全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2870篇 |
免费 | 240篇 |
国内免费 | 374篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 691篇 |
废物处理 | 105篇 |
环保管理 | 407篇 |
综合类 | 978篇 |
基础理论 | 599篇 |
环境理论 | 9篇 |
污染及防治 | 404篇 |
评价与监测 | 36篇 |
社会与环境 | 164篇 |
灾害及防治 | 91篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 79篇 |
2022年 | 84篇 |
2021年 | 124篇 |
2020年 | 135篇 |
2019年 | 155篇 |
2018年 | 105篇 |
2017年 | 144篇 |
2016年 | 160篇 |
2015年 | 144篇 |
2014年 | 155篇 |
2013年 | 289篇 |
2012年 | 230篇 |
2011年 | 177篇 |
2010年 | 116篇 |
2009年 | 129篇 |
2008年 | 124篇 |
2007年 | 170篇 |
2006年 | 149篇 |
2005年 | 121篇 |
2004年 | 112篇 |
2003年 | 88篇 |
2002年 | 70篇 |
2001年 | 58篇 |
2000年 | 67篇 |
1999年 | 41篇 |
1998年 | 52篇 |
1997年 | 27篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 24篇 |
1994年 | 25篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有3484条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Crop damage is the most common impact of negative interactions between people and elephants and poses a significant threat to rural livelihoods and conservation efforts. Numerous approaches to mitigate and prevent crop damage have been implemented throughout Africa and Asia. Despite the documented high efficacy of many approaches, losses remain common, and in many areas, damage is intensifying. We examined the literature on effectiveness of crop-damage-mitigation strategies and identified key gaps in evaluations. We determined there is a need to better understand existing solutions within affected communities and to extend evaluations of effectiveness beyond measurement of efficacy to include rates of and barriers to adoption. We devised a conceptual framework for evaluating effectiveness that incorporates the need for increased emphasis on adoption and can be used to inform the design of future crop-damage mitigation assessments for elephants and conflict species more widely. The ability to prevent crop loss in practice is affected by both the efficacy of a given approach and rates of uptake among target users. We identified the primary factors that influence uptake as local attitudes, sustainability, and scalability and examined each of these factors in detail. We argue that even moderately efficacious interventions may make significant progress in preventing damage if widely employed and recommend that wherever possible scientists and practitioners engage with communities to build on and strengthen existing solutions and expertise. When new approaches are required, they should align with local attitudes and fit within limitations on labor, financial requirements, and technical capacity. 相似文献
2.
Rebecca Niemiec Megan S. Jones Stacy Lischka Veronica Champine 《Conservation biology》2021,35(4):1073-1085
Research suggests that encouraging motivated residents to reach out to others in their social network is an effective strategy for increasing the scale and speed of conservation action adoption. However, little is known about how to effectively encourage large numbers of residents to reach out to others about conservation causes. We examined the influence of normative and efficacy-based messaging at motivating residents to engage in and to encourage others to participate in native plant gardening in their community. To do so, we conducted a field experiment with messages on mailings and tracked native plant vouchers used. Efficacy messages tended to be more effective than normative messages at increasing residents’ willingness to reach out to others to encourage conservation action, as indicated by a several percentage point increase in native plant voucher use by residents’ friends and neighbors. Messages sometimes had different impacts on residents based on past behaviors and perceptions related to native plant gardening. Among these subgroups, efficacy and combined efficacy and norm messages most effectively encouraged individual and collective actions, as indicated by increased voucher usage. Our findings suggest that interventions that build residents’ efficacy for engaging in a conservation behavior and for reaching out to others may be a promising path forward for outreach. However, given our results were significant at a false discovery rate cutoff of 0.25 but not 0.05, more experimental trials are needed to determine the robustness of these trends. 相似文献
3.
Tibor Hartel Ben C. Scheele Abi Tamim Vanak Laurențiu Rozylowicz John D. C. Linnell Euan G. Ritchie 《Conservation biology》2019,33(6):1256-1265
Achieving coexistence between large carnivores and humans in human-dominated landscapes (HDLs) is a key challenge for societies globally. This challenge cannot be adequately met with the current sectoral approaches to HDL governance and an academic community largely dominated by disciplinary sectors. Academia (universities and other research institutions and organizations) should take a more active role in embracing societal challenges around conservation of large carnivores in HDLs by facilitating cross-sectoral cooperation to mainstream coexistence of humans and large carnivores. Drawing on lessons from populated regions of Europe, Asia, and South America with substantial densities of large carnivores, we suggest academia should better embrace the principles and methods of sustainability sciences and create institutional spaces for the implementation of transdisciplinary curricula and projects; reflect on research approaches (i.e., disciplinary, interdisciplinary, or transdisciplinary) they apply and how their outcomes could aid leveraging institutional transformations for mainstreaming; and engage with various institutions and stakeholder groups to create novel institutional structures that can respond to multiple challenges of HDL management and human–large carnivore coexistence. Success in mainstreaming this coexistence in HDL will rest on the ability to think and act cooperatively. Such a conservation achievement, if realized, stands to have far-reaching benefits for people and biodiversity. 相似文献
4.
探矿权资产化、证券化是我国改革探矿业投融资体制,解决探矿业资金瓶颈问题的关键。本文从制度建设、机构投资者的发展状况等方面分析了我国初步推行探矿权资产化、证券化的有利条件.指出了探矿权资产化、证券化的三种模式。并以基金模式和股权模式为例提出了实施探矿权资产化、证券化的步骤设想。 相似文献
5.
Abstract: Introduction of artificial light into wildlife habitat represents a rapidly expanding form of human encroachment, particularly in coastal systems. Light pollution alters the behavior of sea turtles during nesting; therefore, long-wavelength lights—low-pressure sodium vapor and bug lights—that minimize impacts on turtles are required for beach lighting in Florida (U.S.A.). We investigated the effects of these two kinds of lights on the foraging behavior of Santa Rosa beach mice ( Peromyscus polionotus leucocephalus ). We compared patch use and giving-up densities of mice for experimental food patches established along a gradient of artificial light in the field. Mice exploited fewer food patches near both types of artificial light than in areas with little light and harvested fewer seeds within patches near bug lights. Our results show that artificial light affects the behavior of terrestrial species in coastal areas and that light pollution deserves greater consideration in conservation planning. 相似文献
6.
Dario Paladini Maria Giovanna Russo Antonio Tartaglione Annamaria Loffredo Pasquale Martinelli 《黑龙江环境通报》2002,22(13):1185-1187
Toriello–Carey syndrome is a rare malformative complex, described for the first time in 1988, characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, facial anomalies, cardiac defects and hypotonia. Relatively few neonatal cases have been reported. We describe here the first prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of the syndrome based on the detection of agenesis of the corpus callosum and spongious cardiomyopathy in a 22-week-old fetus of a couple with positive family history. The first sib of the couple was diagnosed with Toriello–Carey syndrome at 1 year of age, and had, in addition to the typical facial anomalies not detectable by ultrasound, agenesis of the corpus callosum and the same heart lesion (spongious cardiomyopathy). This report demonstrates that prenatal diagnosis of Toriello–Carey syndrome is feasible in the second trimester of pregnancy. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
V. Nataf M. V. Senat M. Albert L. Bidat P. de Mazancourt J. Roume L. Allard D. Le Tessier Y. Ville J. Selva 《黑龙江环境通报》2002,22(8):675-680
Male phenotype associated with a 45,X karyotype is an infrequent finding. We present a case diagnosed prenatally on amniocentesis performed for maternal age. The male phenotype was associated with a translocation of a distal part of Yp including the pseudoautosomal SHOX gene and SRY gene on the short arm of a chromosome 21. By DNA analysis we could show that the X chromosome was of maternal origin and that the breakpoint was in interval 3 of the Y chromosome. Mechanisms and genetic counselling are discussed based on a review of published cases of 45,X and XX males. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
Community evacuation following a chlorine release, Mississippi 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
On 7th September 1986, four miles north of Collins, Mississippi, a train transporting chlorine derailed. Two cars ruptured and gas escaped. As a result, 100 families were evacuated. To study the evacuation process, we conducted person-to-person interviews with sixty-two families staying in the evacuation center. Only 52.5% of the families received their first directive to evacuate directly from police or other officials. Delays in evacuating tended to be shorter when people were warned by the police and were told the reason for evacuating. Lack of personal transportation and preexisting health problems resulted in delays in evacuation. Concerns about evacuation included fear of looting, lack of a place to go, lack of transportation, difficulty in moving with children and elderly persons, and the need to take care of pets. One third of the interviewees reported feeling panic. Community evacuation procedures would be improved if: (1) officials contact all households directly; (2) the warning message addresses people's concerns; and (3) transportation is provided. 相似文献