洗毛废水的不同处理方法对活性炭吸附的影响

通过活性炭吸附2种不同处理方法处理后的洗毛废水,研究了活性炭的吸附容量和吸附机理。结果表明：活性炭吸附无机酸酸化处理后废水和高分子絮凝剂处理后废水中COD的吸附容量分别为：70mg／g和43mg／g。进一步研究发现,2种废水中废水中小分子组分和疏水性组分的含量差异是造成活性炭吸附效果差异的主要原因。     

混凝沉淀—气浮—生化处理洗毛废水

采用混凝沉淀－气浮－生化处理洗毛废水。混凝沉淀－气浮在进水ＣＯＤ１４５００ｍｇ／Ｌ,处理水量２０００ｍ＾３／ｄ,ＣＯＤ去除率９０％;ＨＲＴ ３２ｈ生化处理时,出水ＣＯＤ为１８７ｍｇ／ｌ,可达到污水综合排放二级标准（洗毛行业）。     

洗毛废水的原水浓度对絮凝效果的影响

对ＰＡＣ、ＰＡＭ复合使用于洗毛废水时原水浓度与投药量关系进行了小试和中试。实验表明，ＰＡＣ与废水形成２０～３０μｍ的小絮粒，ＰＡＭ连接小絮粒形成矾花。以原水ＣＯＤ１００００ｍｇ／Ｌ为界，呈自由絮凝和拥挤絮凝两种状态。在自由絮凝时，原水ＣＯＤ：ＰＡＣ：ＰＡＭ呈７５：１：００１３，ＣＯＤ、ＳＳ去除率分别达８５％，９５％以上。拥挤絮凝时ＰＡＣ、ＰＡＭ的投量激剧增加。建议洗毛废水在自由絮凝状态下处理。     

Isotopes, Wool, and Rangeland Monitoring: Let the Sheep Do the Sampling

3 and C₄ plant species consumed by animals. Sheep sample vegetation continuously throughout a year, and as their wool grows it integrates and stores information about their diet. In subtropical and tropical rangelands the majority of grass species are C₄. Since sheep prefer to graze, and their wool is an isotopic record of their diet, we now have the potential to develop a high resolution index to the availability of grass from a sheep's perspective. Isotopic analyses of wool suggest a new direction for monitoring grazing and for the reconstruction of past vegetation changes, which will make a significant contribution to traditional rangeland ecology and management. It is recommended that isotopic and other analyses of wool be further developed for use in rangeland monitoring programs to provide valuable feedback for land managers.     

防虫蛀织物中有机杀虫剂残留的GC／MS测定

织物试样由丙酮－正己烷混合溶剂浸渍后进行超声提取，提取液经Celite层析柱净化。40℃为转蒸发浓缩、定容，由GC／MS测定试样中的DCB、Naphthalene,PCP及Permethrin含量，本方法适合毛织物中防虫蚊整理剂、防霉剂及驱虫制剂残留的定性量分析，方法在目标化合物的检测限（LOQs)D0.1-0.5Mg/Kg之范围内，平均回收率介于89.2-94.6%之间，相对标准偏差为2.3-8.1%。     

First detection of an NSAID, flunixin, in sheep's wool using GC-MS

Exposure to the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac resulted in the near extinction of three species of Gyps vultures on the Indian subcontinent. Other NSAIDs present in the environment, including flunixin, may pose a similar risk. In the course of a study to determine the feasibility of detecting NSAIDs in keratinous matrices (i.e., hair, nails and feathers) using GC-MS, wool opportunistically collected from a sheep treated with flunixin was analysed for residues. Flunixin was detected qualitatively in external wool wash and extract samples. While residues of veterinary agents and pesticides have previously been found in sheep’s wool, our preliminary investigation provides the first instance of an NSAID being detected in this matrix. Here we provide the sample preparation methods and GC-MS parameters used to enable further refinement as part of ongoing conservation and consumer quality control measures.     

提高洗毛废水中羊毛脂回收量的工程实践

通过改进羊毛脂提取的工艺方法，使羊毛脂的回收率从原来的25％上升到50％，不但获得了好的经济效益，同时环境效益明显提高。     

Sheep's wool insulation: A sustainable alternative use for a renewable resource?

Material selection in manufacturing may be characterized as a series of trade-offs between characteristics, properties, environmental impacts, sustainability, availability, and economics. Societal concerns about the environmental impacts of construction practices and materials have been expressed through an increase in the demand, production and use of “green” building products. This, combined with a desire to integrate more bioproducts and natural and renewable resources into the construction industry, has extended to the production and promotion of insulation made from sheep's wool.Although substantial literature exists on the insulation properties and other benefits of wool, less is known about the economics and manufacturing processes of sheep's wool insulation at varying scales of production. This paper contributes to this field of enquiry through presentation of the preliminary results of a wool insulation manufacturing pilot project, in which the scale and economics of the production of sheep's wool insulation were considered. Processing techniques, the impact of sheep breed, yield, energy use, and manufacturing costs were also examined. The results of the pilot project indicate that, while sheep's wool insulation produced at a smaller, or artisanal scale shows some potential, scale of operation and volume of production need to be carefully considered in order to ensure long-term sustainability of the operation. Using the least expensive sheep's wool available for the manufacture of wool batt insulation (and thereby reducing production costs) did not, in this pilot study, have a negative impact on productivity or product performance. Diversion of this waste stream of currently less marketable, and consequently less valuable wool, into the production of a green building material may offer small but significant benefit to sheep producers and the broader agricultural community, as well as consumers.