农业面源污染防控研究进展

随着工业点源污染被越来越多的重视与控制,工业排放所造成的环境影响在得到控制的同时,农业生产带来的非点源污染日益凸显,成为近年来研究的热点。文章总结国内外农业面源的污染状况和研究进展,对农业面源海染防控研究进行了探讨。     

GJX型高炉均压放散消声器的研制

针对高炉均压放散噪声产生的机理及特点和声学特性，对消声器的设计原则及其合理结构进行了探讨和研究，较好地解决了消声器排尘与清灰之间的关系，为类似的消声器设计提供可借鉴的经验     

垂向湍流扩散和光耦合对下沉藻增长的影响——基于内陆混浊湖泊(太湖)分析

在假设温度恒定、弱化营养盐限制作用的条件下,利用太湖背景漫射衰减系数、日变化太阳辐射等数据,通过下沉藻生长与水环境相结合的耦合模型,模拟下沉藻增长过程中垂向湍流扩散和光之间的耦合.结果表明：在相对清洁水体中（背景漫射衰减系数小于1.1/m）,下沉藻类无需垂向湍流扩散均可维持增长;混浊水体中（背景漫射衰减系数介于1.1~3.0/m）下沉藻类增长需垂向湍流扩散维持,且最低垂向湍流扩散值随背景漫射衰减系数增大而增大,二者间存在指数函数关系;最低垂向湍流扩散（D）、水深（z）与藻类下沉速度（v）间的佩克莱数应位于0.38~13.89,否则垂向湍流扩散对比其他因素（藻类沉降和光衰减）,对水柱中下沉藻类的增长的作用甚小;当背景漫射衰减系数大于3.0/m,水柱平均光能可能难以满足藻类增长,藻类持续消亡.该研究有助于厘清气候变化背景下水生生态系统中的浮游植物种群演替机制.     

AN ANALYSIS OF PLAYA LAKE WATER UTILIZATION ON THE TEXAS HIGH PLAINS1

ABSTRACT: This paper examines the spatial, temporal and legal aspects of playa lake water utilization on the semi-arid Texas High Plains. These small basins of interior drainage collect and briefly hold an estimated two to three million acre-feet of runoff water annually, representing from one-fourth to one-third the quantity of groundwater pumped from the dwindling Ogallala aquifer. Once considered a detriment to farming operations, there is now increased interest in using playa water more effectively. At present direct pumping is the chief method of utilization, and modification of lake bottoms to concentrate runoff and reduce evaporation is the most widespread conservation practice. The use of playa water for groundwater reacharge is hampered by as yet unsolved technical problems. For many years the question of ownership of playa water remained unsettled. The Texas Water Rights Commission now classes it as diffused surface water, which under Texas law may be used by the landowner, though some legal problems remain. For play lakes to be effectively integrated into the regional water resource it becomes imperative that all present and prospective water utilization problems be identified and resolved.     

浅析污水处理厂风机选型

采用鼓风曝气工艺的污水厂的风机选型非常重要,对罗茨风机、多级离心风机和单级离心风机的原理及特点加以分析,并得出了风机选型结论。     

FOCUSED AND DIFFUSE PATTERNS OF AQUATIC RECREATION BEHAVIOR1

ABSTRACT: Recreation behavior can be examined by identifying characteristics of participants, activities, and places. Two distinct houschold types (social groups) were examined relative to their participation in water based recreation: households whose participation occurs exclusively in water based recreation, and those reporting participation in both water and nonwater activities. These households were compared in terms of preference for and specialization in water recreation, the relationship of water activity selected and resource (place) preference and intensity of participation in water activities. Attention by managers, planners, and social scientists to the interplay of participant group, activity, and place upon behavioral outcomes is important to the future development of recreation opportunities. It is one thing to design a facility for water based recreation; it is another to design a facility knowing the behavioral outcomes occurring and how they will be affected. Similarly, to implement a management strategy without knowing how behavior of participants will be modified as a result of the strategy can lead to failure of the management objective.