Thiolsulfonate functionalized polystyrene resin： Preparation and application in the isolation and identification of electrophilic mutagens

A new approach for isolation and identification of elecrtophilic mutagens from complex matrix was developed.Thiosulfonic anion was immobilized onto polystyrene beads and used as separation media.Potassium polystyryl-thiosulfonate,prepared from polystyryl- sulfonyl chloride and KHS,was observed to selectively react with model electrophilic mutagens such as alkyl halides,α-chloroketones andα-chloroesters to produce polystyryl-thiosulfonic esters.After separation from other nonreactive organic compounds,the beads then reacted with ethanethiol to produce unsymmetrical ethyl disulfides which are easily detected by GC/MS.For one mutagenic compound,only one unsymmetrical disulfide was found to contain its structure part.Thus,the structure of the parent mutagens could be deduced from that of the unsymmetrical disulfides.The degree of functionaiization of the potassium polystyryl-thiosulfonate resin was 1.11 mmol/g.Its reactivity was discussed and its recycling method was reported here.     

胺基官能基化的HMS吸附水体中的腐殖酸

研究了胺基表面官能化前后的HMS(hexagonal mesoporous silica)对腐殖酸的吸附, Freundlich方程拟合结果表明,表面官能化后吸附常数K值由0.56提高至105,反映出表面官能化能显著改善HMS对腐殖酸的吸附,且低pH值条件下吸附效果更佳.表征结果显示,腐殖酸分子主要吸附在表面胺化HMS的中孔孔道内,并首先占据吸附剂中较大的中孔孔道.吸附动力学结果显示腐殖酸在表面胺化的HMS上吸附符合二级动力学,吸附速率主要受孔道内扩散控制.     

Crosslinking acrylamide with EDTA-intercalated layered double hydroxide for enhanced recovery of Cr(VI) and Congo red: Adsorptive and mechanistic study

• Functional groups of AM and EDTA in composite increased removal of Cr(VI) and CR. • Removal process reached equilibrium within 30 min and was minimally affected by pH. • Elimination of Cr(VI) was promoted by coexisting CR. • Adsorption process of CR was less influenced by the presence of Cr(VI). • Mechanisms were electrostatic attraction, surface complexation and anion exchange. We prepared ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-intercalated MgAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH-EDTA), then grafted acrylamide (AM) to the LDH-EDTA by a cross-linking method to yield a LDH-EDTA-AM composite; we then evaluated its adsorptive ability for Congo red (CR) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in single and binary adsorption systems. The adsorption process on LDH-EDTA-AM for CR and Cr(VI) achieved equilibrium quickly, and the removal efficiencies were minimally affected by initial pH. The maximum uptake quantities of CR and Cr(VI) on LDH-EDTA-AM were 632.9 and 48.47 mg/g, respectively. In mixed systems, chromate removal was stimulated by the presence of CR, while the adsorption efficiency of CR was almost not influenced by coexisting Cr(VI). The mechanisms involved electrostatic attraction, surface complexation, and anion exchange for the adsorption of both hazardous pollutants. In the Cr(VI) adsorption process, reduction also took place. The removal efficiencies in real contaminated water were all higher than those in the laboratory solutions.     

(Super)paramagnetic nanoparticles as platform materials for environmental applications: From synthesis to demonstration

• The fabrication of monodisperse, (super)paramagnetic nanoparticles is summarized. • Monolayer and bilayer surface coating structures are described. • Mono/bilayer coated nanoparticles showed high sorption capacities for U, As, and Cr. Over the past few decades, engineered, (super)paramagnetic nanoparticles have drawn extensive research attention for a broad range of applications based on their tunable size and shape, surface chemistries, and magnetic properties. This review summaries our recent work on the synthesis, surface modification, and environmental application of (super)paramagnetic nanoparticles. By utilizing high-temperature thermo-decomposition methods, first, we have broadly demonstrated the synthesis of highly monodispersed, (super)paramagnetic nanoparticles, via the pyrolysis of metal carboxylate salts in an organic phase. Highly uniform magnetic nanoparticles with various size, composition, and shape can be precisely tuned by controlled reaction parameters, such as the initial precursors, heating rate, final reaction temperature, reaction time, and the additives. These materials can be further rendered water stable via functionalization with surface mono/bi-layer coating structure using a series of tunable ionic/non-ionic surfactants. Finally, we have demonstrated platform potential of these materials for heavy metal ions sensing, sorption, and separation from the aqueous phase.     

巯基功能化13X分子筛对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附

用3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷（MPTMS）对13X分子筛表面进行修饰,采用XRD和FT—JR测试方法对功能化前后的分子筛结构进行表征,结果表明,功能化后分子筛在保持原有结构同时表面还接枝了对Ph^2＋离子有吸附能力的巯基基团。吸附实验表明,巯基功能化分子筛对水中Ph^2＋离子比原分子筛具有更强的吸附去除效果,饱和吸附容量和去除率提高近一倍。SH-13X对Ph^2＋离子的等温吸附符合Langmuir模型,最大吸附容量为47．01mg／g,吸附强度b为2．26。动力学分析表明SH-13X对Ph^2＋离子的吸附过程更符合准二级动力学模型,而且粒内扩散不是该吸附过程的主要吸附机制。溶液中的Ph“与嫁接在分子筛表面及孔口位置的-SH功能团形成配位络合物而去除。     

多壁碳纳米管表面共价偶联分子印迹聚合物及其对水中双酚A的吸附性能

通过羧化、酰氯化、酰胺化反应在多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)表面引入不饱和侧链(－CH＝CH2),然后以双酚A(BPA)为模板分子,4-乙烯吡啶(4-VP)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)为交联剂,在MWCNTs－CH＝CH2表面制备一种新型的分子印迹聚合物纳米材料.采用扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析对制备吸附剂(MWCNTs@BPA-MIPs)的结构与形态进行了表征且证实有一层稳定的分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)接枝在MWCNTs的表面通过平衡结合实验与斯卡查德(Scatchard)分析证实了印迹聚合物的吸附性质.结果证实,BPA的吸附容量高达123.8 mg·g-1,而且与模板分子BPA的类似物双酚C(BPC)和邻硝基酚(o-NP)比较,MWCNTs@BPA-MIPs对BPA具有更好的选择性和更快的吸附动力学特性.     

磁性共价有机框架的制备方法研究

磁性共价有机框架（magnetic covalent organic framework,MCOFs）是一种新型多孔结晶有机框架材料,由于其结合了磁性纳米颗粒和共价有机框架（covalent organic frameworks,COFs）的优点,具有比表面积大、热稳定性和化学稳定性良好、饱和磁化强度高等特点,能够快速实现污染物与溶液的分离,弥补了COFs难以分离和回收的缺点,因此在磁性固相萃取、生物检测、传感等方面具有巨大的潜在应用.然而关于MCOFs制备方法的文章鲜见报道,其制备方法根据磁性纳米颗粒与COFs不同的连接形式而不尽相同,根据2011—2019年关于MCOFs的重要文献,综述了目前MCOFs的制备方法,包括包覆法、单体聚合法及原位合成法等,指出了不同制备方法的优缺点,同时探讨了MCOFs今后的发展方向和潜在应用,希望能够为MCOFs研究提供理论依据.包覆法制备条件较温和,保存了磁性纳米颗粒的完整性,是最为广泛应用的一种策略方法;单体聚合法操作简单,但制备条件苛刻,可控性不强;原位合成法制备MCOFs更多依赖于单体聚合法制备的共价三嗪骨架,需要不断开发基于其他类型COFs的MCOFs制备条件.今后MCOFs的制备方法应从材料设计多样性、应用广泛性等方面进行考虑,并向有望实现大规模工业应用方面发展.      

Cantilever nanobiosensor using tyrosinase to detect atrazine in liquid medium

The aim of this study was to develop a cantilever nanobiosensor for atrazine detection in liquid medium by immobilising the biological recognition element (tyrosinase vegetal extract) on its surface with self-assembled monolayers using gold, 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid, 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl] carbodiimide hydrochloride/n-hydroxysuccinimide. Cantilever nanobiosensors presented a surface compression tension increase when atrazine concentrations were increased, with a limit of detection and limit of quantification of 7.754 ppb (parts per billion) and 22.792 ppb, respectively. From the voltage results obtained, the evaluation of atrazine contamination in river and drinking water were very close to those of the reference sample and ultrapure water, demonstrating the ability of the cantilever nanobiosensor to distinguish different water samples and different concentrations of atrazine. Cantilever nanosensor surface functionalization was characterised by combining polarisation modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy and indicating film thickness in nanometric scale (80.2 ± 0.4 nm). Thus, the cantilever nanobiosensor developed for this study using low cost tyrosinase vegetal extract was adequate for atrazine detection, a potential tool in the environmental field.     

环氧树脂体系功能化研究进展

简述了环氧树脂的优异性能,对国内外环氧树脂作为灌浆材料、环氧防辐射材料、金属防腐材料、环氧树脂防火材料、环氧树脂粘结材料和环氧绝缘材料等6种类型的功能化材料研究现状进行了分类总结和详细分析。在此基础上,指出了目前环氧树脂体系功能化研究存在的问题,最后展望了未来环氧树脂功能化研究的发展方向。     

共价三嗪骨架活化过一硫酸盐降解磺胺甲恶唑

通过微波合成技术制备磁性共价三嗪骨架材料（MCTF）.利用SEM、TEM和FTIR对其形貌特征和表面基团进行表征分析;测定分析其微观介孔结构与饱和磁化强度;并将合成的MCTF用于活化过一硫酸盐（PMS）降解磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）.研究了MCTF/PMS体系降解SMX的主要影响因素,包括MCTF投加量、PMS浓度、pH值、无机离子.研究表明：在MCTF投加量0.3g/L,PMS浓度1.50mmol/L,SMX初始浓度0.05mmol/L的室温条件下,30min内SMX的降解率可达100%.随pH值升高,SMX的降解率随之降低.SO₄^2-与HCO₃^-对SMX的降解具有抑制作用,Cl^-则具有双重作用.循环试验证明MCTF具有良好的重复利用性能.MCTF/PMS体系中降解SMX的活性物质为硫酸根自由基（SO₄^-·）和羟基自由基（·OH）,并主要在催化剂表面生成反应;通过UHPLC-MS/MS对SMX的降解途径与产物进行推测分析.