Prenatal diagnosis in two cases of de novo complex balanced chromosomal rearrangements. Three-year follow-up in one case

We report two cases of apparently balanced complex de novo chromosomal rearrangements (BCCR) detected prenatally at 17 weeks and 10 weeks of gestation, respectively. Chromosomes were studied using GTG-banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). In one case four chromosomes and in the other case three chromosomes were involved in the rearrangements. One of the pregnancies was terminated and no external or internal abnormalities were detected at autopsy. The other pregnancy continued to term. Level III ultrasound examination showed no abnormalities. The child is now 3 years old and has neither congenital anomalies nor evidence of delayed psychomotor development.     

Analysis of uncertainty consideration in environmental assessment: an empirical study of Canadian EA practice

Identifying and communicating uncertainty is core to effective environmental assessment (EA). This study evaluates the extent to which uncertainties are considered and addressed in Canadian EA practice. We reviewed the environmental protection plans, follow-up programs, and panel reports (where applicable) of 12 EAs between 1995 and 2012. The types of uncertainties and levels of disclosure varied greatly. When uncertainties were acknowledged, practitioners adopted five different approaches to address them. However, uncertainties were never discussed or addressed in depth. We found a lack of suitable terminology and consistency in how uncertainties are disclosed, reflecting the need for explicit guidance, and we present recommendations for improvement. Canadian Environmental Impact Statements are not as transparent with respect to uncertainties as they should be, and uncertainties in EA need to be better considered and communicated.     

改善企业安全文化技术手段的应用研究

安全文化建设在我国企业界受到重视,但是缺乏安全文化建设明确、实用的方法.将安全文化定义为"影响企业安全业绩的核心要素",设计Likert量表、硬件设备和计算机管理系统对安全文化进行定量测量,根据测量结果设计有针对性的培训可以快速改善企业的安全文化.从实际的企业测量可知,通过三次测量、两次抽样培训,企业安全文化可以提高8%左右,说明测量和培训相结合的方法是企业安全文化改善的有效手段.     

应用后续确定性问题校正条件价值评估——以福建省鼓山风景名胜区非使用价值评估为例

条件价值(CV)法是评估环境与资源价值的重要手段,后续确定性问题可有效便捷地提高CV结果的有效性。应用10刻度量化表式后续确定性问题对鼓山风景名胜区非使用价值CV评估结果进行校正。问卷采用双边界二分式,面对面调查获得518份有效调查问卷。结果显示:具有正支付意愿的受访者,其付费加入"鼓山保护协会"的确定度呈正态分布,确定度的平均值为6.72;确定度与受访者的收入、受访者对鼓山的熟悉程度呈显著正相关;受访者对起始投标值敏感。当确定度门槛值取7或8时,正支付率从51.5%分别下降至27.8%或23.3%,而平均支付意愿分别从33.24元下降至19.74元或16.36元,采用后续确定性问题校正后CV结果下降了一半左右。     

环境影响跟踪评价实践与理论研究进展

目前对跟踪评价的含义、目的、主要工作内容、实施步骤等已有了比较系统的研究,但是对战略层次跟踪评价的研究还比较少。本文首先回顾了环境影响跟踪评价在国内外的理论成果,总结跟踪评价的实践经验,认为跟踪评价主要驱动力来自于立法、决策方自身利益以及公众压力3个方面,并对今后我国开展跟踪评价工作提出相关建议,包括应加强规划环境影响跟踪评价的理论研究、建立相关的跟踪评价制度和开展跟踪评价试点等。     

矿用产品安全标志的监督管理探讨

为有效加强矿用产品安全标志发放后的监督管理力度,进一步提高安全标志的有效性及公信力,应积极探索、合理借鉴其他产品认证的成功经验与做法。对比分析我国矿用产品安全标志监督管理与UL认证跟踪检验在监督频次、监督重点、实施方式等诸多方面的异同,提出完善矿用产品安全标志监督管理的措施和建议:紧密结合我国安全生产工作,认真贯彻落实关于矿用产品安全标志管理的文件精神,有效利用监督管理资源,对获得矿用产品安全标志的生产单位实行科学、动态的管理,建立畅通的信息反馈渠道等。     

泸沽湖风景区规划环境影响跟踪评价研究

规划环境影响跟踪评价被认为是真实掌握规划的实际环境影响、促进规划与环境协调的重要举措。随着我国规划环评工作的不断推进,国内陆续开展了跟踪评价相关研究工作,但旅游规划环境影响跟踪评价的相关研究却少见报道。本研究以云南省泸沽湖风景区规划为例,从旅游业可持续发展的角度,就旅游规划环境影响跟踪评价的目的、技术路线、评价内容、跟踪评价对规划的作用机制等进行研究和探讨。     

土地利用规划环境影响跟踪评价分析

文章就环境影响跟踪评价是否适用于土地利用规划的实施进行了分析,并提出了实施评价的具体程序,基于价值模型建立了评价指标体系,采用指标体系法有效简化了评价工作的复杂性。并以扬州市土地利用总体规划(2005-2020)跟踪评价为例,进行了案例研究。通过回顾性评价和预测评价,识别出了主要环境问题以及环境制约因素,并根据规划总目标、阶段目标和环境保护规划、环境功能区划,进一步提出环境保护对策和措施,且对规划目标进行了调整。     

公路网规划环境影响跟踪评价初探

新颁布的《环境影响评价法》对环境影响的跟踪评价提出了明确规定,文章基于公路网规划环境影响事前评价的侧重点,提出公路网规划跟踪评价的内容主要包括两个方面:一是与相关规划的协调性分析;二是公路网规划实施过程中环境影响的实时监督,并进一步提出了跟踪评价方法。     

Interpreting major industrial landscapes: Social follow-up on meanings, the case of two aluminium smelters, Alcan (Alma, Canada) and Pechiney (Dunkirk, France)

Landscape is becoming an object of growing social concern and, as such, an object of mediation between major industrial producers and local communities. The question of the capacity of environmental assessment to address this issue is thus raised. Until now, landscape studies have focused on visual aspects, although subjective dimensions such as perceptions and meanings have been recognised. The research in this article concerns the subjective dimensions, and is presented with a view to further the understanding of the process of the social interpretation of landscape as it relates to heavy industrial sites. Within a socioconstructivist perspective, two case studies (a longitudinal follow-up and an ex-post) of two aluminum smelters, one in Alma (Quebec, Canada) and the other in Dunkirk (France) were conducted. The results show that nearby residents' interpretations of landscape varied according to three sets of factors related to 1) the dynamics of regional development and the historical place of industry in the community, 2) the relationship between residents and the industry and local governance capacities, and 3) the social impacts experienced. To conclude, three ways of using qualitative methodologies for social and environmental follow-up in a socioconstructivist approach to landscape are proposed.