四川石油天然气工业环境统计体系现状分析及改进对策

针对四川石油天然气工业环境统计中存在的非稳定污染源监测数据的统计价值不高，统计调查方法单一，个别统计指标计算未使用国家统一标准等现状，从环境监测站改组入手，改革统计调查方法，建立以必要的周期性普查为基础，以经常性的抽样调查为主体，同时辅之以全面统计报表，重点调查和科学推算综合运用的统计调查方法体系。     

BASIN SCALE WATER MANAGEMENT AND FORECASTING USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS1

ABSTRACT: Water scarcity in the Sevier River Basin in south‐central Utah has led water managers to seek advanced techniques for identifying optimal forecasting and management measures. To more efficiently use the limited quantity of water in the basin, better methods for control and forecasting are imperative. Basin scale management requires advanced forecasts of the availability of water. Information about long term water availability is important for decision making in terms of how much land to plant and what crops to grow; advanced daily predictions of streamflows and hydraulic characteristics of irrigation canals are of importance for managing water delivery and reservoir releases; and hourly forecasts of flows in tributary streams to account for diurnal fluctuations are vital to more precisely meet the day‐to‐day expectations of downstream farmers. A priori streamflow information and exogenous climate data have been used to predict future streamflows and required reservoir releases at different timescales. Data on snow water equivalent, sea surface temperatures, temperature, total solar radiation, and precipitation are fused by applying artificial neural networks to enhance long term and real time basin scale water management information. This approach has not previously been used in water resources management at the basin‐scale and could be valuable to water users in semi‐arid areas to more efficiently utilize and manage scarce water resources.     

地震台站体应变观测资料处理系统简介

介绍了新近研制的地震台站体应变观测资料的日常处理系统 ;简要地介绍了该系统及其数据库的结构以及各功能模块的作用。     

大数据环境下企业安全绩效管理的基础性问题*

为明晰大数据对安全绩效管理的影响,把握信息时代下企业安全绩效管理的研究方向,基于大数据时代下安全绩效管理内容,阐述数据驱动下安全绩效管理的应用优势,探讨数据驱动下安全绩效管理的研究变革,剖析大数据环境下企业安全绩效管理的数据流向,构建数据驱动下安全绩效管理的框架模型,并提出数据驱动下企业安全绩效管理应用对策。结果表明:基于大数据的安全绩效管理有助于提升企业安全管理水平,也为安全生产系统优化提供理论依据。     

地理信息系统技术及其在环境科学中的应用

论述了地理信息系统的组成,主要功能,分类等特性,重点介绍了ＧＩＳ数据库设计模型的演变及ＧＩＳ空间数据模型,阐述了ＧＩＳ在环境学科领域的应用现状,包括环境管理,环境影响评价,面源污染分析,水资源管理与分析,给排水管网设计和管理,近海水域管理和分析,环境监测,减灾防灾及紧急事故管理,生物多样性保护与可发展研究等,并介绍了ＧＩＳ在环境科学中的应用前景。     

偏最小二乘回归方法在土地利用结构研究中的应用

针对当前LUCC研究中存在的数据间多重相关性和样本量不足的问题,论文将一种新型的多元统计数据分析方法---偏最小二乘回归引入到研究中。该方法可以有效地克服上述缺陷,并能实现多种数据分析方法的综合应用。为检验方法的功能及实用性,论文以苏锡常地区为例,对区域的土地利用结构及其影响因子进行了定量分析。结果表明,偏最小二乘回归是进行土地利用结构研究的一种十分有效的工具,在地学领域有广阔的应用前景。     

第一次全国污染源普查数据处理和分析软件关键技术最佳实践

结合第一次全国污染源普查数据采集处理和分析软件的应用过程,对第一次全国污染源普查数据采集和处理的背景、流程、技术框架和主要建设内容等进行了介绍,并对软件的成功实施和关键技术的最佳实践进行了研究,为下一次全国污染源普查提供了技术积累。     

城市震害预测基础资料调查方法的研究

作者通过概括分析我国近几年来城市震害预测项目基础资料调查工作的开展情况，结合自身近几年参加广州等城市的震害预测调查工作实际，通过深入分析，提出了开展包括建（构）筑物和生命线工程在内的基础资料调查工作思路和系统性较强的实施方法，在一定程度上可以有效提高调查资料的准确性和数据的严谨性。     

Quantifying population declines based on presence‐only records for red‐list assessments

Accurate trend estimates are necessary for understanding which species are declining and which are most in need of conservation action. Imperfect species detection may result in unreliable trend estimates because this may lead to the overestimation of declines. Because many management decisions are based on population trend estimates, such biases could have severe consequences for conservation policy. We used an occupancy‐modeling framework to estimate detectability and calculate nationwide population trends for 14 Swiss amphibian species both accounting for and ignoring imperfect detection. Through the application of International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List criteria to the different trend estimates, we assessed whether ignoring imperfect detection could affect conservation policy. Imperfect detection occurred for all species and detection varied substantially among species, which led to the overestimation of population declines when detectability was ignored. Consequently, accounting for imperfect detection lowered the red‐list risk category for 5 of the 14 species assessed. We demonstrate that failing to consider species detectability can have serious consequences for species management and that occupancy modeling provides a flexible framework to account for observation bias and improve assessments of conservation status. A problem inherent to most historical records is that they contain presence‐only data from which only relative declines can be estimated. A move toward the routine recording of nonobservation and absence data is essential if conservation practitioners are to move beyond this toward accurate population trend estimation.     

CEMS比对监测数据偏差研究

简述CEMS比对监测技术背景,总结实际监测工作中导致数据偏差的各方面因素,分析问题产生原因并提出解决措施和建议。