tungsten Inert Gas Welds

Present investigation is to study the “Effect of Activating Fluxes on Mechanical and Metallurgical Properties of Dissimilar Activated Flux-Tungsten Inert Gas Welds”. Effect of current, welding speed, joint gap and electrode diameter on weld bead dimensions on 6 mm thick dissimilar weld between carbon steel to stainless steel, was studied under Activated Flux-Tungsten Inert Gas Welding process. During this investigation three different types of oxide powders were used-TiO₂, ZnO and MnO₂. After welding samples were subject to mechanical testing, in addition to characterization via micro hardness and microstructures of Normal Tungsten Inert Gas Welds and Activated Flux-Tungsten Inert Gas Welds. Activating fluxes TiO₂ and ZnO are effective fluxes for Activated Flux-Tungsten Inert Gas Welding of dissimilar weld between CS to SS. Highest depth/width (D/W) ratio reported under TiO₂ and ZnO fluxes compare to Normal-Tungsten Inert Gas Welds. Lowest angular distortion was observed under TiO₂ flux compare to Normal-Tungsten Inert Gas Welds. Mechanical properties, Joint Efficiency of Activated Flux-Tungsten Inert Gas Welds are higher than normal-Normal Tungsten Inert Gas Welds. Tensile Test specimens of both the processes failed from the parent metal (carbon steel side). Carbon migration from CS to SS, had occurred which led to failure of weld joints from CS side.     

白藜芦醇对血管生成的抑制作用

研究了白藜芦醇在体外和体内实验中抗血管生成的活性 .研究发现 ,白藜芦醇在体外实验中能明显抑制ECV30 4细胞的增殖 (作用 4 8h的IC50 是 5 9.4 μgmL-1,作用 72h的IC50 为 32 .0 μgmL-1)和迁移 (IC50 为 1.6 μgmL-1) .在其作用下 ,ECV30 4细胞在胶原凝胶上形成管腔样结构的数目明显减少 (IC50 为 39.1μgmL-1) .白藜芦醇在发挥抑制作用的有效浓度范围内无明显的细胞毒性 .在体内实验中 ,白藜芦醇能明显抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新血管的形成 .图 1表 3参 10     

Fe3O4/C纳米粒子的制备及其对水中罗丹明B的去除

采用溶剂热-水热法合成了碳覆盖的Fe3O4纳米粒子Fe3O4/C,利用扫描电镜(SEM)与红外光谱(FT-IR)对其进行了表征,并研究了其对水中罗丹明B的吸附性能.系统考察了吸附动力学、吸附等温线、吸附剂用量对吸附性能的影响.Fe3O4/C对罗丹明B的吸附在3 h内即可达到平衡,最大吸附量可达13.23 mg.g-1.分别用Langmuir和Freundlich吸附模型解释了Fe3O4/C对罗丹明B的作用机理,吸附反应过程符合准二级动力学方程.结果表明,该吸附剂具有良好的磁效应和吸附性能,可快速去除罗丹明B,去除率高达90%以上;吸附剂可重复利用,成本低,具有环境友好的优势.     

高速气固两相流作用下的煤化工管材冲蚀磨损行为研究

为解决煤化工业中节流阀突扩口高速气固两相流对管壁材质的冲蚀磨损问题,利用基于激波管原理驱动的气固两相流冲蚀实验装置,试验研究冲击角度、温度对煤化工管材(10#、AISI304)的冲蚀磨损规律。研究结果表明:10#、AISI304管材的冲蚀率将随着冲击角度的增加而先增大后减小;室温下,10#、AISI 304钢的最大冲蚀率均出现在15°~30°区间;随着温度的升高,10#的最大冲蚀率出现在30°~45°区间,AISI304最大冲蚀率出现在30°。10#在30°,45°冲击角度下冲蚀磨损率会随温度上升显著上升,在15°冲击角度下冲蚀磨损率反而会随温度上升而下降。AISI 304在15°,30°,45°冲击角度下,冲蚀磨损率均会随温度上升而上升;在特定条件下,10#管材的冲蚀性能将优于AISI304。     

Public values for badgers,bovine TB reduction and management strategies

This paper applies an attribute-based stated choice experiment approach to estimate the value that society places on changes to the size of the badger population in England and Wales. The study was undertaken in the context of a rising incidence of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle and the government's review of current bTB control policy. This review includes consideration of culling badgers to reduce bTB in cattle, since badgers are thought to be an important wildlife reservoir for the disease. The design of the CE involved four attributes (size of badger population, cattle slaughtered due to bTB, badger management strategy and household tax) at four levels with eight choice sets of two alternatives presented to respondents. Telephone interviews were undertaken with over 400 respondents, which elicited their attitudes and preferences concerning badgers, bTB in cattle and badger management strategies. The study estimated a willingness to pay of £0.10 per household per year per 100,000 badgers and £1.52 per household per year per 10,000 cattle slaughtered due to bTB which aggregated to £22 per badger and £3298 per bTB slaughtered animal for all households in England and Wales. Management strategy toward badgers had a very high valuation, highlighting the emotive issue of badger culling for respondents and the importance of government policy towards badgers.     

Developing and Implementing Multiple-Use Forest Management Planning in Turkey

This paper explains briefly the conceptual framework of an ecosystem-based multiple-use forest management planning focusing on biodiversity conservation and participation. Some results from a case study were documented to realize the implementation of the concept. A strong liaison between the related institutions and major stakeholders and the effective use of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) are necessary. Effective participation is evident only with the involvement of enthusiastic and skillful stakeholders. A case study of ??neada, Turkey, supported the idea that participation as communication has better possibilities to promote multiple-use forest management than participation as information gathering. Primary challenges relate to the effectiveness of conservation program, availability of coherent biodiversity data, capacity building; awareness, training, and common understanding of biodiversity and protected area concept; coordination among the related institutions and stakeholders; and willingness and enthusiasm of authorities to accept and implement the concept.     

南海岛礁环境下304不锈钢腐蚀行为分析

目的 研究304不锈钢材料在南海岛礁大气、飞溅、潮差和全浸区环境下暴露0.5 a的腐蚀行为与规律.方法 通过实海环境适应性试验,获取304不锈钢材料在南海岛礁环境下的腐蚀数据.通过腐蚀形貌观察,明确304不锈钢的主要腐蚀形式.通过电化学测试分析,评价304不锈钢耐蚀性能,阐明其腐蚀机理.结果 304不锈钢在南海岛礁环境下以点蚀为主,4个区带的平均腐蚀速率分别为0.8、1.1、1.3、3.2μm/a,平均点蚀深度分别为13.57、15.26、18.62、2.43μm,最大点蚀深度分别为28.85、35.63、32.93、40.25μm.交流阻抗和Mott-Schottky曲线测试结果显示,四个区带试样的电荷传递阻抗分别为1.27×107、8.76×106、7.35×105和5.76×105?·cm2,载流子含量分别为6.56×1022、1.01×1023、2.80×1023和4.15×1023 cm?3.在全浸环境下,304不锈钢钝化膜破损最严重,耐蚀性下降最大.结论 在大气区和飞溅区,304不锈钢以点蚀为主,并在固定部位伴随有轻微缝隙腐蚀;在潮差区和全浸区,由于钙镁沉积物和海生物附着,304不锈钢表面形成大量Cl?饱和、低溶解氧浓度的腐蚀微电池环境,发生了严重的局部腐蚀,且以全浸区最为严重.     

冷轧塑变304不锈钢在稀硫酸中的腐蚀电化学行为

目的 通过测试不同厚度冷轧塑变304不锈钢试样在0.5 mol/L H2SO4溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为,研究腐蚀速率随位错密度、马氏体含量、残余压应力的变化规律.方法 试样板材原始厚度为5 mm,制备的冷轧试样的厚度分别为4.5、4.0、3、2.5、2.0、1.0 mm.采用Х射线衍射法测量不同厚度试样的残余奥氏体含量,再求差值,得到马氏体体积分数.通过 Х 射线应力测定仪测量不同厚度试样表面的残余压应力.利用IM6ex电化学工作站测试不同厚度试样的极化曲线、阻抗谱和电化学噪声,电化学噪声采用不相关的三电极电解池体系.通过电化学测试,对不同厚度冷轧塑变试样的腐蚀电化学行为进行系统研究.结果 随着冷轧厚度的递减,马氏体含量和残余压应力增加,冷轧试样马氏体含量最大值在45％左右,残余压应力最大值接近600 MPa.经电化学测试,随着冷轧厚度递减,腐蚀速率先是增加,随后又降低,腐蚀速率峰值为7.7×10?4 A/cm2,最小值为3.2×10?4 A/cm2.对冷轧厚度为4.0、3.0、1.0 mm的无塑变试样进行电化学噪声时域曲线、频域曲线测试分析,腐蚀速率变化趋势与极化曲线、阻抗谱测试结果一致.结论 随着冷轧厚度递减,位错密度增大,马氏体含量增加,加速了冷轧塑变试样的腐蚀.冷轧厚度很薄时,较高残余压应力与晶体取向削弱了位错密度、马氏体含量对腐蚀的影响,从而降低了腐蚀速率.     

Benzene removal by nano magnetic particles under continuous condition from aqueous solutions

Benzene removal evaluated using Fe304 nano continuous condition. A 44 initial benzene concentration, from aqueous solutions was magnetic particles （NM） in factorial design including NM dose, contact time and pH was investigated in 16 experiments （Taguchi OA design）. The results indicated that all factors were significant and the optimum condition was： pH 8, NM dose of 2000 mg.L-1, benzene concentrations of 100 mg.L-1 and contact time of 14min. The maximum benzene uptake and distribution ratio in the optimum situation were 49.4mg.g-1 and 38.4L.g-1, respectively. The nano particles were shown to capture 98.7% of the benzene in optimum batch condition and 94.5% in continuous condition. The isotherm data proved that the Bmnauer-Emmett-Teller model fit more closely and produced an isotherm constant （b） less than one, indicating favorable adsorption. Regeneration studies verified that the benzene adsorbed by the NM could be easily desorbed by temperature, and thereby, NM can be employed repeatedly in water and wastewater management.     

SO2 modeling in İzmit Gulf, Turkey during the winter of 1997: 3 cases

In this study, SO₂ dispersion over İzmit Gulf is simulated by California Puff (CALPUFF) model for three air pollution cases, which occurred on January 28, February 12, and February 26, 1997. These days are generally characterized by dominant high-pressure systems – pressure values reaching 1032 mb, low wind speeds and sometimes calm conditions, and low temperatures with a minimum of 0°C. Hourly simulations during those critical cases were carried out and results revealed very high concentrations of SO₂ transported to the downwind regions of Tüpraş and Gebze, and values sometimes exceeded 1,000 μg/m³. Nighttime and morning simulations associated with inversion produced considerably higher values of SO₂ than the afternoon simulations associated with breeze. Model verification was conducted by comparing the measured daily average values of eight stations with the model predicted values at the same receptor points. Results showed that the model well predicted the values at station Gebze in all three cases. The model sometimes underestimated and sometimes overestimated the concentrations at other receptor stations.