广西南部三叠纪强过铝质火成岩岩石化学特征的动力学意义

为深化对广西南部地区印支期造山运动深部动力学机制的理解,采用该地区三叠纪强过铝质火成岩的岩石化学数据提取其源区熔融温度以及成分特征方面的信息。结果显示:广西南部三叠纪强过铝质火成岩属于高钾钙碱性系列,形成于印支期后碰撞构造背景中。它们的Al2O3/TiO2小于100,CaO/Na2O多数大于0 3、少数小于0 3。同时,这些强过铝质火成岩的Al2O3/TiO2与其SiO2含量有正相关趋势,而CaO/Na2O与SiO2含量呈明显的负相关关系。这些岩石化学特征表明,强过铝质火成岩部分源于泥质岩的部分熔融,部分源于砂岩或正变质岩的部分熔融,但不排除后者可能是泥质岩部分熔融产物和玄武质岩浆相混合的结果;同时这些强过铝质火成岩形成源区的温度高(>=875℃)。因此,广西南部三叠纪时期的深部能量来自以底侵玄武岩浆加热作用所体现出来的软流圈地幔的平流热传递过程。     

Tectonic evolution of the Aravalli orogen (NW India): an inverted Proterozoic rift basin?

The Aravalli mountain range (AMR) in the northwestern part of the Indian Peninsula consists of two main Proterozoic metasedimentary and metaigneous sequences, the Aravalli and Delhi Supergroups, respectively, which rest over the Archaean gneissic basement. A synthesis and reinterpretation of the available geological, geochronological and geophysical data, including results of own field work and geophysical interpretations pertaining to the AMR, indicate its origin as an inverted basin: rifting into granitoid basement began ca. 2.5; Ga ago with Aravalli passive rifting (ca. 2.5–2.0 Ga) and Delhi active rifting (ca. 1.9–1.6 Ga). Associated mafic igneous rocks show both continental and oceanic tholeiitic geochemistry and are comparable with Phanerozoic, rift-related magmatic products. Available data showed no conclusive evidence for oceanic lithoshere and island-arc/active margin magmatic activity in the AMR. Subsequent inversion and orogeny (Delhi orogeny, ca. 1.5-1.4 Ga) lead to complex deformation and metamorphism. Only in the western and central zones has the basement been involved in this mid-Proterozoic (Delhi) deformation, whereas it is unaffected in the eastern part, except for local shear zones mainly along the basement/cover interface. The grade of metamorphism increases from the greenschist facies in the east to the amphibolite facies in the west with local HP assemblages. These latter are explained by rapid burial and exhumation of thin and cool continental lithosphere. Subsequently, during a final, mild phase of inversion, the Vindhyan basins consisting mainly of sandstones, limestones and shales, flanking the AMR formed which are comparable to foreland basins. The tectonic evolution of the AMR is therefore interpreted as an example of a major inverted continental rift and of a Proterozoic intra-continental orogen.     

下扬子区中晚元古界沉积建造特征、构造运动及其演化

下扬子区中上元古界,可以分为四个构造层次.中元古界早期构造层,为一套巨厚的地槽型火山碎屑岩及砂泥质复理石建造,形成于1900-1400Ma;中元古界晚期构造层,为滨海——浅海——半深海砂泥质复理石建造.形成于1400-1000Ma;晚元古界早期构造层,为山前凹地或山间盆地磨拉石堆积,形成于1000-800Ma;晚元古界晚期(震旦系)构造层,则为砂泥质、硅质、碳酸盐岩夹冰碛砾岩建造,形成于800-600Ma.这些构造层之间不同形式的接触关系都代表着不同性质的构造运动,九岭群和修水间的修水运动,形成扬子准地台的雏型;上溪群和历口群邓家组间的祁门运动是形成扬子准地台的主褶皱幕;历口群铺岭组和震且系间的休宁运动,只使地壳抬升.这些不同性质的构造运动,也是推动地质历史演化的主要动力.     

华东地区前寒武纪主要地质事件及构造演化

通过对地层分区与板块构造关系的分析,依据华东地区前寒武纪地质事件主要特点及划分原则．在充分了解现代构造观和基本地质事实基础上,建议将华东地区“晋宁运动二幕”改为“休宁上升‘”;“栏杆运动”和“霍丘运动”改为“栏杆上升”和“霍丘上升”．因为它们不具备造山运动性质。通过对新太古代末蚌埠运动、古元古代末龙川运动、迪口运动,中元古代末凤阳运动、青白田纪内部神功运动的特点分析,认为区内经历了新太古代陆核的生成;占元占代褶皱变质和混合岩化;凤阳运动和神功运动造成了华北古板块、扬子古板块和华夏古板块的拼合等演化阶段;并发生了四次造山运动和三次裂陷运动。     

秦岭造山带碰撞及碰撞后侵入岩地球化学特征

以洛南-栾川断裂、商丹板块缝合带和勉略板块缝合带为界，从北到南将研究区依次划分为：华北板块南缘构造岩浆区（简称SC岩区）、北秦岭构造岩浆区（简称NQ岩区）、南秦岭构造岩浆区（简称SQ岩区）、西秦岭构造岩浆区（简称WQ岩区）。依据各构造岩浆区内碰撞及碰撞后侵入岩的化学成分及出露面积，估算了各构造岩浆区及整个研究区碰撞及碰撞后侵入岩的平均化学成分。研究结果表明，各构造岩浆区碰撞及碰撞后侵入岩的平均化学成分相当于花岗岩；由南向北碰撞及碰撞后侵入岩微量元素含量的变化规律类似于区域地壳元素丰度的变化规律．从早到晚．从西向东碰撞及碰撞后侵入岩岩浆朝着富硅、富碱方向演化，逐渐显示出A型花岗岩的特点。