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IntroductionTheuseofchemicals,includingpesticides,hasbecomeanintegralandeconomicallyessentialpartofmodernagriculture.Pesticide?.. 相似文献
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应用核素示踪技术,以14C-绿黄隆进行麦茬土壤残留及其对后茬水稻影响的盆栽试验研究。结果表明,施于麦地的绿黄隆经过麦季(206d)后有25%~30%残留于土壤;经过麦-稻两季(326d)后仍有约15%的绿黄隆残留在土壤中;麦茬土壤中残留的绿黄隆严重影响后茬水稻根系生长,进而影响植株的生长发育;水稻植株残留量和转移系数是根系>>茎叶>稻谷,在各部位的分布是不均匀的。 相似文献
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Bioavailability of bound residue derived from 14C-labeled chlorsulfuron in soil and its mechanism of phytotoxicity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The bioavailability of bound residue(BR) derived from ^14C-labeled chlorsulfuron in soil and effect of the main components of the BR on growth of rape( brassica napus) and rice( Oryza sativa L. ) were investigated. The results showed that the BR with the concentration of 0.28 and 0.56 nmol/g air-dried soil, which was calculated by special radioactivity of ^14C-labeled chlorsulfuron parent compound, resulted in significant depression effect on growth of rape seedling. It was assured that the main components(2-amino-4-methoxyl-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2-amino-4-hydroxyl-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine, and 2-chloro-benzenesul-fonamide) of the BR did not inhibit the growth of rape and rice. LC-MS analysis demonstrated that the parent compound previously bound to the soil matrix could be again released and transformed into methanol-extractable residue during the course of rape growth. It was concluded that the molecular leading to the phytotoxicity to rape and rice in the BR is still the parent compound. 相似文献
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采用改进的玉米主根长土培生测法,研究绿黄隆、甲黄隆在江苏省典型农区土壤中残留活性。结果表明,两种除草剂在5种土壤中剂量与玉米主根长抑制率之间皆达极显著相关,土壤pH和有机质含量是主要影响因素,碱性轻质土壤中活性较高,酸性重质土壤中活性较低,活性大小顺序为:黄潮土>高沙土>砂姜黑土>滨海盐土>太湖水稻土。 相似文献
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观察了不同水稻品种对绿磺隆的敏感性,发现“9325”、“9-92”、“9380”等3品种对绿黄隆高度敏感。采用添加法试验,证实绿磺隆残留对水稻株高、分蘖、干物质积累、产量影响明显,残留致使“9-92”水稻减产2.32%~23.58%。建议在镇江市沿江、孟河平原和丘陵非重草害田块,应停止使用绿磺隆或通过复配方式,降低绿磺隆用量。 相似文献
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绿磺隆在土壤中的残留及其对后茬作物的安全性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了绿磺隆在江苏省吴县及河北省石家庄市麦田土壤中的降解规律 ,以及水稻对绿磺隆的敏感性。结果表明 ,绿磺隆在土壤中残留期较长 ,在江苏省吴县及河北省石家庄市麦田土壤中的降解半衰期分别为 2 2 82和 3 2 98d ;水稻对绿磺隆极为敏感 ,它对水稻根系生长的抑制浓度仅为 0 1 μg/kg,麦收后土壤中残留的绿磺隆极易对后茬水稻产生危害。 相似文献
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Sensitivity of three algal species, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus acutus and Pseudanabaena galeata to herbicides atrazine and chlorsulfuron was studied using single species toxicity tests. Organisms were exposed to different concentrations of these herbicides and the algal growth was measured by turbidity at 750 nm. Atrazine appeared to be the most inhibitory to algae growth. 96 hr EbC50 of atrazine was: 1.3, 0.014, 0.014 mg/1 for C. saccharophila, S. acutus and P. galeata, respectively and 96 hr EbC50 of chlorsulfuron was 74.5 mg/1 for C.saccharophila, 0.19 mg/1 for S. acutus and 21.1 mg/1 for P. galeata 相似文献
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Identification of the bound residue composition derived from 14C-labeled chlorsulfuron in soil by using LC-MS and isotope tracing method 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
A new method for extracting the bound residue(BR) derived from ^14C-iabeled chlorsulfuron in soils was developed, and the technique of combining LC-MS with isotope tracing method was subsequently applied to identify the composition of the ^14C-BR in a loamy Fluvent derived from manne deposit. The results showed that the ^14C- [ 2- amino-4- methoxyl-6- methyl- 1,3,5 ]-triazine, ^14C- [ 2-amino-4-hydroxyl-6-methyl-1,3,5]-tdazine and ^14C-chlorsulfuron parent compound constituted the main composition of the ^14C-BR denved from ^14C-labeled chlorsulfuron in the soil. The radioactive ratio of three compounds accounted for 39.8 %, 35.4 % and 17.9 % of total recovered radioactivity, respectively. However, a small amount(3.6 % of total recovered radioactivity) of the complex of ^14C- [ 2-amino-4-hydroxyl-6-methyl-1,3,5]-tdazine might have existed in the ^14C-BR in association with an unknown soil substrate. 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide was also detected to be one of the components of the BR. The results could well explain the mechanism of phytotoxicity caused by the BR derived from chlorsulfuron in soil. In addition, the mechanism of BR formation in soil was also discussed in details. 相似文献
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IntroductionHerbicidesarenowusedextensivelyincropproduction.Theincreasinguseofherbicideswithnitrogenfertilizershascreatedseri?.. 相似文献