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松花江具有冰封期较长,江水中有机毒物难降解、迁移距离长等环境特点.为了控制污染、保护生态环境、维护生态安全、结合松花江特点,研究并制定了松花江氯苯类有机污染物水质标准.本标准已列为地方标准(GB23/T901-2005). 相似文献
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In this work,hydrothermal technique combined with KOH activation were employed to develop a series of porous carbons (NPCK-x) using tobacco stem as a low-cost carbon source and (NH4)2C2O4 as a novel nitrogen-doping agent.Physicochemical properties of NPCK-x were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller,field emission scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,Raman microscope,elemental analysis,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Results showed tha... 相似文献
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The photocatalytic oxidation of gaseous chlorobenzene(CB) by the 365 nm-induced photocatalyst La/N–Ti O2, synthesized via a sol–gel and hydrothermal method, was evaluated. Response surface methodology(RSM) was used to model and optimize the conditions for synthesis of the photocatalyst. The optimal photocatalyst was 1.2La/0.5N–Ti O2(0.5) and the effects of La/N on crystalline structure, particle morphology, surface element content, and other structural characteristics were investigated by XRD(X-ray diffraction), TEM(Transmission Electron Microscopy), FTIR(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), UV–vis(Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy), and BET(Brunauer Emmett Teller). Greater surface area and smaller particle size were produced with the co-doped Ti O2 nanotubes than with reference Ti O2. The removal of CB was effective when performed using the synthesized photocatalyst,though it was less efficient at higher initial CB concentrations. Various modified Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic models involving the adsorption of chlorobenzene and water on different active sites were evaluated. Fitting results suggested that competitive adsorption caused by water molecules could not be neglected, especially for environments with high relative humidity. The reaction intermediates found after GC–MS(Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) analysis indicated that most were soluble, low-toxicity, or both. The results demonstrated that the prepared photocatalyst had high activity for VOC(volatile organic compounds) conversion and may be used as a pretreatment prior to biopurification. 相似文献
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Minxiang Wang Lili Yang Xiaoyun Liu Zheng Wang Guorui Liu Minghui Zheng 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):60
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调研分析了国内水中氯苯类化合物的常用分析技术应用现状,对吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱联用法可量化的精密度与准确度质量控制指标开展研究。针对水中氯苯、1,2-二氯苯、1,4-二氯苯、三氯苯等4种氯苯类化合物的实际样品平行测定相对偏差、空白加标回收率及平行样相对偏差、实际样品加标回收率及平行样相对偏差等指标,通过实验室内方法优化和参数确定,以及国内多家实验室质控数据采集与统计分析,经文献数据比对,获得了不同置信区间下系统性和适用性良好的量化质控指标。 相似文献
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Liying Jiang Guofeng Nie Runye Zhu Jiade Wang Jianmeng Chen Yubo Mao Zhuowei Cheng Willam A. Anderson 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(5):266-273
Chlorobenzene removal was investigated in a non-thermal plasma reactor using CeO2/HZSM-5 catalysts. The performance of catalysts was evaluated in terms of removal and energy efficiency. The decomposition products of chlorobenzene were analyzed. The results show that CeO2/HZSM-5 exhibited a good catalytic activity, which resulted in enhancements of chlorobenzene removal, energy efficiency, and the formation of lower amounts of by-products. With regards to CO2 selectivity, the presence of catalysts favors the oxidation of by-products, leading to a higher CO2 selectivity. With respect to ozone, which is considered as an unavoidable by-product in air plasma reactors, a noticeable decrease in its concentration was observed in the presence of catalysts. Furthermore, the stability of the catalyst was investigated by analyzing the evolution of conversion in time. The experiment results indicated that CeO2/HZSM-5 catalysts have excellent stability: chlorobenzene conversion only decreased from 78% to 60% after 75 hr, which means that the CeO2/HZSM-5 suffered a slight deactivation. Some organic compounds and chlorinated intermediates were adsorbed or deposited on the catalysts surface as shown by the results of Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses of the catalyst before and after the reaction, revealing the cause of catalyst deactivation. 相似文献
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Three kinds of soils were modified with the cationic surfactants, hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) bromide and tetramethylammonium (TMA) bromide to increase their sorptive capabilities. Sorption of chlorobenzene in simulated groundwater by these soils was investigated. HDTMA-modified soil has a higher ability to sorb chlorobenzene from simulated groundwater than unmodified soil. TMA-modified soil did not show the superiority. HDTMA thus can be used to modify soil to improve its sorption capability. Cosorption of chlorobenzene in simulated groundwater in the absence or presence of nitrobenzene and dichloromethane on HDTMA-modified soil was also investigated. Nitrobenzene facilitated sorption of chlorobenzene on all HDTMA-modified soil. Dichloromethane did not influence the sorption of chlorobenzene by HDTMA-modified soil. The results suggest that HDTMA-modified soil is a highly effective sorbent for chlorobenzene and multiple organic compounds did not impede the uptake of chlorobenzene. 相似文献
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In order to characterize the effect of vegetation on performance of constructed wetlands (CWs) treating low and high chlorinated hydrocarbon, two pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) CWs (planted with Phragmites australis and unplanted) treating sulphate rich groundwater contaminated with MCB (monochlorobenzene, as a low chlorinated hydrocarbon), (about 10 mg L−1), and PCE (perchloroethylene, as a high chlorinated hydrocarbon), (about 2 mg L−1), were examined. With mean MCB inflow load of 299 mg m−2 d−1, the removal rate was 58 and 208 mg m−2 d−1 in the unplanted and planted wetland, respectively, after 4 m from the inlet. PCE was almost completely removed in both wetlands with mean inflow load of 49 mg m−2 d−1. However, toxic metabolites cis-1,2-DCE (dichloroethene) and VC (vinyl chloride) accumulated in the unplanted wetland; up to 70% and 25% of PCE was dechlorinated to cis-1,2-DCE and VC after 4 m from the inlet, respectively. Because of high sulphate concentration (around 850 mg L−1) in the groundwater, the plant derived organic carbon caused sulphide formation (up to 15 mg L−1) in the planted wetland, which impaired the MCB removal but not statistically significant. The results showed significant enhancement of vegetation on the removal of the low chlorinated hydrocarbon MCB, which is probably due to the fact that aerobic MCB degraders are benefited from the oxygen released by plant roots. Vegetation also stimulated completely dechlorination of PCE due to plant derived organic carbon, which is potentially to provide electron donor for dechlorination process. The plant derived organic carbon also stimulated dissimilatory sulphate reduction, which subsequently have negative effect on MCB removal. 相似文献
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磁性分散固相萃取-气相色谱法测定水中氯苯类化合物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用磁性分散固相萃取技术富集水中氯苯类化合物,用气相色谱法测定,并对萃取剂的用量、萃取时间、解吸溶剂、氯化钠加入量等条件进行优化。试验表明,方法在0.001 mg/L~2.50 mg/L 范围内,氯苯类化合物各组分线性良好,方法检出限在0.600μg/L~5.00μg/L范围内。地表水实际水样的加标回收率为83.1%~93.4%,RSD为4.8%~7.3%。 相似文献
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