An assessment of safety climate,job satisfaction and turnover intention relationships using a national sample of workers from the USA

The association between safety climate, job satisfaction and turnover intention has not been thoroughly researched. This research is needed so that safety researchers and practitioners can begin to delineate the impact of safety on organizational and business outcomes. A path analysis was completed using data from a national sample of workers from the USA (n?=?1525). The overall fit of the model was excellent and analyses determined that both training and resource adequacy positively affected safety climate and job satisfaction. Safety climate also positively influenced job satisfaction. Both safety climate and job satisfaction were negatively associated with respondents’ turnover intention. In the study, the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention is reiterated in a sample of workers across many industries. This study is novel because it is one of the first studies to confirm that turnover intention is reduced with increased safety climate in a diverse sample of workers.     

公众灾害风险可接受性与避灾意愿的初探——以川渝地区旱灾风险为例

在综述前人研究的基础上,以川渝地区旱灾为例,通过实地调查与访谈,从公众可接受的旱灾损失与频率、假定旱灾风险情景下的避险意愿等角度,对公众旱灾风险可接受性进行了初步探讨。结果表明,公众合理可接受的旱灾损失与频率分别在26.5%~52.8%与32.0%~64.3%区间范围内;并以一般旱灾、严重旱灾风险情景为限制线,确定了公众合理可接受风险区域;随着灾害损失风险增加,公众规避风险投资意愿呈现出中间高两头低的趋势,当灾害损失达到约50%~70%时,公众避险投资意愿达到最高,意愿避险投资占可能损失的比重约为62%。鉴于川渝地区的旱灾形势,今后旱灾风险管理的关键,一是加强对旱灾的监测与预警预报;二是完善旱灾风险的常规化管理,发展高效灌溉农业,充分利用客水资源,完善提高现有农田水网建设;三是积极探索公众-企业-政府多方共同参与的高效风险管理模式。     

Structural equation model of the influence of noise annoyance on miners’ unsafe behavior in coal mines

Miners' unsafe behavior (UB) is the main cause of coal mine accidents. Previous research has suggested that excessive noise in tunnels impacts miners' temperaments and safe production behavior. To explore the influence of noise on UB, four different dimensions of noise annoyance were identified: cognitive, emotional, communication, and physical mechanism annoyance. The coal mine noise annoyance scale, miners' unsafe behavior intention (UBI) scale, and miners’ UB scale were developed according to different dimensions. In the first survey, a total of 200 questionnaires were distributed in the two coal mines, and 193 valid questionnaires were recovered. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and invalid items were removed according to the analysis results to form the final scale. Then, 500 final scales were distributed in two Chinese coal mines, and 482 valid questionnaires were collected. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted by collating the data of the second questionnaire. Based upon the structural equation model (SEM), the SEM of the influence of noise annoyance degree on UB and the path analysis with latent variable path analysis with the latent variables (PA-LVs) mediating model of the effect of UBI on UB were established, and the path coefficients with fitting data of the model were analyzed. The results indicated that the four dimensions of coal mine noise annoyance had a strong positive impact on UB, which was reduced by less noise annoyance. In addition, the Bootstrap method was used to verify the mediating method among the four dimensions of noise annoyance, cognitive annoyance, emotional annoyance, with communication annoyance indirectly affecting UB through UBI. The research results provide theoretical support for reducing the UB of miners and improving coal mine safety levels.     

从环境伦理学的目的性理论看人与自然的价值区别

人是一种精神性的存在者,其生命承载着多重性的价值.人不光具有自然价值,同时还具有精神价值.这正是人类优越于其它生命的地方.环境论理学的目的性理论,是把意识的价值还原到自然的价值上去.它肯定了生命的权利,具有积极的意义.另一方面,它也混淆了人的精神价值与自然价值的区别.     

Perceived enjoyment,concentration, intention,and speed violation behavior: Using flow theory and theory of planned behavior

Objective: Road accidents are an important public health concern, and speeding is a major contributor. Although flow theory (FLT) is a valid model for understanding behavior, currently the nature of the roles and interplay of FLT constructs within the theory of planned behavior (TPB) framework when attempting to explain the determinants of motivations for intention to speed and speeding behavior of car drivers is not yet known. The study aims to synthesize TPB and FLT in explaining drivers of advanced vehicles intentions to speed and speed violation behaviors and evaluate factors that are critical for explaining intention and behavior.

Method: The hypothesized model was validated using a sample collected from 354 fully licensed drivers of advanced vehicles, involving 278 males and 76 females on 2 occasions separated by a 3-month interval. During the first of the 2 occasions, participants completed questionnaire measures of TPB and FLT variables. Three months later, participants' speed violation behaviors were assessed.

Results: The study observed a significant positive relationship between the constructs. The proposed model accounted for 51 and 45% of the variance in intention to speed and speed violation behavior, respectively. The independent predictors of intention were enjoyment, attitude, and subjective norm. The independent predictors of speed violation behavior were enjoyment, concentration, intention, and perceived behavioral control.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that safety interventions for preventing speed violation behaviors should be aimed at underlying beliefs influencing the speeding behaviors of drivers of advanced vehicles. Furthermore, perceived enjoyment is of equal importance to driver's intention, influencing speed violation behavior.     

碳标签对低碳购买意愿的作用路径研究——基于亲社会行为调节的中介效应

降低消费阶段的碳排放量对实现国家“双碳”战略目标具有重要意义。在此背景下,本研究从碳标签出发,引入“亲社会行为”这一变量,提出研究假设并构建了消费者低碳购买意愿的模型,利用调查问卷和结构方程模型进行数据分析,探究碳标签对消费者低碳购买意愿的影响,并分析亲社会行为在其中的调节作用。研究结果显示,碳标签认知、碳标签宣传均直接影响消费者的低碳购买意愿,碳标签公信力对低碳购买意愿没有直接影响;感知价值和购买态度在碳标签相关因素与低碳购买意愿之间起到完全或部分中介作用;亲社会行为在感知价值和购买态度对低碳购买意愿产生中介效应的链路上具有调节作用。基于研究结果,本文从提高消费者碳标签的认知水平、增强碳标签的宣传效果、提升碳标签的公信力、倡导亲社会的低碳行为等方面提出对策建议,以期通过政府、企业和消费者的多方努力,促进消费者积极参与低碳消费,实现消费领域的低碳变革。     

居民电子废物回收行为影响因素的实证研究

基于对350名城市居民的问卷调查结果,运用验证性因子分析方法对居民的电子废物回收行为、行为意向及其影响因素进行了实证研究.结果表明,基于计划行为理论所建立的结构方程模型可以较为有效地诠释有关研究假设,环境知识、舆论宣传和垃圾分类等情境因素对电子废物回收行为具有调节作用.知觉行为控制对于行为意向转化为行为具有非常重要地促进作用,而便利状况则是影响知觉行为控制的重要因素.     

社区管理与服务专业毕业生就业意向调查——以中国环境管理干部学院为例

了解和掌握毕业生的就业意向,对于更好地开展就业指导服务、促进大学生就业起到很重要的作用。从就业地区、就业单位、就业信息渠道等方面,对社区管理与服务专业毕业生的就业意向进行调查和分析,提出应该转变毕业生就业观念,对毕业生进行就业心理指导,学校应积极开拓东南沿海地区就业市场,提高就业指导和服务水平,加强专业建设等对策。     

城市居民垃圾分类行为影响路径研究——差异化意愿与行动

运用计划行为理论和A-B-C理论,结合强政策背景下上海垃圾分类的实际,完善居民生活垃圾分类行为测量量表,改进并区分居民垃圾分类目标意愿和执行意愿,构建城市居民垃圾分类行为影响路径理论模型.基于“2019年上海居民垃圾分类行为”调查数据,覆盖上海16个区县的2555有效样本,运用结构方程模型验证强政策背景下居民环境态度、主观规范和感知行为控制对垃圾分类行为影响路径.结果表明：环境态度、主观规范、感知行为控制分别对居民垃圾分类目标意愿和执行意愿有显著正向的影响.环境态度分别通过目标意愿和执行意愿对垃圾分类行为产生间接效应.主观规范和感知行为控制并没有通过两类意愿对垃圾分类行为产生间接效应.垃圾分类的政策效能感在目标意愿对垃圾分类行为效应中起到了调节作用.虽然环境态度、主观规范、感知行为控制可以促进公众垃圾分类行为目标意愿和执行意愿的形成,但仅有环境态度可以通过激发公众目标意愿和执行意愿进而形塑居民垃圾分类行为.     

民航安全信息个体自愿报告意愿的影响因素研究

在前人研究成果的基础上,选择认知水平、同事顾虑、上级领导抵触、利己考虑、集体考虑、系统本身、安全文化7个影响因素,并依据SCASS分类标准,将上报意愿分为6个维度(报告提交经验、航空器不良运行或设备缺陷报告提交意愿、自身违规差错报告提交意愿、空防安全事件或隐患报告提交意愿、执行标准或飞行程序困难事件报告提交意愿、同事发生此类事件报告提交意愿),构建并验证个体自愿上报意愿的影响因素模型。研究发现,各类事件上报意愿分别受到不同的因素影响,其中,认知水平和安全文化对上报意愿起到正向影响,其他影响因素起到负向影响。本研究为民航单位针对性提高员工上报意愿提供理论指导。