精品意识在教学过程中的实施

以教师、课程与教材、课堂、科研等要素为出发点,提出了精品意识在教学过程中的实施方法。     

听说能力的首要性及实践

大学英语教学改革的重点是加强以听说能力为核心的语言交际能力的培养。本文分析了我国大学英语教育的现状和存在的问题,强调了听说能力在英语教学中的首要性。并提出了作者本人尝试过的提高听说能力的思路与有效的方法。     

Auditing non-hazardous wastes from golf course operations: moving from a waste to a sustainability framework

This paper provides non-hazardous solid waste audit procedures and bench mark audit data for golf courses (GCs). The paper also demonstrates the narrow scope of solid waste audit data, and the need to move towards a broader auditing scope such as that contained in sustainability auditing frameworks. A case study of Clear Lake Golf Course, located in southwestern Manitoba, Canada was completed. Annual waste generation rates at the GC were estimated to be 46.2 tonnes/year with 83% of this material compostable. Grass clipping material generated from the putting greens accounted for 79% of the waste stream. The GC achieved a solid waste diversion rate of 81% (waste generated not destined for landfill per total waste material generated). A future, realistic target of 97% diversion was also identified. The 7 day audit period was found to be unsuitable for estimating grass clipping generation rates. Implementation of a broader sustainability framework for future audits will harmonize many existing management functions such as solid waste auditing, waste characterizations, pollution prevention, green procurement, customer satisfaction, and the efficiency of the operations.     

新建本科院校安全工程专业数学课程教学改革探讨

以提高安全工程专业人才的综合素质为目标,充分体现学院"突出安全特色"的办学思想,提出对重要公共基础课之一的数学课程进行教学改革的模式。在课程设置上,不断探索安全工程专业数学课程的恰当设置,体现专业性,其内容突出一个"用"字;在教学方法上,充分考虑安全工程专业学生的特点,采用现代化的教学手段和先进的教学方法,从而调动学生学习积极性,发挥其教学主体作用。在考试内容和考核方式方面,需不断创新,考查方式灵活多样,注重对学生解决实际问题能力的考核;加强师资队伍建设,为教学改革提供必要保证。笔者提出的学院安全工程专业数学课程教学改革的新思路和具体做法,可为其他高校尤其是新建本科院校提供有益的参考。     

泗阳县黄河故道滩区综合开发模式研究和实践

1989年以来,泗阳县运用系统工程的方法,对黄河故道滩区洪涝沙碱旱的综合治理和滩区三荒资源的综合开发利用进行了研究和实践,创立了黄河故道滩区综合开发模式,缩短了开发周期,提高了开发效益,为黄淮流域季节性沙土河道滩区的治理开发树立了一个典范。本文将扼要介绍模式的提出、建立和实施效果。     

Estimating Watershed Level Nonagricultural Pesticide Use From Golf Courses Using Geospatial Methods1

Abstract: Limited information exists on pesticide use for nonagricultural purposes, making it difficult to estimate pesticide loadings from nonagricultural sources to surface water and to conduct environmental risk assessments. A method was developed to estimate the amount of pesticide use on recreational turf grasses, specifically golf course turf grasses, for watersheds located throughout the conterminous United States (U.S.). The approach estimates pesticide use: (1) based on the area of recreational turf grasses (used as a surrogate for turf associated with golf courses) within the watershed, which was derived from maps of land cover, and (2) from data on the location and average treatable area of golf courses. The area of golf course turf grasses determined from these two methods was used to calculate the percentage of each watershed planted in golf course turf grass (percent crop area, or PCA). Turf‐grass PCAs derived from the two methods were used with recommended application rates provided on pesticide labels to estimate total pesticide use on recreational turf within 1,606 watersheds associated with surface‐water sources of drinking water. These pesticide use estimates made from label rates and PCAs were compared to use estimates from industry sales data on the amount of each pesticide sold for use within the watershed. The PCAs derived from the land‐cover data had an average value of 0.4% of a watershed with minimum of 0.01% and a maximum of 9.8%, whereas the PCA values that are based on the number of golf courses in a watershed had an average of 0.3% of a watershed with a minimum of <0.01% and a maximum of 14.2%. Both the land‐cover method and the number of golf courses method produced similar PCA distributions, suggesting that either technique may be used to provide a PCA estimate for recreational turf. The average and maximum PCAs generally correlated to watershed size, with the highest PCAs estimated for small watersheds. Using watershed specific PCAs, combined with label rates, resulted in greater than two orders of magnitude over‐estimation of the pesticide use compared to estimates from sales data.     

基于Markov过程理论的矿用通风机系统可靠性研究

结合矿井通风系统中通风机分支系统实际,依据可靠性工程理论中Markov过程理论及相关知识,探讨了矿井通风机系统可靠性分析的新方法;推导出了通风机系统的可靠度及首次故障前平均寿命的计算公式;结合现场实际,进行了实例验证;根据通风机系统可靠性各项主要指标数据,分析了影响通风机系统可靠性的因素.为现场通风技术管理人员进一步掌握矿井通风机的可靠性运行状况提供了参考依据.     

中加高等环境教育比较研究

通过对加拿大大学有关环境专业的教育层次、专业配置和课程设置的分析，并与我国的高等环境教育现状相比，得出了以下结论：环境科学类专业在加拿大高校中设置频度比我国高；从分布特征和培养层次上看，加拿大高校中环境类专业与我国类似，偏工程和综合性，且都以本科—硕士—博士三个层次为主体；从培养方式上看，加拿大高等环境教育与我国在这方面的差异较大，许多经验值得我们借鉴．     

《水污染防治法》的发展历程与成就

着眼于我国的水资源保护,以三部《水污染防治法》的适用及其修订为视角,对其发展历程与成就予以回顾,并对我国水资源的保护法律前景进行展望,为我国水资源法制建设进行了探索。     

噪声监测的全过程质量控制

对于噪声的现场监测工作,提出全过程质量控制,明确总体方案。针对噪声监测的全过程,包括测量前准备、测量进行过程中遇到的各方面细节问题提出解决方法,保证其数据及结果的科学性、有效性。