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间歇性饥饿对厌氧氨氧化菌混培物保藏特性的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
厌氧条件下,采用4℃、4℃并每隔10 d换1次NO-2-N/NH+4-N浓度比为1.32的基质、4℃并每隔10 d换1次NO-2-N/NH+4-N浓度比为1.63的基质3种方法保藏厌氧氨氧化菌混培物,研究间歇性饥饿对厌氧氨氧化菌混培物保藏特性的影响.结果表明,间歇性饥饿对厌氧氨氧化菌混培物的危害大于长期性饥饿,且亚硝态氮浓度越高危害越大;另厌氧氨氧化菌混培物活性还与血红素c含量有直接相关性,无外界颜色干扰时厌氧氨氧化菌混培物颜色还可直观反映其活性和血红素c含量,且厌氧氨氧化菌混培物的颗粒结构及其富含的胞外多聚物能增强其抵抗外界不利因素的能力.在试验的5个月内,3种方法下的活性衰减速率均先快后趋于稳定,趋于稳定时的三者活性保留率分别为75.3%、70.8%、62.7%. 相似文献
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饥饿对硫自养反硝化反应器生物群落结构的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用颗粒硫磺/白云石和黄铁矿/白云石自养反硝化反应器处理二沉尾水,探究饥饿忍耐对反应器去除效果、微生物群落变化的影响及其性能恢复时间.结果表明,在12~14℃的低温条件下,经过30 d的不进水饥饿忍耐后,颗粒硫磺/白云石和黄铁矿/白云石反应器出水NO_3~--N浓度分别从1.78 mg·L~(-1)、11.32 mg·L~(-1)增加到27.87 mg·L~(-1)、26.56 mg·L~(-1).颗粒硫磺/白云石和黄铁矿/白云石自养反硝化反应器分别在重启后的第5 d和11 d使得NO_3~--N去除性能恢复至饥饿前的水平,并且在低温条件下保持了良好的脱氮效果.MiSeq高通量测序结果表明,2个反应器的细菌群落的丰度和多样性饥饿期均低于恢复期,且优势菌门均为Proteobacteria,主要的纲类为β-Proteobacteria.硫磺/白云石反应器中鉴别出Thiobacillus菌属为主要反硝化类群. 相似文献
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为了确定长期饥饿后连续流一段式部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化(SPNA)工艺的性能恢复情况,采用连续流反应器,考察了在室温下(11~23℃)经历161d饥饿期的SPNA系统性能恢复策略的可行性及脱氮性能和菌群结构变化.通过控制DO浓度及进水氨氮负荷,逐渐实现亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)的抑制和淘汰、氨氧化菌(AOB)和厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)的活性恢复和富集.在68d内系统总氮去除率恢复至72.13%,氨氮去除率恢复至94.75%.微颗粒污泥(3200μm)的占比从42.04%升至60.98%.微生物群落结构分析发现,停止运行161d后系统Candidatus Kuenenia的相对丰度升至25.53%,表现出较强的抵抗饥饿条件的能力,系统恢复后其相对丰度逐渐降低,接近反应器饥饿前水平.AOB的高底物利用能力是系统恢复的前提,AnAOB活性的提高是系统恢复的关键.系统性能的成功恢复表明室温下161d饥饿期对系统造成的影响是可逆的,长期室温下储存SPNA污泥是可行的. 相似文献
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John J. Hidore 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1977,13(4):783-794
ABSTRACT: Drought has been a hazard in parts of Africa throughout historic times, and in all likelihood prior to that time as well. In recent years the hazard of drought has been increasing in frequency and areal extent. A drought that occured from 1968 to 1974 in Sub-Saharan Africa directly affected millions of people, and directly or indirectly cost the lives of tens of thousands of people. The mechanism involved in the widespread problem is the manner of adjustment of the human population to climatic cycles of short duration, in the face of rapidly growing human and animal numbers. A rapid collapse of the grasslands and an expansion of the Sahara Desert southward into more humid areas has resulted from the increasing pressure on the land from largely subsistance farming and herding. Present social, economic, and political conditions indicate that the process is going to continue to accelerate, affecting ever-increasing numbers of people in the Sub-Saharan Africa region. 相似文献
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Thomas C. Peterson Robert C. Ward 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1989,25(2):349-357
ABSTRACT: A bacterial transport model, developed to analyze bacterial translocation in coarse-grained soils, is presented. The complex governing equation is presented first, followed by analyses of each of the major processes influencing bacterial transport. These analyses suggest simplification of the governing equation is feasible when input data on specific processes are limited or unavailable. Model parameters, including bacterial die-off, bacterial distribution, input bacterial concentration, and saturated hydraulic conductivity, were randomly generated using a procedure known to produce either a normal or log-normal distribution of random numbers. Monte Carlo simulations were completed, and the resulting output was used to generate cumulative frequency distributions showing the probability of bacterial transport beyond various soil depths. Results from these simulations indicate that bacteria have a high probability of traveling through coarse-grained soils when low clay content and soil water temperatures limit bacterial retention and die-off. 相似文献
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在室温下(22℃±3℃)用SBR反应器运行SNAD工艺,通过定期延长系统水力停留时间,营造间歇饥饿环境,探讨间歇饥饿策略下SNAD工艺的运行情况.结果表明,系统经过间歇饥饿运行后,好氧阶段末的NO_3~--N浓度降至8. 72 mg·L~(-1),亚硝酸盐积累率达到83. 18%,表明NOB活性得到了有效抑制,实现了亚硝化性能的提高;系统经过间歇饥饿运行后,好氧阶段末的亚氮与氨氮基质的比例得到调整,为后续厌氧氨氧化过程提供了合适底物,使出水氨氮浓度降至1. 0 mg·L~(-1)以下,同时由于出水硝氮浓度降低,总氮去除率达到了92. 07%左右,系统处理性能提高;通过测定功能菌活性,发现饥饿后亚硝化性能提高的主要原因是饥饿期AOB活性衰减速率低于NOB及恢复期前期AOB活性恢复速率显著高于NOB. 相似文献
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以α-蒎烯、乙酸丁酯和邻二甲苯3株高效降解菌为菌源(2株真菌和1株细菌),通过对比单菌单底物和多菌多底物降解效果,确定这3株菌之间不存在抑制效应,可用于构建"真菌-细菌"复合菌剂.考察了复合菌剂与活菌液的降解性能及对饥饿期的响应,结果表明复合菌剂和活菌液均能较完全地降解底物,但经历饥饿期后,复合菌剂对底物仍保持100%的降解率,而活菌液对α-蒎烯和邻二甲苯的去除率只有94.6%和62%.该菌剂具有较好的稳定性,常温保存180 d后对各初始浓度为120 mg·L-1的α-蒎烯、乙酸丁酯和邻二甲苯24 h内去除率为48.2%、95.1%和57.3%.将复合菌剂与活性污泥分别接种于生物过滤塔,复合菌剂能明显缩短生物膜形成时间,接种的反应器对底物总去除率维持在90%左右,而活性污泥只有60%. 相似文献
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