灰色协调度模型在产业用水系统分析中的应用

揭示产业用水系统的时空动态发展规律，探讨其内部的协调关系，是开展节水型社会建设规划，实现水资源可持续利用的关键。然而，目前对产业用水系统的协调性分析还缺乏较为有效的理论和方法。以往在利用协调度模型进行用水系统有序度研究时，通常采用两段叙述的线性分段函数表示，较不适用于描述产业用水系统内部要素的非线性结构。因此，针对产业用水系统的特性，利用灰关联原理建立有序度函数，以建立更适于用水系统分析的灰色协调度模型。利用该模型对上海市1997~2005年产业用水系统进行实证研究，结果显示：上海市产业用水系统基本有序，发展比较协调，其用水综合效益较大，但距离最优状态尚有潜力可挖；其中，农业用水子系统的发展较为欠缺，在未来用水规划中应予以重视。     

Modeling of non-point source pollution in a Mediterranean drainage basin

SWAT ver. 2000 was used to predict hydrographs, and sediment, nitrate and total phosphorus loadings from a 1349 km² mountainous/agricultural watershed in Northern Greece. The model was calibrated and verified using continuous meteorological data from eight stations within the drainage area, and runoff, sediment and nutrient concentrations measured at nine stations located within the main tributaries of the watershed, for the time period from May 1st, 1998 to January 31st, 2000. Model validation methodology and resulting input parameters appropriate for Mediterranean drainage basins are presented. Predicted by the model hydrographs, sedimentographs and pollutographs are plotted against observed values and show good agreement. Model performance is evaluated using the root mean square error computation and scattergrams of predicted versus observed data. The validated model is also used to test the effectiveness of three alternative cropping scenarios in reducing nutrient loadings from the agricultural part of the watershed. The study showed that this model, if properly validated, can be used effectively in testing management scenarios in Mediterranean drainage basins.     

中国海洋大气监测方案的设想

概述了国内外海洋大气环境监测的基本情况，提出了我国开展海洋大气环境监测的必要性，在我国开展海洋大气环境监测必须解决的几个新课题，并根据国家海洋局《海洋大气监测方案》（讨论稿）提出了我国开展海洋大气监测的设想。     

生物转盘动力学分析与数学模式探讨

通过对生产性四级生物转 盘进出水中主要污染指标及生物膜特性指标的分析测定，进行了ＢＯＤ５、ＣＯＤ和挥发酚等污染指标在转盘系统中的降解反应动力学分析，确定了上述污染指标的降解反应级数、反应速率常数及动力８学方程式，为寻求能够揭示转盘净化反应实质及其影响因素且简便实用的设计计算公式，根据物料平衡原理和莫诺（Ｍｏｎｏｄ）关系式推导出了能够揭示转 盘净化反应实质及其影响因素且简便实用的设计计算公式，根据关     

河流枯水流量特征研究

本文以泾、洛、渭三河流干流在陕西境内的主要控制断面为例,分析了１４个时段枯水流量的概率分布特征,选定了理论分布线型,揭示了各枯水序列的时段平均流量均值、变差系数和偏态系数的变化规律,建立了推求不同频率不同时段的枯水流量的经验公式。绘制了相应的关系曲线,应用十分方便。     

Geological CO2 Storage as a Climate Change Mitigation Option

Carbon dioxide (CO₂₎ capture and storage is increasingly being considered as an important climate change mitigation option. This paper explores provisions for including geological CO₂ storage in climate policy. The storage capacity of Norway's Continental Shelf is alone sufficient to store a large share of European CO₂ emissions for many decades. If CO₂ is injected into oil reservoirs there is an additional benefit in terms of enhanced oil recovery. However, there are significant technical and economic challenges, including the large investment in infrastructure required, with related economies of scale properties. Thus CO₂ capture, transportation and storage projects are likely to be more economically attractive if developed on a large scale, which could mean involving two or more nations. An additional challenge is the risk of future leakages from storage sites, where the government must take on a major responsibility. In institutional and policy terms, important challenges are the unsettled status of geological CO₂ storage as a policy measure in the Kyoto Protocol, lack of relevant reporting and verification procedures, and lack of decisions on how the option should be linked to the flexibility mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol. In terms of competitiveness with expected prices for CO₂ permits under Kyoto Protocol trading, the relatively high costs per tonne of CO₂ stored means that geological CO₂ storage is primarily of interest where enhanced oil recovery is possible. These shortcomings and uncertainties mean that companies and governments today only have weak incentives to venture into geological CO₂ storage.     

基于集集地震的建筑物易损性统计分析

文章收集了台湾921集集地震的强地震动和震害调查资料，利用统计分析的方法，分析了建筑物破坏的数量、震中距、地表加速度之间的关系，对集集地震做了基于地震动参数的易损性初步分析。     

高锰酸盐指数测定中校正系数K值的变化验证

运用数理统计方法,验证了高锰酸盐指数测定的校正系数K值在4～5h内不会随时间和水样的变化而变化,K值不必每个样品都测定。     

Microwave digestion method in environmental analysis

Ｍｉｃｒｏｗａｖｅｄｉｇｅｓｔｉｏｎｍｅｔｈｏｄｉｎｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ￥ＺｈａｎｇＹｕｅ（ＷａｄｓｗｏｒｔｈＣｅｎｔｒｅ，ＮｅｗＹｏｒｋＳｔａｔｅＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＨｅａｌｔｈＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆＰｕｂｌｉｃＨｅａｌｔｈ，Ｓ...     

医院传染病污水处理技术探讨

以杭州市第六人民医院的污水处理设施为例，阐述了医院传染病污水处理技术的基本思路，并进而探讨了其消毒参数选择和处理的经济性，总结了还存在的问题及解决途径。