天津地区鱼塘水、悬浮物、沉积物和鱼体中的DDT

采样测定了天津地区2典型鱼塘鲫鱼、鲢鱼、水、悬浮物、沉积物和鱼塘周边表土中的DDT及其代谢产物含量。结果发现,2鱼塘各主要介质以及鱼体肌肉和器官中都富集了较高浓度的DDT。鲫鱼和鲢鱼肌肉中DDT的含量分别为(66.4±2.7)ng·g-1和(24.3±23.4)ng·g-1。肝胰脏、肠和鱼鳃中DDT含量一般高于肌肉,其中肠的富集量最大,是肌肉的3倍以上。生物富集系数(lgBCF)分别为3.7和3.3。2鱼塘鱼体和各相含量有较大差别,鱼塘介质中悬浮物富集浓度最高。表土污染相对严重地区的鱼塘中各介质和鱼体DDT含量均高于另一污染较轻的鱼塘。污染严重鱼塘的DDE/ΣDDT含量比值也相对较高,反映早期污染残留的重要特征。尽管如此,仍然较高的DDT含量以及悬浮物中很低的DDE/ΣDDT含量比值说明很可能还有污染源存在。     

天津中东部平原区土壤盐分空间分布特征

土壤盐渍化是滨海地区生态保护修复的重要影响因素。为了解天津平原地区土壤盐渍化程度,沿永定新河、海河干流和独流减河3条入海河流海陆方向开展堤外土壤盐分采样调查,结合地统计学和GIS技术,分析海陆方向土壤盐分的空间梯度和变异特征,以期为天津生态保护修复和陆海统筹提供科学依据。结果表明:土壤水溶性盐含量和碱化度整体呈自东南向西北递减的趋势;重度及以上盐渍化土主要分布在海岸线向陆地纵深15 km的滨海新区,其中盐土、重度碱化土主要分布在大港距海10 km内、塘沽与汉沽距海5 km内;中度盐渍化土主要分布在独流减河沿线距海15~60 km内;轻度盐渍化土主要分布在海河干流沿线距海10~60 km内。土壤阳离子以Na+为主;从海岸线向陆域方向,土壤阴离子从以Cl-、 SO 4 2 - 为主逐步过渡到以 SO 4 2 - 、 CO 3 2 - + HCO 3 - 为主。独流减河一线盐渍土类型以硫酸盐-氯化物和氯化物-硫酸盐为主;海河干流中部平原区盐渍土类型以硫酸盐-苏打为主;永定新河一线盐渍土类型以硫酸盐-氯化物和苏打-硫酸盐为主。     

CO2 emission driving forces and corresponding mitigation strategies under low-carbon economy mode: evidence from China’s Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region

On account of the background of China’s “new normal” characterized by slower economic growth, this paper analyses the low-carbon economy status quo in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region and empirically investigates the relationship between carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and its various factors for China’s Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region using panel data econometric technique. We find evidence of existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve. Results also show that economic scale, industrial structure, and urbanization rate are crucial factors to promote CO₂ emissions. However, technological progress, especially the domestic independent research and development, plays a key role in CO₂ emissions abatement. Next, we further analyze the correlation between each subregion and various factors according to Grey Relation Analysis. Thereby, our findings provide important implications for policymakers in air pollution control and CO₂ emissions reduction for this region.     

提高天津市安全生产水平对策研究

根据对天津市2000—2004年工伤事故分析和研究,总结出的天津市工伤事故的规律和特点,以及事故致因的有关理论,提出对策研究的总体思路,并对照天津市及其重点行业的经济发展状况及安全监管的现状,提出了从总体上控制天津市工伤事故、不断提高安全生产水平的对策,即加强安全生产监管体系的建设、建立自律与激励机制、从制度上解决企业安全费用投入不足的问题、加大对重大危险源的监控以期杜绝特大事故的发生、尽快建立安全应急救援体系、加强事故管理、完善地方安全法规的建设使监管做到有法可依、强化安全检查等8项措施。     

The spatial-temporal differentiation of green land use in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration

ABSTRACT

As the space carrier of the construction of ecological civilization, land’s green and efficient utilization is an important guarantee for realizing national sustainable development. Based on traditional land evaluation, this paper scientifically defines the green land use, puts land as one of the production factors, and brings energy consumption, environmental pollution, etc. into the input-output system to measure the green land utilization efficiency of the urban construction land of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration from 2006 to 2016. The study shows that the overall efficiency variation of the urban agglomeration is related with the land and environment policies. Efficiency of 2016 is higher than that of 2006, and energy and environment are the principal factors affecting the green land use. The efficiency of each city is positively correlated with its economic development, negatively correlated with the construction land expansion. Efficiency gaps in different cities are expanding. There is positive correlation with overall weak space between cities, and the partial spatial agglomeration phenomenon appears. Therefore, the green land use efficiency could be improved by improving land utilization efficiency, coordinating economic growth of construction land utilization with environmental protection and taking feasible ways to transregional renovation of the stock ecological land utilization, etc.     

A quantitative water resource planning and management model for an industrial park level

This paper introduces an integrated water management model at the industrial park level. It suggests four approaches to water management: first, direct water reuse among users; second, water reuse among users by blending with freshwater; third, water reuse between users and a wastewater treatment plant; and fourth, groundwater recharge by reclaimed wastewater or other feasible applications in order to optimize the overall water efficiency. The model results in a comprehensive management methodology for optimizing water resources within an industrial park, seeking potential water reuse among industries, and incorporating the size and cost of reclaimed wastewater delivery systems. A case study is employed to test the model’s feasibility. An economic analysis of the optimized water use network is also carried out, showing the potential water and cost savings.     

天津市供销社再生资源回收体系建设纪实

天津市供销合作总社全力打造天津市再生资源回收利用网络体系,对天津市供销合作总社再生资源行业的基本情况、历史沿革及近期重点工作进行介绍,分析了工作中存在的问题,并提出今后工作设想。为推进天津市再生资源回收体系建设,起到引领和示范作用。     

天津临港滨海湿地公园重金属污染特征及风险评价

为了解天津临港滨海湿地公园重金属的污染特征及环境风险,检测了天津近海海域6种常见重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr和As在湿地水体和沉积物中的浓度,并采用重金属污染指数法、物种敏感性分布法和地累积指数法与潜在生态风险指数法分别对水体和沉积物中的重金属风险进行评估。结果表明:水体中只检出Cr、Cu、Zn和As,各采样点浓度均值分别为50.93、2.56、38.21和8.67 μg/L,其中Cu、Zn、As浓度在各采样点均未超过GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》中Ⅳ类水质标准;沉积物中检出Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb,各采样点浓度均值分别为66.28、24.12、91.37、9.83、0.88和20.38 mg/kg,其中Cr、Cu、Zn和Cd不同程度超过我国土壤环境背景值。对水体重金属的风险评价,重金属污染指数法评价结果为低污染,主要污染重金属为Cr;物种敏感性分布法评价结果为中~高生态风险,As为导致高风险的主要重金属元素。对沉积物重金属的风险评价,地累积指数法评价结果表明Cd为中度污染,Cr、Cu、Zn、As和Pb为无污染或轻度污染;潜在生态风险指数法评价结果显示,研究区域为中、高生态风险程度。由于不同评价方法的参照状态、风险受体或保护目标不同,导致评价结果存在明显差异,建议根据风险高的评价结果采取防治措施,从而更严格地保护湿地公园生态系统。     

天津中心城区夏季非甲烷有机化合物组成特征及其臭氧产生潜力分析

大气中非甲烷有机化合物(NMOCs)作为臭氧产生前体物之一,其浓度与组成特征研究对于研究地面臭氧形成的机制有重要的科学意义.选择夏季时段从2009年8月6日到13日在天津中心城区气象局铁塔站位对NMOCs进行采样分析,采样频次为每日5次,采样时间从7:30am到23:00pm间隔2～3h采样1次.天津城区NMOCs的含...     

基于天气背景天津大气污染输送特征分析

区域输送是大气污染防治中需要考虑的重要因素,本文利用大气化学模式定量估算2016年10月～2017年9月区域输送对天津的影响,重点基于天气背景分析区域输送影响和气象条件的关系,为京津冀地区大气污染联防联控提供支撑.结果表明,京津冀地区各城市区域输送贡献百分率平原城市显著高于沿山城市,天津一次PM_2.5本地贡献62.9%,区域输送贡献37.1%,主要受沧州、廊坊、河北中南部、北京、唐山和山东等地输送影响,每年4～6月区域输送最显著, 7～8月区域输送最弱.区域输送与天气形势、风场和降水等气象条件密切相关,高压后和锋前低压是区域输送占比最高的两种污染天气类型,西南风、西风和南风3个风向下天津大气污染输送影响最为明显,风速2～3 m·s^-1时最有利于PM_2.5区域传输,降水超过5 mm以上将降低大气污染物区域传输效率.对于不同污染类型和重污染阶段,轻度污染天气时区域输送贡献最为明显,比均值偏高20.5%,重污染天气虽受静稳气团控制,但由于周边区域高浓度的PM_2.5,污染气团迁移对区域内污染聚集传输有显著影...