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1.
The typical parameters of acid precipitation are evaluated in the forest of Vallombrosa (Tuscan Appennines) during the dry period 1988-89. Individual rain events (dry and wet deposition) were sampled in a clearing of the forest and below the canopy of an evergreen tree as well as a deciduous broadleaf tree.
In atmospheric precipitation the pH values usually vary around 4.4, with neutralization in the hot season due to calcareous material from distant sources. Relatively large concentrations of Pb and Cd are found in rain, but only in a small amount in canopy leachate. Aluminium, manganese and iron are more significantly washed off than Pb and Cd. 相似文献
In atmospheric precipitation the pH values usually vary around 4.4, with neutralization in the hot season due to calcareous material from distant sources. Relatively large concentrations of Pb and Cd are found in rain, but only in a small amount in canopy leachate. Aluminium, manganese and iron are more significantly washed off than Pb and Cd. 相似文献
2.
通过对24个飞灰样品的重金属全量消解和高精度X射线荧光光谱法(HDXRF)快速检测结果进行线性回归分析,发现HDXRF法可较准确测定飞灰中Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni和Cd含量(线性回归决定系数R230.90).采用HDXRF法对某焚烧厂飞灰重金属含量6个月快速检测及浸出毒性测定数据统计分析发现:飞灰重金属月均含量较稳定(变异系数CV<0.14)但日均含量波动较大(CV>2.54);飞灰中Pb、Cu和Zn含量呈正相关(相关系数r>0.78);金属浸出浓度受浸出液终点pH值影响显著,超标频率依次为Pb(68.9%)、Cd(66.1%)、Ni(24.0%)、Cu(14.2%)和Zn(1.6%).短期飞灰金属含量和浸出毒性数据受焚烧工况,烟气处理工况和垃圾组分等多种因素共同影响,不具有代表性.为评估垃圾分类源头削减重金属效果,建议采用快速检测方法对焚烧飞灰重金属含量进行长期监测. 相似文献
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This paper deals with the release of base cations and Al3+ at the treatment with simulated acid rain (SAR) in main soil types collected from South China. Results showed that the amounts of base cations increased obviously when the pH value of simulated acid rain was lower than 3.0 or 3.5. Compared with the leaching of K+ and Na+, the leaching of Ca2+ and Mg2+ was affected by the pH value of SAR. Only when the amounts of base cations leached from soils exceeded the cation exchange capacity, the pH value of leaching solutions decreased sharply and the amounts of released Al3+ increased. The H+ buffering mechanisms, which were affected notonly by the pH values of SAR, but also by the types and solid components of soils, were proposed for the main soils studied. 相似文献
5.
SBR工艺处理城市垃圾渗滤液的可行性分析 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
在参考国内外垃圾渗滤液的处理方案后,选择厌氧预处理 SBR工艺作为处理方案,通过实验对该废水处理的情况来看,该工艺较好地适应了垃圾渗滤液的处理特点,能达到比较良好的效果。 相似文献
6.
This paper deals with the release of base cations and Al3+ at the treatment with simulated acid rain (SAR) in main soil types collected from South China. Results showed that the amounts of base cations increased obviously when the pH value of simulated acid rain was lower than 3.0 or 3.5. Compared with the leaching of K+ and Na+, the leaching of Ca2+ and Mg2+ was affected by the pH value of SAR. Only when the amounts of base cations leached from soils exceeded the cation exchange capacity, the pH value of leaching solutions decreased sharply and the amounts of released Al3+ increased. The H+ buffering mechanisms, which were affected notonly by the pH values of SAR, but also by the types and solid components of soils, were proposed for the main soils studied. 相似文献
7.
IntroductionFertilizationisessentialforagriculturalproduction ,butunreasonablyapplyingfertilizerscouldresultinseriesofproblemssuchascropqualitydecline,fertilizeruseefficiencydecrease,residualfertilizerspollution groundwaterandriversandnitrogencontented … 相似文献
8.
三种固体废弃物综合利用的初步研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
从环境建设的可持续发展出发 ,结合天津开发区在基础设施及园林绿化建设中面临土源紧缺以及周边地区存在大量的海湾泥、粉煤灰、碱渣土等固体废弃物的现实 ,在详细研究了3种废物的物理、化学性质的基础上探讨了用这些废物代替农田客土的可行性。实验及推广应用结果表明 ,这些废物按适当比例混合后能够形成一种可替代种植客土的新型土壤 ,这种新型土壤的最佳配比(即海湾泥与粉煤灰或碱渣土 )比例为3:1 ,同时该配比基质对植物生长的适宜性优于滨海盐土。 相似文献
9.
进口废电器拆解后的残余固体废物是一种碱性废物 ,2— 3年雨量范围内的模拟酸雨淋出液中的Cu和Zn的含量超过排放标准中的一级排放标准 ,而Ni、Pb、Hg的含量可以达标 ;在整个 10年试验雨量范围内 ,所有淋出液中CODCr和油的含量均超过一级排放标准 .酸性介质有利于Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni的释放 .碱性介质有利于油和CODCr的释放 .在各种淋溶介质条件下 ,主要污染因子的淋溶释放一般符合Ct=C0 ·tb 模型 . 相似文献
10.
Dr. Yash P. Agrawal Päivi Ylikangas Markku T. Parviainen Ilkka M. Penttilä 《黑龙江环境通报》1994,14(12):1141-1149
The histochemical measurement of urea-resistant alkaline phosphatase from maternal blood neutrophils is known to have a high detection rate for the prenatal detection of Down's syndrome pregnancies. However, because the histochemical method is laborious and subjective to use, it has not gained widespread acceptance in prenatal screening programmes. We present a simple and objective method for the measurement of urea-resistant alkaline phosphatase by flow cytometry. The method should allow the design of larger studies aimed at evaluating the role of neutrophil urea-resistant alkaline phosphatase in the prenatal screening for Down's syndrome. 相似文献