高原环境对直升机旋翼性能的影响分析

针对高原环境直升机旋翼性能的估算,建立了一个基于自由涡理论的旋翼尾迹模型,并推导了旋翼拉力和功率的计算方法。以UH-60黑鹰直升机为算例,分别计算了其在海平面及高原环境的旋翼性能,探讨了海拔高度对直升机旋翼性能的影响规律。计算结果表明,高原环境的气候条件对直升机旋翼性能有显著影响,旋翼拉力较海平面环境减小约30%。     

直升机尾桨叶翼型段疲劳试验技术研究

目的 提升尾桨叶翼型段疲劳试验安装和调试速率,加快考核出尾桨叶翼型段疲劳性能和疲劳寿命。方法 通过标定出尾桨叶翼型段挥舞与摆振标定系数和预扭角,分析出一种通过理论计算出安装攻角的方法,利用理论计算出的攻角指导实际安装攻角,调整攻角值到实际加载满足试验要求的载荷值,在尾桨叶翼型段安装和调试完成后进行了疲劳试验。结果 4件尾桨叶翼型段理论计算攻角值与实际安装攻角进行对比,安装攻角理论值与实际值偏差范围在1.5°以内,并且4件尾桨叶翼型段疲劳试验载荷分布误差小于4%,疲劳性能满足6000飞行小时的疲劳寿命要求。结论 尾桨叶翼型疲劳试验中,理论计算攻角值具有加快估算安装攻角的意义,提升疲劳试验效率,试验调试载荷分布基本一致。经过尾桨叶翼型段疲劳试验验证后,试验件疲劳性能良好且稳定,为后续科研试验转入鉴定试验提供了基础。     

旋翼结冰对直升机悬停性能影响的数值分析

目的 研究旋翼结冰对直升机悬停性能的影响。方法 选取具有充分试验数据的UH-1H直升机为算例,采用Fluent计算旋翼流场,将收敛后的流场文件导入Fensap-ICE中进行水滴撞击和结冰计算,得到结冰后的旋翼外形后,再采用Fluent计算旋翼流场,从而分析旋翼结冰对直升机悬停性能的影响。结果 通过改变结冰条件,分析了不同结冰条件对直升机悬停效率的影响,表明旋翼结冰会显著降低直升机的悬停效率,且随着结冰时间、水滴平均直径(MVD)和液态水含量(LWC)的增大,直升机的悬停效率逐渐降低。结论 不同结冰条件对直升机悬停效率下降趋势的影响不同,随着结冰时间的增大,悬停效率基本呈线性下降,而随着MVD和LWC的增大,悬停效率的下降趋势逐渐变缓,下降幅度逐渐减小。     

转轮吸附法处理有机废气的研究

吸附转轮是一项应用于低浓度、高风量有机废气净化的处理技术,为优化转轮吸附关键工艺参数转速和吸附效率,以模拟甲苯废气为处理对象,采用蜂窝状改性13X分子筛(M-13X)为吸附剂,对比分析固定床和转轮两种吸附实验.结果表明,固定床实验信息可用于转轮吸附系统;依据吸附过程的热质平衡理论,综合废气特性(流速、温度、密度、污染物种类和浓度等)、吸附剂特性(热熔、吸附热、饱和吸附量等)及吸附床结构(床层厚度和密度、吸附区比例等)参数,推导了吸附转轮最佳转速(n opt)及周期去除效率(ηcycle)的数值计算,经与M-13X吸附转轮净化甲苯废气实验数据作比较,验证了所推导数值计算的可靠性.研究结果可为转轮吸附处理有机废气工程的设计和运行控制提供依据.     

无人直升机主桨毂中央件疲劳试验加载技术研究

首先基于2种不同旋翼构型无人直升机主桨毂中央件的结构形式和承载特点,介绍了现代无人直升机中央件疲劳试验加载技术及调试方法。随后对比分析了中央件疲劳试验中2种不同的离心力加载形式,给试验载荷(包括相位、位移和精度等)、试验频率及试验运行状态等方面带来的影响。最后,针对上述分析结果提出解决办法,为优化试验方案,提高试验加载精度,提升试验效率,保障中央件在地面疲劳试验中合理承载、传载及准确评估其结构疲劳寿命等提供了可靠的试验技术支撑,同时也为今后类似结构的主桨毂中央件地面疲劳试验技术发展提供了极有价值的参考和借鉴。     

对转压气机三维掠动叶优化设计

为探索三维掠动叶降低对转压气机二次流损失的潜力,进一步提高对转压气机气动性能,基于近似函数与遗传算法,针对某对转压气机双排转子在整机环境下进行三维掠动叶优化设计,并对优化前后流场进行对比分析。优化成功的得到了双排“S”形掠动叶,结果表明:三维掠动叶有效改善了双排动叶吸力面径向二次流,减小了吸力面低速区,提高了对转压气机性能,优化工况点整机效率提高0.6%,全工况范围内效率均有所提高；三维掠动叶提高对转压气机效率的根本原因是其对径向负荷分配的重新调整,将叶展下方流动较差区域负荷移至叶展上方,改善流场的同时保证对转压气机负荷不变。      

The Influence of Tip Leakage Flow on Flowfields in a Highly Loaded Transonic Rotor with Forward Sweep

A three-dimensional numerical simulation on a highly loaded transonic rotor with zero, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.5 mm tip gap, respectively, is performed in this article. The flowfields above 60% span of transonic rotors are affected by leakage flow, but the stall margin of rotor has obviously improved with small tip gap. Typical leakage vortex structures with double cores are generated by the interaction of incoming flow, leakage flow, and second flow in flowfields, and then the two vortex cores merge into a stronger one in front of shock. The shape of passage shock changes seriously by strong leakage vortex after interaction and a large low-velocity region generates behind shock in tip region. The blockage, produced by leakage flow and boundary layer separation, induces detached shock wave near leading edge of rotors and triggers the rotating stall of compressor. However, with tip gap increasing, the blockage produced by leakage flow tends to be dominant in occurrence of rotating stall. Once the tip clearance adds to 0.5 mm, vortex breakdown in tip region of rotor appears and the flow deteriorates drastically, which aggravates the onset of stall in rotor.     

某350MW汽轮发电机转子不稳定高阻接地故障查找方法及原因分析

介绍了某电厂350MW汽轮发电机转子绕组不稳定高阻多点接地故障的查找方法,接地故障的原因分析,为保证修复质量,除了按预试规程要求进行试验外,结合现场实际提出了“测量转子两极阻抗电压”对比的方法。     

舰载直升机旋翼迎风面防护技术研究进展

舰载直升机是舰载飞机的重要组成部分,但受到舰基恶劣腐蚀环境和旋翼振动载荷的双重作用,直升机旋翼迎风面的损伤成为制约飞行任务顺利进行的重要影响因素。针对该技术难题,概述了某型直升机旋翼迎风面出现的腐蚀现象,从装备维护角度出发,系统归纳了腐蚀发生的原因,并分析了国内外针对此类问题采用的不同腐蚀防护措施及优缺点。在此基础上,提出了对于直升机旋翼迎风面的防腐工作目前面临的挑战及未来研究方向。     

A novel blade design for Savonius wind turbine based on polynomial bezier curves for aerodynamic performance enhancement

ABSTRACT

Advanced wind turbine designs and technologies have been evolved to take advantage of wind energy. Despite the significant progress already attained, the need for a dependable wind energy converter particularly devoted to small-scale applications remains a challenging issue. Due to its design simplicity, Savonius wind turbine is the most suitable candidate for such applications. It operates at low wind speed, with the necessary starting capacity and insensitivity to wind directions. Moreover, in the literature related to wind energy, the Savonius rotor is known for its low performance compared to other types of wind turbines. In this paper, we present a study into the utilization of Bézier curves and transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to optimize the conventional Savonius blade design. The k-ω SST turbulence model is employed to perform a series of CFD simulations in order to assess the power coefficient of each generated design. A validation of optimization results using the Taguchi method was carried out. The comparative analysis of the torque and power coefficients shows a significant increase in the power coefficient (C_p). The optimal C_p is 0.35 and is 29% higher than the conventional Savoniu wind turbine (SWT). Subsequently, the effectiveness of the innovative geometry is proved by improved pressure and velocity distributions around blades of novel design.