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目的对C/YAG复合材料的烧蚀性能和烧蚀机理进行研究。方法以高固相含量Y_2O_3-Al_2O_3溶胶为原料,低成本的碳纤维针刺毡为增强体,通过浸渍-干燥-热处理工艺制备C/YAG复合材料,利用SEM和XRD对烧蚀后材料的微观结构和物相组成进行分析。结果复合材料的质量烧蚀率和线烧蚀率分别为0.05g/s和0.12 mm/s。结论 C/YAG复合材料高的质量烧蚀率和线烧蚀率主要归因于氧乙炔焰高热流和强剪切力作用。烧蚀后材料的微观形貌可以分为中心区、过渡区和边缘区三个区域。其中烧蚀中心区主要受到热化学腐蚀和机械剥蚀的作用,而过渡区和边缘区主要受到热化学腐蚀和热物理侵蚀的作用。 相似文献
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研究重稀土元素钇(Y(III))对短程反硝化工艺的短期和长期影响.结果表明,1~50mg/L的Y(III)对亚硝酸盐的积累量无明显影响,60~100mg/L的Y(III)会影响硝酸盐的还原和亚硝酸盐的积累.1~10mg/L的Y(III)对细菌活性呈现促进作用,20~100mg/L的Y(III)对细菌活性呈现抑制作用.胞外吸附的Y(III)是抑制细菌活性的主要因子,线性拟合的相关性系数R2为0.957,半抑制浓度IC50(吸附)为1.079mg/L(以湿重计),对应水中Y(III)浓度为54.35mg/L.SEM显示,添加Y(III)会使细菌产生更多的胞外聚合物(EPS)将细菌包裹以抵抗Y(III)的毒性,EDS显示被包裹的细菌表面碳、氮元素含量大幅度降低,EPS影响了底物的传质.130d的长期实验表明,5mg/L的Y(III)会使反应器的反硝化性能逐渐消失,停止添加稀土后,反应器的亚硝酸盐积累功能也不能恢复. 相似文献
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Yttrium Normalisation: a New Tool for Detection of Chromium Contamination in Soil Samples 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
József Prokisch Béla Kovács Attila J. Palencsár Ildikó Szegvári Zoltán Győri 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2000,22(4):317-323
The measurement of chromium and yttrium concentration could give a chance to detect 5–10 times less chromium contamination in soil by using the yttrium normalisation method. The principle of the method is the following: elements such as chromium and yttrium exist naturally in the soil in a strongly bonded form. Therefore, in a noncontaminated area there should be a close correlation between the yttrium and chromium concentrations. If the measured Cr concentration in a sample is not on the Cr–Y trend line then the distance of plotted point from the line indicates the amount of anthropogenic chromium. Anthropogenic chromium can be detected only in the case when the contamination does not contain yttrium. This theory was tested in an agricultural–toxicological field experiment where Cr(VI) was added to the soil. Applying the yttrium normalisation method a much smaller anthropogenic effect was detected than by other evaluation methods. 相似文献
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为了研究稀土离子与氨基酸 (Pro)的相互作用 ,在pH≈ 3.5水溶液中合成了高氯酸八水·(脯氨酸 )合铱 (Ⅲ )铒 (Ⅲ ) ,获得了单晶 ,并经四圆衍射仪测定了结构 .配合物组成为C2 0 H52 Cl6ErN4 O4 0 Y ,属三斜晶系 ,P1空间群 .晶胞参数a =0 .986 0 (2 )°nm ,b =1.30 2 0 (5 )nm ,c=1.36 32 (5 )nm ,α =10 9.32 (3)° ,β=110 .19(2 )° ,γ =10 0 .96 (2 )°,V =1.45 6 (1)nm3,Z =1,Dc=1.6 6 3g/cm3,μ =2 .797mm-1,F(0 0 0 ) =72 9.配合物分子中 ,Y3 ‘、Er3 在相应位置上出现的几率各为 5 0 % ,相邻两个金属离子被两个以桥式双齿配位的Pro分子连接 ,每个金属离子除了与 4个羧基O配位外 ,还与 4个水分子的氧配位 ,配位数为 8,形成变形的四方反棱柱 .图 4表 3参 10 相似文献
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壳聚糖-钇多孔微球对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能与机理分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以壳聚糖和Y2(OH)5NO3为原料通过乳液交联法制备了壳聚糖-钇(Ch—Y)复合微球,通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱等方法对其表面形貌、结构进行了表征.探讨了溶液的pH值、反应时间、投加量、离子初始浓度对其吸附性能的影响.研究结果表明,壳聚糖-钇(Ch—Y)复合微球在pH值为3的酸性环境中对Cr(Ⅵ)保持了较高的吸附能力,吸附容量为52.39mg·g-1,其吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温模型;通过吸附机理的研究,发现壳聚糖-钇(Ch—Y)对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附是化学吸附静电吸附协同氧化Cr(Ⅵ)离子作用来实现的. 相似文献
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An InYO3 photocatalyst was prepared through a precipitation method and used for the degradation of molasses fermentation
wastewater. The InYO3 photocatalyst characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, surface
area and porosimetry. Energy band structures and density of states were achieved using the Cambridge Serial Total Energy package
(CASTEP). The results indicated that the photodegradation of molasses fermentation wastewater was significantly enhanced in
the presence of InYO3 when compared with PbWO4. The calcination temperature was found to have a significant effect on the
photocatalytic activity of InYO3. Specifically, InYO3 calcined at 700°C had a considerably larger surface area and lower reflectance
intensity and showed higher photocatalytic activity. The mathematical simulation results indicated that InYO3 is a direct band gap
semiconductor, and its conduction band is composed of In 5p and Y 4d orbitals, whereas its valence band is composed of O 2p and In
5s orbitals. 相似文献
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