Prenatal detection of fetal hemoglobin E gene from maternal plasma

In order to provide a noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of the hemoglobin E (Hb E) related disorder, we have evaluated the possibility of identifying the fetal β^E-globin gene in maternal plasma. The analysis was performed during 8 to 18 weeks of gestation using DNA extracted from 200 µL of plasma from pregnant women whose husbands carried Hb E. The β^E-globin mutation in maternal plasma was detected by a nested PCR amplification followed by the Mnl I restriction analysis. The result was compared with that of routine analysis of the CVS specimens. Among the five pregnant women examined, the fetal β^E-globin gene was identified in maternal plasma in three of them and the result was completely concordant with the conventional CVS analysis. This simple noninvasive prenatal detection of the fetal β^E-globin gene should prove useful in a prevention and control program of Hb E/β-thalassemia in countries where the β^E-globin gene is prevalent. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

职业接触苯乙烯工人静脉血中蛋白质环氧苯乙烯加合物的分析测定

静脉血中蛋白质－环氧苯乙烯（ＳＯ）加合物的分析测定是将蛋白质中半胱氨酸残留经分解后，用Ｒａｎｅｙ Ｎｉ催化反应生成两种加合物：α－苯己醇，β－苯已醇，再用五氟苯氯衍生，ＧＣ／ＭＳ测定，用同样的方法测ＳＤ大鼠血的蛋白质加合物，结果表明动物血中蛋白质加的与实验的苯乙烯或ＳＯ剂量有较好的相关性；而且ＳＯ与半胱氨酸的反应α位强于β位，在人群实验中，对一个石棉厂职业接触苯乙烯工人静脉血中的蛋白质加合物进行测     

卤代烃毒性的化学评价法:鸟嘌呤卤代烃加合物FTIR、UV光谱表征

研究鸟嘌呤与一系列卤代烃反应的加合产物 ,利用HPLC二极管阵列检测器得到的特征紫外光谱 (UV)对加合产物样品进行了鉴定 ,然后加合产物经薄层 (TLC)分离 ,再进一步做红外 (FTIR)鉴定 ,从而得到鸟嘌呤 卤代烃氧位和氮位加合物的红外光谱表征 .研究表明 ,鸟嘌呤卤代烃的氮位加合物异构体的紫外光谱吸收峰的波长在 240～250nm之间 ,氧位加合物UV波长在 260～270nm附近 .鸟嘌呤与本文涉及的各卤代烃的加合物的红外光谱之间差别不大 :其氮位加合物在 1700cm^-1处 ,均有CO的特征吸收峰 ;其氧位加合物的红外光谱亦相近 .     

Investigation of protein-styrene oxide adducts as a molecularbiomarker of human exposed to styrene

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＢｉｏｍａｒｋｅｒ ,ｄｅｆｉｎｅｄａｓｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒ,ｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｏｒｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒａｌｔｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓｔｈａｔａｒｅｍｅａｓｕｒａｂｌｅｉｎｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｍｅｄｉａ ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｈｕｍａｎｔｉｓｓｕｅｓ ,ｃｅｌｌｓ,ｏｒｆｌｕｉｄｓ ,ｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｕｓｅｄｂｙｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｏｌｏｇｉｓｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｉｒｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ .Ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｂｉｏｌｏｇｙａｎｄｌａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｈａｖｅｓｈｏｗｎａｎｅ…     

灭幼脲光解产物DNA加合物的研究

灭幼脲（邻氯苯甲酰基－对氯苯基－脲）本身是一种低毒，低残留，没有致突、致癌性的农药，但是它的某些分解产物，如：氯苯、对氯苯、对氯苯基脲等有一定的毒性，邻氯苯甲酰胺（灭幼脲的主要光解产物－ＣＢＡ）和未经分离的灭幼脲光解产物的混合物，在试管反应条件下能与小牛胸腺ＤＮＡ反应形成多种ＤＮＡＡ加合物，用Ｐ１加强灵敏度的＾３２Ｐ后标记方法分析，有四种ＤＮＡ加合物被检出（ＤＮＡ－ＣＢＡ），实验证明，邻氯苯甲酰妥     

用~(32)P后标记法检测贝类鳃中的DNA加合物

建立了用~（３２）Ｐ后标记技术检测ＤＮＡ加合物的方法，研究了不同水质海湾的贝类鳃中ＤＮＡ加合物水平同时测定了除鳃外贝的其他软组织中多环芳烃（ＰＡＨｓ）的含量．结果表明，软组织中ＰＡＨｓ含量低的贝其鳃中加合物水平比ＰＡＨｓ含量高的贝的加合物水平低，即ＤＮＡ加合物水平与贝组织中ＰＡＨｓ含量有关．     

用增强灵敏度的~32P后标记法测定DNA-环氧苯乙烯加合物

DNA加合物是具有亲电性化学致癌物与DNA形成共价相联的化合物,是化学致癌物损伤DNA的主要形式,能够灵敏准确地分析DNA加合物的方法是研究DNA损伤     

Assessment of oxidative stress due to exposure to pesticides in plasma and urine of traditional limited-resource farm workers: Formation of the DNA-adduct 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG)

The objective of this study was to assess the risk of genotoxicity caused due to oxidative stress using plasma and urinary levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in farm workers for six months during a growing season. Blood and urine samples were collected once a month for six months (June to November 2003) from farm workers (n = 15) and urban unexposed controls (n = 10). Plasma and urinary levels of 8-OHdG were evaluated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. There was no significant difference in the urinary levels of 8-OHdG between the farm workers and the control group, but there was an approximately four-fold increase in mean values of plasma 8-OHdG levels in the farm worker group (P ≤ 0.05).     

碱溶液中DMPO-OH加合物EPR信号形成研究

为考察碱溶液中DMPO-OH加合物的形成情况及其影响因素,以NaOH溶液为对象,利用EPR（electron paramagnetic resonance,电子顺磁共振）技术,通过DMPO（5,5-二甲基-1-吡咯啉-N-氧化物）自旋捕获,对不同条件下NaOH溶液中DMPO-OH加合物的形成及变化规律进行研究,探讨DMPO-OH加合物的生成过程及降解过程反应机制.结果表明:①将DMPO添加到碱溶液中后,在EPR内检测到典型的DMPO-OH四重特征峰（1:2:2:1）,说明碱溶液中形成了DMPO-OH加合物.②紫外光激发下,碱溶液体系能产生更强的DMPO-OH加合物特征信号,暗反应体系次之,可见光条件下最弱.③体系中DMPO-OH加合物的生成与碱溶液浓度密切相关,当c（NaOH）由0.001 mol/L增至2 mol/L时,DMPO-OH加合物的EPR信号峰呈先增后减最终几乎消失的变化趋势.④紫外光照时间对体系中DMPO-OH加合物的存在影响显著,随着光照时间的延长,DMPO-OH加合物的浓度并没有逐渐增高,而是更加倾向于逐渐降低的趋势,这可能是由于形成的DMPO-OH加合物在短时间内被淬灭或分解.⑤碱溶液中DMPO-OH加合物的生成过程为瞬态过程,降解过程占主导,并且紫外光在其生成及降解过程中发挥了重要作用.研究显示,当c（DMPO）为350 mmol/L、c（NaOH）为0.1 mol/L、紫外光照时间为15 min时,碱溶液中DMPO-OH加合物的EPR信号最佳.      

Fetal and maternal progenitor cells in co-culture respond equally to erythropoietin

To explore potentially selective growth conditions for fetal cells in cultures from the blood of pregnant women, we investigated if fetal and adult erythroid progenitors with different hemoglobin expression programs are differentially responsive to erythropoietin (EPO). Co-cultures of clonogenic cells from 12-week fetal and adult peripheral blood were established, and the development of erythropoietic cells was monitored using flow cytometric profiles of correlated cellular contents of fetal and adult hemoglobin (HbF and HbA, respectively). Adult nucleated red cells were classified as F+A−, F+A+ or F−A+. All fetal cells were F+A−. The population of F+A− cells was flow-sorted and fetal cells were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using chromosome-specific probes. Delayed EPO addition revealed that all types of erythroid cells entered the EPO-dependent phase with similar kinetics, beginning at about Day 4. The data suggest that fetal and adult erythroid stem/progenitor cells have the same initial maturation kinetics in culture independent of their hemoglobin chain expression program. Fetal and adult cells with different hemoglobin profiles also showed similar EPO dose–response curves, determined for different intervals during the first 2 weeks of culture. Thus, the kinetics of entry into the phase of EPO dependence, as well as the sensitivity to EPO at various stages of development, are essentially the same for erythropoietic progenitor cells derived from adult and early fetal blood, which rules out the possibility of using the timing or concentration of EPO for the selective growth of fetal cells from the blood of pregnant women. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.