屋顶绿化生态系统箱的研制

调查发现广州市屋顶自然生长的维管植物有49科109属128种,植物种类较多的科为菊科、禾本科、桑科、景天科、茜草科和鸭跖草科;屋顶自然生长的植物种类数量与环境受污染程度成反比,而与周围植物的多少成正比;屋顶自然生长的植物由于长期适应屋顶的极端环境,形成了的一些独特的生态生物学特征。基于上述结果配置相应的植物组合,设计适于屋顶绿化的生态系统箱、配制相应土壤并进行技术集成,观测其生长和隔热效应。同时进行空白对照、黑网荫蓬对照、生态隔热层对照、普通土壤种植区对比试验,发现生态隔热层和生态系统箱具有成本低、易维持、隔热好、景观美的效果。     

Managing Urban Trees and Their Soil Envelopes in a Contiguously Developed City Environment

Urban Hong Kong is covered by high building, road, and population densities. Its urban morphology is inherently not conducive to extensive or high-grade greening. Recent renewal of old areas has squeezed out some limited interstitial plantable space, although in new development areas modest spaces have been earmarked for greenery. The study aims at evaluating the major constraints to urban trees and their companion urban soil envelopes and at providing specific recommendations to improve tree management in the city. The analysis covers the above-ground confinements that dampen tree performance, the less tangible but rather difficult institutional restrictions that impose a somewhat unnecessary lid on tree planting, the multiplicity of players and stakeholders involved in urban-tree management that militates against coordination and cooperation, the widespread occupation of underground space by utility lines often to the exclusion of trees, and the extremely poor quality of urban soils that are often used without amelioration to support tree growth. The management recommendations furnish practical suggestions and hints to improve the short- and long-term welfare of trees in terms of quality, quantity, and spatial distribution. The conclusion enumerates some concrete measures for consideration by decision-makers to upgrade the city's greenery to close the gap between science and policy.     

绿化植物废弃物对Cu和Pb在土柱中分布的影响

文章在参考上海近年来平均降水量的基础上,通过室内模拟实验将污染土壤修复措施与其淋溶特性相结合,选取华东地区典型的灰潮土土壤进行了绿化植物废弃物对重金属Cu和Pb在土柱中分布影响的研究。初步结果显示,灰潮土覆盖绿化植物废弃物处理Cu和Pb的含量在0~5 cm层土壤中较对照处理高,且有覆盖量越大其Cu和Pb含量越高的趋势;而土壤与10 cm、20 cm厚绿化植物废弃物相混合的处理Cu和Pb含量在0~5 cm层Cu和Pb的含量较对照处理低,而分别在5~10 cm土层、10~20 cm土层中含量较高。     

Multi-criteria assessment of socio-environmental aspects in shrinking cities. Experiences from eastern Germany

Demographic change and economic decline produce modified urban land use pattern and densities. Compared to the beginning of the 90s after the German reunification, nowadays massive housing and commercial vacancies followed by demolition and perforation come to pass in many cities of the former GDR. In consequence, a considerable surplus of urban brownfields has been created. Furthermore, the decline in the urban fabric affects social infrastructure and urban greenery of local neighbourhoods. Here, urban planning enters into ‘uncharted territory’ since it needs to assess the socio-environmental impact of shrinkage.In order to carry out such an evaluation quantitatively, a multi-criteria assessment scheme (MCA) was developed and applied. Firstly, we identified infrastructure and land use changes related to vacancy and demolition. Secondly, demolition scenarios for the coming 20 years were applied in order to give an idea for a long-term monitoring approach at the local district level. A multi-criteria indicator matrix quantifies the socio-environmental impact on both urban greenery and residents. Using it, we set demolition scenarios against urban ‘quality of life’ targets. Empirical evidence comes from Leipzig, in eastern Germany, a representative case study for urban shrinkage processes.The results show that shrinkage implies socio-environmental changes of residential livelihoods, however, does not simply increase or decrease the overall urban quality of life. The integrated assessment of all indicators identifies environmental and social opportunities, as well as the challenges a shrinking city is faced with.     

长春城市绿地植物群落生态脆弱度分析

以北方寒地城市长春市为例,提出城市绿地植物群落生态脆弱度计算方法,对长春城市各类绿地进行了详细的植物群落生态脆弱度分析,分别论述了景观效果、绿地结构、绿地养护及人工干扰与生态脆弱度的关系,指出建立科学合理的复合群落绿地是从根本上降低城市绿地生态脆弱度的唯一出路。     

Ecosystem and biodiversity conservation planning in Hiroshima City,Japan

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＵｒｂａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎｉｓａｂｉｇｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｎｏｔｏｎｌｙｉｎｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｂｕｔａｌｓｏｉｎｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｉｎｇｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓ．Ｔｈｉｓｉｓａｍｏｄｅｒｎａｎｄｕｒｇｅｎｔａｆａｉｒｉｎｔｈ...     

立体种植与水土保持

与自然相协调的立体种植，迁用于护堤、护岸、渠道衬砌和城市绿化，具有良好的保持水土作用，将其与生态开发相结合，会带来巨大的经济和社会效益。     

城市绿化树种的选择与配置——以兰州市西固工业区为例

本文以地处中国西北干旱区的兰州市西固工业区为例，考察了该区绿化历史和现状，在此基础上，指出城市绿化树种的选择必须符合当地自然地理特征、城市发展状况、环境污染特征的原则，树种的配置应充分考虑绿化效益的发挥，同时兼顾经济可行性，并对兰州市西固工业区绿化提出了针对性的建议。     

污泥堆腐过程中多环芳烃(PAHs)的降解

结合有机废弃物资源化利用的特点,进行了污泥与绿化植物废弃物堆肥实验,以探讨其中多环芳烃的降解状况,为其更好的资源化利用提供坚实的证据.研究表明,污泥与绿化植物废弃物物堆肥腐熟时,16种优控多环芳烃的总量由原来的6.225 mg/kg降到了3.202mg/kg,降解率达到了48.57%,并且堆肥后满足了欧洲联盟规定的多环...