Mineral, chemical and radiological investigation of a black sand at Touzla Cape, near Thessaloniki, Greece

A black-sand formation located at Touzla Cape, near Thessaloniki city, Greece, was investigated using optical microscopy, powder-XRD, SEM-EDS, INAA and in-situ -ray spectrometry. This black sand is mainly composed of ilmenite, magnetite, garnet, zircon and rutile. Also present, in minor or trace amounts, are quartz, sphene, pyroxenes, sillimanite, feldspars, biotite, haematite, tourmaline, chromite, niobian-rutile and pyrrhotite. Niobian-rutile and pyrrhotite were found as inclusions in ilmenite and magnetite respectively. The radioactivity measurements indicated contributions of the uranium and thorium radioactive series and of 40K and 137Cs, and the maximum value of the total absorbed dose rate in air was found to be 62, 172, 8 and 2 nGy h-1 respectively. The main radioactivity of the uranium and thorium series is attributed to the fractions of zircon (304 µg Th g-1 and 157 µg U g-1), of ilmenite (89 µg Th g-1) and to a lesser extent to the fraction of garnet (5 µg Th g-1). The zircon fraction also contained 5076 µg Hf g-1. Some minerals and elements (Ti, Zr, Hf, Th, U) contained in the black sand could be of potential economic value. The high proportions of monomineralic grains along with the variations observed in mineral phases, in colour, in sphericity, in roundness, in grain size, in composition and in mineral inclusions, imply that the minerals and grains were subjected to several cycles of weathering and sedimentation, as well as being derived from multiple source rocks and areas.     

新疆尼勒克南部地区花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄

对巴斯陶萨依、莫斯早特套花岗斑岩地质、地球化学特点,锆石的特征进行了详细的研究和单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定。获得巴斯陶萨依岩浆结晶锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为241.3±3.6 Ma,以及继承性锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为292.3±5.6 Ma。综合各方面因素认为这两个岩体侵位时代为早三叠世(印支早期)。     

广东南山花岗岩形成时代、地球化学特征与成因

广东南山花岗岩体位于陂头复式岩体西端,锆石的SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为158.1±1.8Ma,是燕山早期岩浆活动的产物.岩石化学特征显示岩体以高硅、富碱、贫Ca和Mg以及高TFeO/MgO、低CaO/Na2O为特征.其K2O/Na2O>1,A/NK=7.8～11.92,A/CNK=1.33～1.68,属过铝质碱性岩石.在稀土和微量元素组成上,岩石富含稀土元素(除明显的负Eu异常,δEu=0.09～0.16)以及Zr、Y、Th、U、Nb等高场强元素,贫Ba、Sr、Ti等,高10000x Ga/AI(比值大于2.6).在Zr、Nb、Ce、Y对10000×Ga/Al以及TFeO/MgO-SiO2等A型花岗岩多种判别图上,投影点主要落在A型花岗岩区,而与高分异的I、S型花岗岩明显不同.这些特征均指示,南山岩体具有铝质A型花岗岩的特点.通过Y-Nb-3Ga和Y-Nb-Ce构造环境判别图解将其进一步划分为A2型花岗岩,代表其形成于拉张的构造背景之下.本文在此研究基础上,认为南山花岗质岩浆可能形成于相对挤压的中侏罗世.而在晚侏罗世早期相对拉张的作用下,岩石圈减薄,软流圈地幔上涌,地壳的泥质岩和少量砂质岩受到幔源流体富集后发生部分熔融后上侵形成铝质A型花岗岩,且有较强的结晶分异作用.     

赣东北岩浆混合杂岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄

赣东北横峰县港边岩浆混合杂岩体组成极为复杂,具有明显的岩浆混合特点,偏酸性岩浆端员、基性岩浆端员、岩浆混合单位等在野外均能见及。该岩浆混合杂岩体中偏酸性端员肉红色角闪石石英正长岩中颗粒级锆石U Pb定年结果表明,其形成时代为445±4Ma,反映为加里东期产物;同时获得的残留锆石U Pb年龄值2958±62Ma,说明该岩浆混合杂岩体中存在中太古代残留锆石,该年龄值也是目前已知的江西省境内最老的残留锆石U Pb年龄值。     

甘肃白银金属硫化物矿床及其矿区主要地质事件的同位素地质年代学研究

本文针对甘肃白银金属硫化物矿床长期争论的成矿时代问题，运用成因矿物学的方法，在对各采样点内锆石的标型特征、变生状态进行详细分类研究的基础上，采用锆石U－Pb同位素定年手段，测得成矿时代为464～440Ma，属加里东成矿期。同时结合矿区外围地层和岩体的同位素年代学研究，讨论了白银地区岩浆活动及主要地质事件的演化过程。     

新疆阿尔泰成矿带可可塔勒花岗岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

新疆阿尔泰成矿带花岗岩发育,其中很多花岗岩与成矿作用有着密切的联系,特别是400Ma左右的岩浆活动是阿尔泰地区一次重要的岩浆成矿活动,阿尔泰许多金属矿床与这一时期的岩浆构造作用有关。本次研究的出露于可可塔勒铅锌矿区的黑云母花岗岩体,其锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄为(401.8±1.5)Ma,表明可可塔勒花岗岩是阿尔泰成矿带400Ma左右发生的一次重要岩浆构造作用的产物,该黑云母花岗岩体侵入于矿区下泥盆统康布铁堡组火山岩地层中,岩体与围岩接触带附近的围岩蚀变明显,该黑云母花岗岩的侵入以及其后期的岩浆热液活动可能对区内成矿物质的活化、迁移、富集、成矿具有一定的贡献。     

江南造山带东段鄣源枕状玄武岩的年代学与构造属性研究

江南造山带东段鄣源地区广泛发育呈构造岩块产出的镁铁质岩浆岩,包括空间上密切共生的蚀变枕状-块状玄武岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩等。玄武岩地球化学特征上总体富集轻稀土,亏损重稀土和高场强元素(Nb,P,Ti),类似于岛弧环境下岩浆活动的产物。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,枕状玄武岩形成于(832±19)Ma,与伏川蛇绿岩和庐山地区枕状玄武岩形成时代一致。结合区域资料,认为鄣源枕状玄武岩形成于弧后小洋盆环境,与其东侧的伏川蛇绿岩和西侧的庐山地区枕状熔岩同属新元古代中期弧后洋盆的产物。     

锆英石基An4+放射性核素固化体性能研究

为研究锆英石基An4+(四价锕系核素)放射性核素固化体的性能,利用Ce4+作为An4+的模拟替代物质,以ZrO2、SiO2和CeO2粉体为原料,采用高温固相法制备出包容20%(物质的量,下同)Ce4+的锆英石基固化体,利用60Co源γ射线辐照装置对其进行572.1kGy的γ射线辐照.利用粉末X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和电感耦合等离子体质谱仪对γ射线辐照前后固化体的物相、结构、微观形貌及模拟核素的浸出行为进行了研究.结果表明,固化体中虽包容有20%的Ce4+,但其主物相仍以锆英石物相为主,与标准样品相比晶胞参数发生10-4nm量级的变化,经γ射线辐照后样品晶胞参数仅发生了10-5~10-4nm量级的微弱变化,在pH6.5的HCI浸出液中Ce4+的平衡浓度低于0.30μg/L.     

Historical Weathering Based on Chemical Analyses of Two Spodosols in Southern Sweden

Chemical weathering losses were calculated for two conifer stands in relation to ongoing studies on liming effects and ash amendments on chemical status, soil solution chemistry and soil genesis. Weathering losses were based on elemental depletion trends in soil profiles since deglaciation and exposure to the weathering environment. Gradients in total geochemical composition were assumed to reflect alteration over time. Study sites were Horröd and Hasslöv in southern Sweden. Both Horröd and Hasslöv sites are located on sandy loamy Weichselian till at an altitude of 85 and 190 m a.s.l., respectively. Aliquots from volume determined samples from a number of soil levels were fused with lithium metaborate, dissolved in HNO₃, and analysed by ICP – AES. Results indicated highest cumulative weathering losses at Hasslöv. The weathering losses for the elements are in the following order:Si > Al > K > Na > Ca > MgTotal annual losses for Ca+Mg+K+Na, expressed in mmol_c m^-2 yr^-1, amounted to c. 28 and 58 at Horröd and Hasslöv, respectively. Variations between study sites could not be explained by differences in bulk density, geochemistry or mineralogy. The accumulated weathering losses since deglaciation were larger in the uppermost 15 cm than in deeper B horizons for most elements studied.     

进口锆英砂的放射性及其对人体的危害

通过对进口锆英砂实施放射性的监测与计算，论述了对于样品的放射性监测结果接近豁免限值标准的锆英砂会对人体产生较大危害，提出了对放射性货物监测管理的改进措施。