岩体质量对地下洞室围岩稳定性的影响

在现场调查的基础上,通过对西南某电站地下厂房洞室群围岩岩体质量的分析评价,采用三维有限元数值分析方法,对比分析不同岩体质量条件下,洞室开挖后围岩的二次应力场、变形场和塑性破坏区的差异。较全面地讨论了岩体质量对地下洞室围岩稳定性的影响。     

建筑物下采煤技术的研究现状与发展趋势

我国建筑物下采煤的研究从20世纪60年代开始,先后在本溪、鹤壁、抚顺、枣庄、峰峰、蛟河等矿区进行试验,取得了成功的经验和宝贵的监测资料。在综合分析大量文献的基础上,从协调开采法、充填开采方法、条带开采、覆岩离层注浆等多种开采技术对建筑物下开采方法进行了研究和论述;展望了我国建筑物下开采的发展趋势,认为覆岩离层注浆、矸石充填、条带开采、原地重建抗变形房将是我国建筑物下采煤技术的发展方向。     

锤锻模型槽布置与模块尺寸确定CAD

介绍了锤锻模型槽布置和模块尺寸确定的计算机辅助设计方法,以平衡重锻件为例,给出了计算机辅助设计的结果。     

西南某水电站洞室群开挖对坝头边坡的敏感性分析

文章通过对水电站洞室群开挖的研究,在Midas/GTS软件的帮助下,用数值模拟的方法进行了水电站洞室群开挖对坝头边坡的敏感性分析,模拟了水电站的坝头边坡在洞室群开挖下的位移和应力的变化,得到了洞室群开挖对坝头边坡的影响的一些数据,得出了一些自己的结论,即洞室群的开挖对坝头边坡的影响主要是在断层附近,必要时应该进行一定的支护措施,而且根据地质条件的不同,影响程度也有一定的改变。     

Spatiotemporal variation of radon and carbon dioxide concentrations in an underground quarry: coupled processes of natural ventilation, barometric pumping and internal mixing

Radon-222 and carbon dioxide concentrations have been measured during several years at several points in the atmosphere of an underground limestone quarry located at a depth of 18 m in Vincennes, near Paris, France. Both concentrations showed a seasonal cycle. Radon concentration varied from 1200 to 2000 Bq m⁻³ in summer to about 800-1400 Bq m⁻³ in winter, indicating winter ventilation rates varying from 0.6 to 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ s⁻¹. Carbon dioxide concentration varied from 0.9 to 1.0% in summer, to about 0.1-0.3% in winter. Radon concentration can be corrected for natural ventilation using temperature measurements. The obtained model also accounts for the measured seasonal variation of carbon dioxide. After correction, radon concentrations still exhibit significant temporal variation, mostly associated with the variation of atmospheric pressure, with coupling coefficients varying from −7 to −26 Bq m⁻³ hPa⁻¹. This variation can be accounted for using a barometric pumping model, coupled with natural ventilation in winter, and including internal mixing as well. After correction, radon concentrations exhibit residual temporal variation, poorly correlated between different points, with standard deviations varying from 3 to 6%. This study shows that temporal variation of radon concentrations in underground cavities can be understood to a satisfactory level of detail using non-linear and time-dependent modelling. It is important to understand the temporal variation of radon concentrations and the limitations in their modelling to monitor the properties of natural or artificial underground settings, and to be able to assess the existence of new processes, for example associated with the preparatory phases of volcanic eruptions or earthquakes.     

Psychrophilic and Psychrotolerant Heterotrophic Microorganisms of Middle Siberian Karst Cavities

The natural microflora of Middle Siberian karst cavities, which comprises psychrotolerant bacteria and fungi capable of growing at 3–15 and 3...+28°C, respectively, has been studied. Bacteria are ubiquitous in caves, their count varying from 10³ to 10⁷ cells/g ground. The bacteria have been identified as Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, and coryneform bacteria. Fungi have been found in places exposed to increased anthropogenic impact, their count being as large as 10⁶ to 10⁷ cells/g ground. Mucor, Penicillium, and Chrysosporium were dominant fungal genera.     

水布垭大坝坝址左岸岩溶化地层三维计算机模拟

详尽地阐述了由多个椭球洞体生成复杂溶蚀孔洞的原理、三维随机洞体的数学模型以及确定性洞体的数学描述和计算机显示方法,为岩溶化岩体的溶蚀率和渗透特性的研究提供了计算机模拟手段。根据野外现场调查资料、平面地质图、灌浆帷幕剖面图,提取了水布垭大坝坝址左岸岩溶化地层的有关数据,得到了岩溶化地层的三维地质图和沿灌浆帷幕线的剖面图。