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Surface modification by physical adsorption of Tween 20 was accomplished on polypropylene microporous membranes (PPMMs). Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the chemical and morphological changes on the membrane surfaces. Water contact angles and relative pure water fluxes were measured. The data showed that the hydrophilic performance for the modified membranes increased with the increase in the adsorption amount of Tween 20 onto the surface or into the pores of polypropylene microporous membranes. To test the antifouling property of the membranes by the adsorption of Tween 20 in a membrane bioreactor (MBR), filtration for active sludge was performed using synthetic wastewater. With the help of the data of water fluxes and the FE-SEM photos of the modified PPMMs before or after operating in a MBR for about 12 d, the PPMMs with monolayer adsorption of Tween 20 showed higher remained flux and stronger antifouling ability than unmodified membrane and other modification membranes studied. 相似文献
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Cr/γ-Al_2O_3对乙酸乙酯的催化燃烧 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
使用浸渍法制备不同负载量的Cr/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂,研究乙酸乙酯的催化燃烧.BET,XRD结果表明,Cr在γ-Al_2O_3上负载存在分散阈值效应,负载量在阈值以下时呈单层分散形式,在超过阈值时Cr形成结晶,实验测得单层分散阈值与理论计算一致.Raman结果表明Cr在单层分散时为Cr~(6+),而在非单层分散时为Cr_2O_3.催化乙酸乙酯燃烧的活性研究显示,阈值效应对催化活性有显著影响:催化活性在单层分散阈值时最好,此时活化能最高,指前因子最大. 相似文献
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单层硅烷负载磁铁矿纳米颗粒的制备及除磷性能 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
研究了N-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷在水溶液中以单层形式负载于磁铁矿纳米颗粒表面的方法,并研究了单分子层硅烷负载磁铁矿纳米颗粒吸附剂(monolayer of silane on magnetite nanoparticles,MSMNPs)的除磷性能.结果表明,在低浓度下(平衡浓度小于300 mg·L~(-1))硅烷在磁铁矿纳米颗粒表面产生单层吸附,而反应温度90℃以上或离子强度0.1 mol·L~(-1)NaCl以上可以使单层硅烷在磁铁矿纳米颗粒表面的覆盖度达到~100%.FTIR和XPS图谱显示负载的硅烷以化学键的形式与磁铁矿纳米颗粒表面相结合.单层硅烷负载不引起磁性强度的明显变化.MSMNPs对磷的吸附等温线更符合Langmuir模型,拟合得到的最大吸附量为7.59 mg·g~(-1).由于磷吸附位位于MSMNPs的最外面,磷的吸附及脱附均很快,30 min内达到90%以上,1 h内达到平衡.因此,MSMNPs是一种易分离因而可反复使用,并且可快速吸附与脱附污染物的新型吸附剂. 相似文献
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选择性催化还原NOx的V2O5/TiO2催化剂特性研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用浸渍法制备了V2 O5/TiO2 催化剂 ,研究了浸渍液和催化剂的红外光谱。利用XRD研究了催化剂中V2 O5的含量和晶相情况 ,V2 O5在催化剂载体表面呈单层分布 ,单层分布实验阈值为 7% ;利用程序升温 (TPD)法研究了NH3在催化剂表面上的脱附 ,起峰温度为40 9K ,峰顶温度为 487K ,出现一个化学脱附峰 相似文献
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基于层层累积自组装法将胆碱氧化酶和胆碱酯酶逐层固定在电极表面,制备了电流型水质有机磷检测化学传感器。讨论了自组装膜层数、pH值、温度对传感器电流响应的影响。制备的化学传感器对有机磷在浓度10^-9~10^-5mol/L呈良好的线性响应,检出限为1×10^-10mol/L。传感器的稳定性好,30天时的响应值仍保持90%。 相似文献
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Lidia Zapór Jolanta Skowroń Małgorzata Gołofit-Szymczak 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1):121-129
The cytotoxic effects of volatile and water-insoluble organic solvents (ethylbenzene, tetrachloroethylene, n-hexane) were tested on isolated hepatocytes in monolayer culture by using the 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. All of the tested compounds inhibited metabolic activity of hepatocytes and this effect depended on the concentration of solvents in the incubatory medium. The presence of fetal calf serum in the medium did not change the cytotoxicity of xenobiotics. IC50 values calculated on the basis of the MTT assay indicated that ethylbenzene was more cytotoxic than tetrachloroethylene and n-hexane. Using hepatocyte monolayer culture and the MTT assay to assess cytotoxicity of organic solvents causes many technical problems. It seems that it cannot be used as a rapid, cheap, and credible method. 相似文献
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采用不同浓度的溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)溶液对天然沸石进行改性,制备得到了单层和双层CPB改性沸石,并通过批量吸附实验考察了这两种CPB改性沸石对水中菲的去除作用.结果表明,单层和双层CPB改性沸石对水中菲均具备良好的吸附能力.CPB改性沸石对水中菲的去除率随吸附剂投加量的增加而增加,而CPB改性沸石对水中菲的单位吸附量随吸附剂投加量的增加而降低.CPB改性沸石对水中菲的吸附动力学过程满足准二级动力学模型.CPB改性沸石对水中菲的吸附平衡数据可以采用线性模型和Freundlich模型加以描述.CPB改性沸石对水中菲的吸附过程是一个自发和放热的过程.单层CPB改性沸石吸附水中菲的机制主要是疏水作用,双层CPB改性沸石吸附水中菲的机制主要是有机相分配作用.当双层CPB改性沸石的CPB负载量为单层CPB改性沸石的CPB负载量的2倍时,前者对水中菲的吸附能力略微强于后者.以上结果表明,双层和单层CPB改性沸石均可以用于水中菲的去除;为节约成本,单层CPB改性沸石与双层CPB改性沸石相比更适合用于水中菲的去除. 相似文献
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