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城市地区毒气扩散事故数值模拟 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
在城市人口密集区域,一旦发生重大危险气体泄露事故,周围居民将处境危险。由于城市特殊的街道街谷影响,用普通的方法难以精确计算出场的时空分布,大涡模拟(Large Eddy Simulation)虽然较为精确,但对计算机计算能力要求较高。针对于此,可以通过一些方法,例如贴体网格分析、卫星遥感技术,局部网格加密技术,改进大涡模型的计算条件,考虑泄漏事故一旦发生时,道路、房屋、气候对于气体扩散的影响,对事故的致灾机理从动力学的角度进行研究。在箅例中,通过分析城市地区庙会时的一起事故.模拟气体扩散浓度的时空分布,得出城市地区各个地区的不同受灾程度。通过算例我们看到,数值模拟能够为进一步安全规划、灾害预防、应急反应提供决策支持. 相似文献
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以废铜为原料冶炼贵重金属是资源综合回收利用的有效途径之一,通过对典型废铜冶炼加工企业污染因子产生及排放分析,进行综合回收利用和有效治理,旨在回收贵重金属的同时,减少二次污染,"三废"达标排放,在发展铜加工产业基础上实现铜资源循环利用,达到污染减排的目的。 相似文献
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本研究在已有空气质量站点的基础上,采用多功能、高效、小巧的传感设备进行监测加密,利用大数据的分析机理与空气质量模型的城市计算技术,以海峡西岸城市群中的福州市为示范,建设城市空气质量实时精细化模拟与预报系统。实时分析城市细粒度(1km×1km)的空气质量,有效提高了城市不同地理位置污染物浓度差异性的分辨率,同时对城市空气污染的发展趋势提出预测,为精细化分析污染成因提供基础数据,从而为环境管理提供决策辅助支持、市民出行提供帮助与指导。 相似文献
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E. L. Genikhovich I. G. Gracheva R. I. Onikul E. N. Filatova 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2002,2(5-6):501-512
Urban concentration fields are extremely inhomogeneous andtheir gradients are very high. It results in specificproblems when modelling air pollution at the urban scalethat are analysed in this paper. Some examples ofmisrepresentation of the urban concentration field,computed with the use of the source-receptor type models,are given here. They can help in understanding the natureof the problems we face and reveal deficiencies of thecomputational technologies in use. Filtering of thecomputed fields is suggested as an instrument for improvingtheir quality. Its efficiency is proved on the test runs.An algorithm for refinement of the filtered fields isintroduced in this paper. 相似文献
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A promising strategy for effectively incorporating metal-containing waste materials into a variety of ceramic products was devised in this study. Elemental analysis confirmed that copper was the predominant metal component in the collected electroplating sludge, and aluminum was the predominant constituent of waterworks sludge collected in Hong Kong. The use of waterworks sludge as an aluminum-rich precursor material to facilitate copper stabilization under thermal conditions provides a promising waste-to-resource strategy. When sintering the mixture of copper sludge and the 900 °C calcined waterworks sludge, the CuAl2O4 spinel phase was first detected at 650 °C and became the predominant product phase at temperatures higher than 850 °C. Quantification of the XRD pattern using the Rietveld refinement method revealed that the weight of the CuAl2O4 spinel phase reached over 50% at 850 °C. The strong signals of the CuAl2O4 phase continued until the temperature reached 1150 °C, and further sintering initiated the generation of the other copper-hosting phases (CuAlO2, Cu2O, and CuO). The copper stabilization effect was evaluated by the copper leachability of the CuAl2O4 and CuO via the prolonged leaching experiments at a pH value of 4.9. The leaching results showed that the CuAl2O4 phase was superior to the CuAlO2 and CuO phases for immobilizing hazardous copper over longer leaching periods. The findings clearly indicate that spinel formation is the most crucial metal stabilization mechanism when sintering multiphase copper sludge with aluminum-rich waterworks sludge, and suggest a promising and reliable technique for reusing both types of sludge waste for ceramic materials. 相似文献
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Zafer Yazicigil Gulnare Ahmetli Huseyin Kara Ahmet Kocak 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2006,14(4):353-357
In this study, the waste products of industrial vegetable oil refinement were transformed into the glycidyl ester for preventing the effects of them to the environment, the ways for evaluating them in polymer chemistry were investigated, copolymers having high adhesion property and strength to the thermal destruction were synthesized and the area of their usage was determined. For this reason, the waste product of sunflower oil refination as a vegetable oil in the industry; soap stock (SS) was converted to the unsaturated glycidyl esters by the interaction with epichlorohidrine in the alkaline medium. After that the copolymerization of synthesized unsaturated glycidyl esters and the other waste product of oil refinement fatty acid (FA) with styrene in the radicalic initiator medium were investigated and copolymers that have high strength to the thermal destruction and adhesion property were synthesized. From the results of TGA and DTA analysis, it was determined that synthesized copolymers have low loss of weight at high temperature. The structures of copolymers were fixed by spectral and chemical analysis methods. 相似文献
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