全文获取类型
收费全文 | 392篇 |
免费 | 33篇 |
国内免费 | 118篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 18篇 |
废物处理 | 1篇 |
环保管理 | 137篇 |
综合类 | 234篇 |
基础理论 | 37篇 |
污染及防治 | 18篇 |
评价与监测 | 9篇 |
社会与环境 | 46篇 |
灾害及防治 | 43篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 19篇 |
2017年 | 29篇 |
2016年 | 21篇 |
2015年 | 27篇 |
2014年 | 21篇 |
2013年 | 34篇 |
2012年 | 31篇 |
2011年 | 31篇 |
2010年 | 23篇 |
2009年 | 13篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 30篇 |
2006年 | 24篇 |
2005年 | 15篇 |
2004年 | 14篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 17篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有543条查询结果,搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
湖北省2008年初低温雨雪冰冻过程气候特征分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
2008年初,湖北省出现了严重的低温雨雪冰冻灾害,直接经济损失高达110亿元以上,有必要对灾害期间的气候特征进行系统、科学的分析和总结。对湖北省76个气象站2008年1月12日~2月3日气温、降水(雪)、日照以及低温持续日数等要素进行时空间差异分析及历史与同期比较,并选取10个代表站历史上所有低温雨雪天气过程,对其过程持续低温日数、最长连续雨雪日数、过程极端低温进行比较分析。结果表明:(1)此次过程的平均气温异常偏低,该省大部为-1~-2℃,比常年同期偏低4~6℃,为各站历史同期最低,其中主要是最高气温异常偏低所致,但极端低温并不低;(2)降雪过程频繁,雨雪量异常偏多;(3)低温冰冻持续时间长,该省大部在16~22 d,位于历史第一;(4)日照异常偏少。持续而稳定的大气环流异常形势是湖北省大范围低温雨雪天气的直接原因。 相似文献
2.
海绵城市地块汇水区颗粒污染物的传输 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前我国海绵工程建设多集中在地块汇水区单元内开展,通过多个低影响开发(LID)设施协同完成地表径流水质水量的调控,但基于地块汇水区尺度下城市面源污染的产生和控制效果鲜有报道.本研究比较分析了不同硬化率地块汇水单元内的面源颗粒污染物晴天累积、降雨冲刷、地表径流及径流输出负荷状况.结果表明,地块汇水单元内硬质路面是面源颗粒污染物贡献的最主要的下垫面类型,中硬化率(61.1%)地块和高硬化率(73.6%)地块路面街尘累积量分别约占汇水区单元的88.4%(2.22~12.51 g·m~(-2))和90.1%(4.99~33.43 g·m~(-2)),对径流SS的输出贡献比率分别约为91.7%(0.97~7.34 g·m~(-2))和90.5%(0.92~18.77 g·m~(-2)),降雨径流SS污染负荷占比分别约为95.2%和83.1%,经LID设施处理后输出径流污染负荷约为地表径流的24.0%和40.2%.硬质路面的街尘晴天累积及降雨冲刷以150μm为主,地表径流及输出径流则以50μm粒径段为主,同时地块不透水比例的增加,细粒径(105μm)颗粒物的累积及冲刷分布增大(24.4%和106.4%),而粒径50μm的颗粒物在路面径流中的分布减小(12.4%).屋面的街尘累积、冲刷及降雨径流的粒径分布状况与硬质路面大致相似,但中硬化率地块(1 000μm)和高硬化率地块(250~450μm、45μm)在3个粒径段范围的颗粒物累积和冲刷相较于路面街尘粒径分布明显增加(1 000μm:58.1%和108.5%; 250~450μm:72.9%和41.8%;45μm:59.2%和64.8%).以上结果揭示了颗粒污染物在地块汇水区尺度下的污染全过程(累积-冲刷-输出)分布及LID设施对地块整体SS污染负荷的控制效果,可为地块汇水单元内LID设施工程绩效的科学评估提供重要参考. 相似文献
3.
4.
Tarhule Aondover Woo Ming-ko 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2002,7(3):215-237
Domestic and agro-economic activities in the semi-arid region of Nigeria rely exclusively on rainfall, streamflow and groundwater in deep and alluvial (fadama) aquifers. Such water supply systems are subject to considerable seasonal and inter-annual variability. However, a combination of the various sources may mitigate the effects of water scarcity. This study describes the dynamics of the water sources for a village in northeastern Nigeria as an example that demonstrates the linkages between rainfall, streamflow and groundwater. Such linkages are important for developing strategies to mitigate the effects of climatic variation. Long-term records of rainfall were not available at the site so that the short-term data was interpreted in the context of the long-term climatic experience of the region. The stratigraphic profile of the aquifer was developed from resistivity methods, to supplement information obtained from well level hydrographs. Field observations and analysis of the data reveal that the beginning of the rainy season is a precarious period because none of the water sources are reliable. Rainfall infiltration recharges the shallow aquifers while lateral water flux from the floodwater-saturated fadama also contributes to water level rises in the deep wells. A study of the water level changes in response to deepening of the wells suggests that the wells are fed by an assortment of water-bearing lenses, separated by layers of low transmissivity. One major finding of this study is that there exists a close association between the wells in this riparian community and the recharge processes within the fadama. Upstream diversion, abstraction or impoundment could therefore undermine the viability of aquifer exploitation by the communities in the riparian zone. Analysis of the interactions among the various sources of water leads to the identification of several potential adaptation strategies for confronting the problem of water scarcity. 相似文献
5.
6.
James L. Clayton Walter F Megahan 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1997,33(3):689-703
ABSTRACT: Natural rates of surface erosion on forested granitic soils in central Idaho were measured in 40 m2 bordered erosion plots over a period of four years. In addition, we measured a variety of site variables, soil properties, and summer rainstorm intensities in order to relate erosion rates to site attributes. Median winter erosion rates are approximately twice summer period rates, however mean summer rates are nearly twice winter rates because of infrequent high erosion caused by summer rainstorms. Regression equation models and regression tree models were constructed to explore relationships between erosion and factors that control erosion rates. Ground cover is the single factor that has the greatest influence on erosion rates during both summer and winter periods. Rainstorm intensity (erosivity index) strongly influences summer erosion rates, even on soils with high ground cover percentages. Few summer storms were of sufficient duration and intensity to cause rilling on the plots, and the data set was too small to elucidate differences in rill vs. interrill erosion. The regression tree models are relatively less biased than the regression equations developed, and explained 70 and 84 percent of the variability in summer and winter erosion rates, respectively. 相似文献
7.
8.
Barry D. Keim Gregory E. Faiers 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1996,32(1):117-124
ABSTRACT: In most studies, quantile estimates of extreme 24-hour rainfall are given in annual probabilities. The probability of experiencing an excessive storm event, however, differs throughout the year. As a result, this paper explored the differences between heavy rainfall distributions by season in Louisiana. It was concluded by using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests that the distribution of heavy rainfall events differs significantly between particular seasons at the sites near the Gulf Coast. Furthermore, seasonal frequency curves varied dramatically at the four sites examined. Mixed distributions within these data were not found to be problematic, but the mechanisms that produced the events were found to change seasonally. Extreme heavy rainfall events in winter and spring were primarily generated by frontal weather systems, while summer and fall events had high proportions of events produced by tropical disturbances and airmass (free-convective) conditions. 相似文献
9.
近百年广西汛期降水的诊断及预测研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文利用奇异谱分析及最大熵谱方法对广西近百年前、后汛期降水进行诊断分析,结果表明:广西前汛期降水主要存在20-30年的长期变化、2~3年左右的准两年振荡及12-16年左右的年代际变化;后汛期降水除存在明显下降趋势外,还存在20-30年的长期变化、2-3年左右的准两年振荡及4年左右振荡周期。且各主要振荡模振幅有明显的低频振荡特征,在不同时段里表现有强有弱。结合白回归方法对重建分最预测的基础上进行降水趋势预测,从1998-2005年预测结果来看,效果较好。 相似文献
10.
哈尔滨等几个城市气候变化的对比分析 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
应用距平分析和Morlet小波变换方法对哈尔滨、石家庄、武汉、广州等4个城市1951—2004年的年均气温和夏季降水进行了对比分析,结果发现,这4个城市:(1)近50多a来气温基本上都是呈逐渐升温趋势,升温幅度都在1℃以上,其中哈尔滨的气温年变化比其他3个城市剧烈;(2)气温年代际演变特征非常明显,存在10~25a尺度的变化,在20世纪80年代前期发生气候突变;(3)近50多a夏季降水变化趋势不太一致,在空间分布上表现为波列特征;(4)夏季降水年代际变化特征非常明显,都存在10a左右尺度变化;(5)降水变化趋势与气温变化趋势不一致。 相似文献