分层开采工艺对地表沉降的影响研究

分层开采是厚煤开采的经典工艺,这种工艺对地表沉降的影响比较复杂。通过测试原岩物理力学参数,利用有限元软件flac3D对分层和一次采全高时地表沉降进行了数值模拟。结果表明,如果采高较小,砌体梁距煤层较近,且采完上分层后长时间停采,给顶板再生留足时间,分层开采较一次采全高对地表沉降影响要小。     

Characterization of microbial communities from coastal waters using microarrays

Molecular methods, including DNA probes, were used to identify and enumerate pathogenic Vibrio species in the Chesapeake Bay; our data indicated that Vibrio vulnificus exhibits seasonal fluctuations in number. Our work included a characterization of total microbial communities from the Bay; development of microarrays that identify and quantify the diversity of those communities; and observation of temporal changes in those communities. To identify members of the microbial community, we amplified the 16S rDNA gene from community DNA isolated from a biofilm sample collected from the Chesapeake Bay in February, 2000. The resultant 75 sequences were 95% or more similar to 7 species including two recently described Shewanella species, baltica and frigidimarina, that have not been previously isolated from the Chesapeake. When the genera of bacteria from biofilm after culturing are compared to those detected by subcloning amplified 16S fragments from community DNA, the cultured sample exhibited a strong bias. In oysters collected in February, the most common bacteria were previously unknown. Based on our 16S findings, we are developing microarrays to detect these and other microbial species in these estuarine communities. The microarrays will detect each species using four distinct loci, with the multiple loci serving as an internal control. The accuracy of the microarray will be measured using sentinel species such as Aeromonas species, Escherichia coli, and Vibrio vulnificus. Using microarrays, it should be possible to determine the annual fluctuations of bacterial species (culturable and non-culturable, pathogenic and non-pathogenic). The data may be applied to understanding patterns of environmental change; assessing the health of the Bay; and evaluating the risk of human illness associated with exposure to and ingestion of water and shellfish.     

单级与两级序批式反应器用于牛场污水处理的比较研究

对序批式反应器 (SBR)的特点进行了简要的介绍。研究了水力停留时间和有机负荷率对单级和两级SBR用于牛场污水处理时污染物去除率和出水水质的影响 ,并对单级和两级SBR的污水处理性能进行了比较。研究结果表明 ,当用单级SBR处理 10 0 0 0mg LCODCr的污水时 ,1d水力停留时间即可获得较好的处理效果 ,但出水中仍含有一定量的氨。两级SBR可使用较短的水力停留时间而获得较高的污染物去除率和较好的出水水质 ,并可通过硝化过程实现氨的完全的去除     

论环境科技发展对国际贸易的影响

文章通过对世界环境发展形势以及环境科技发展特点的剖析，结合国内外实例深入探讨并阐述了环境科技发展对国际贸易关系的重大影响。文章认为国际贸易格局将迅速发生变革，提出了我国应采取的法规、政策、标准、技术等方面的对策。     

废气污染控制高新技术的研究与应用

列举了大量的事实，重点介绍了几种高新技术在废气污染控制中的研究与应用，说明了向环保发展迟缓领挑战依赖于科学技术，而环保的发展又向科学技术提出了更高的要求。     

脉动跟踪除尘技术的应用研究

针对粉粒状物料在散装发送过程中 ,容易引起粉尘飞扬的问题 ,利用现代脉动跟踪技术和表面过滤技术 ,设计研制的除尘系统 ,始终将吸尘罩与料堆扬尘点的动态相对位置控制在合理的范围内 ,实现了粉粒状物流连续自动的、环保高效作用     

异重流化床垃圾焚烧炉设计和中试运行

设计每天焚烧10t的流化床垃圾焚烧炉,对布气装置进行了创新设计并制作了中试炉。对生活垃圾加燃料和不加燃料两种条件进行了工艺试验,当生活垃圾湿基低位热值小于3500kJ·kg-1时,加20%煤燃料,焚烧烟气温度可达900℃,烟气排放符合环保标准。     

等离子体技术在固体废弃物处理中的应用

简要介绍了等离子体的相关概念及其处理污染物的工作原理，阐述了等离子体技术在固体废弃物治理方面的应用研究概况，并对等离子体在固体废弃物治理中的应用作了市场前景分析，说明了该技术在固体废弃物治理中具有一定的应用前景。     

新疆宝浪油田污水达标回注技术应用

新疆宝浪油田污水处理原来采用外排方式,严重污染了周边环境。为此,通过对处理工艺进行的改进,对分散自控系统的升级改造及对处理药剂进行了重新筛选。改造后终端出口水质的悬浮物由200 mg/L下降到3.93 mg/L,去除率为96%,含油量由200 mg/L降为0.79 mg/L,去除率为99%,含铁为3.9 mg/L,细菌总数为4.5个/mL,硫酸盐还原菌为4.5个/mL,处理后的污水水质达到了《碎屑岩油藏注水水质推荐指标及分析方法》标准回注要求。