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1.
Kuang-Lung Fan 《Chemistry and Ecology》1992,6(1):213-224
The increasing use of sea water for industrial cooling presents a real threat to the ecological environment in the ocean. in Taiwan where many electric power plants along the coast take sea water for cooling, people are concerned seriously about nuclear power plants. There are three nuclear power plants in Taiwan. Each plant has two units for generating power. the first two are located along the northern coast of Taiwan. the third is located in Kenting National Park along the coast of southernmost Taiwan. the plants take sea water for cooling, and discharge their heated effluents to the ocean surface from the coast. the thermal effluents have variable effects on the ecological environment near the plants. Fishermen living near the power plants complain that the heated water affects the inshore fishery catch. in addition, the thermal water from the second plant is easily accumulated near the coastal zone to influence the nearby swimming area in the summer-time. the thermal water from the third plant bleaches or kills some corals in shallow water near the outlet, and this conflicts with the interests of Kenting National Park. 相似文献
2.
P.P. Povinec H. Bokuniewicz W.C. Burnett J. Cable M. Charette J.-F. Comanducci E.A. Kontar W.S. Moore J.A. Oberdorfer J. de Oliveira R. Peterson T. Stieglitz M. Taniguchi 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2008,99(10):1596
Results of groundwater and seawater analyses for radioactive (3H, 222Rn, 223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra) and stable (D and 18O) isotopes are presented together with in situ spatial mapping and time series 222Rn measurements in seawater, direct seepage measurements using manual and automated seepage meters, pore water investigations using different tracers and piezometric techniques, and geoelectric surveys probing the coast. This study represents first time that such a new complex arsenal of radioactive and non-radioactive tracer techniques and geophysical methods have been used for simultaneous submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) investigations. Large fluctuations of SGD fluxes were observed at sites situated only a few meters apart (from 0 cm d−1 to 360 cm d−1; the unit represents cm3/cm2/day), as well as during a few hours (from 0 cm d−1 to 110 cm d−1), strongly depending on the tidal fluctuations. The average SGD flux estimated from continuous 222Rn measurements is 17 ± 10 cm d−1. Integrated coastal SGD flux estimated for the Ubatuba coast using radium isotopes is about 7 × 103 m3 d−1 per km of the coast. The isotopic composition (δD and δ18O) of submarine waters was characterised by significant variability and heavy isotope enrichment, indicating that the contribution of groundwater in submarine waters varied from a small percentage to 20%. However, this contribution with increasing offshore distance became negligible. Automated seepage meters and time series measurements of 222Rn activity concentration showed a negative correlation between the SGD rates and tidal stage. This is likely caused by sea level changes as tidal effects induce variations of hydraulic gradients. The geoelectric probing and piezometric measurements contributed to better understanding of the spatial distribution of different water masses present along the coast. The radium isotope data showed scattered distributions with offshore distance, which imply that seawater in a complex coast with many small bays and islands was influenced by local currents and groundwater/seawater mixing. This has also been confirmed by a relatively short residence time of 1–2 weeks for water within 25 km offshore, as obtained by short-lived radium isotopes. The irregular distribution of SGD seen at Ubatuba is a characteristic of fractured rock aquifers, fed by coastal groundwater and recirculated seawater with small admixtures of groundwater, which is of potential environmental concern and has implications on the management of freshwater resources in the region. 相似文献
3.
The coastal water of northeast Taiwan island, called 'Yin-Yang Hai' for its distinct yellow colour compared with blue offshore water, was investigated from 1989 to 1990 by the authors. Biological study showed the dominant species of plankton to be Copepoda, Cladocera, planktonic eggs and Diatoma. Dominant species of benthos were young crabs, Amphipoda and Annelida, with Amphipoda usually occurring in heavily polluted areas. Heavy metal data showed that the concentration of copper was high. the copper and iron concentration in algae of the intertidal zone was also high. the concentrations of iron and copper in inshore water were also higher than in offshore water. By comparison of the pH and salinity distribution of this area, we conclude that this coastal water has been polluted by acid waste water from coastal industry. the suspended solids concentration in sea water is high. Flocculation occurring at the boundary of fresh and saline water might be a reason for the distinct yellow colour of the water of this area. Further study is required. 相似文献
4.
徐小欣 《环境监测管理与技术》2003,15(1):10-12
船舶排污现场监察识别和综合确认,涉及面广,是环境监察的重要内容之一。根据我国现行环境管理法规及ISO14000环境管理体系中环境因素的识别方法,提出了船舶排污现场监察识别程序,监察识别内容和综合确认的方法,为环境管理决策提供依据。 相似文献
5.
在市场经济条件下,对符合法定条件的排污许可证应当允许其有偿转让。可转让的排污许可证必须以污染物申报登记为基础,以污染物总量控制为前提,以环境标准为依据,转让活动应当在政府严格监督下进行。可转让排污许可证制度通过市场机制和价值规律必将有效地促进污染防治。 相似文献
6.
环境税收制度是未来中国环境政策改革的突破口,相对于其它的环境政策如排污收费与排污权交易等,环境税收其经济效益与环境效益明显,开征环境税收有重要的意义,但在短期内,我国实施环境税收制度的条件尚不成熟,环境政策体系应该采取税费并存,并逐步过渡到以环境税为主的方式。 相似文献
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8.
实施大气氟化物排污权交易的改进意见 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在环保管理引入市场机制的条件下,如何推行并实施大气氟化物排污交易工作,本文就在法律、科研、管理、机构及经济手段等方面提出改进意见,供参考。 相似文献
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