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1.
CARMEL L. WITTE§ MICHAEL J. SREDL† REW S. KANE§‡ LAURA L. HUNGERFORD†† 《Conservation biology》2008,22(2):375-383
Abstract: We examined factors that may independently or synergistically contribute to amphibian population declines. We used epidemiologic case–control methodology to sample and analyze a large database developed and maintained by the Arizona Game and Fish Department that describes historical and currently known ranid frog localities in Arizona, U.S.A. Sites with historical documentation of target ranid species ( n = 324) were evaluated to identify locations where frogs had disappeared during the study period (case sites) and locations where frog populations persisted (control sites). Between 1986 and 2003, 117 (36%) of the 324 sites became case sites, of which 105 were used in the analyses. An equal number of control sites were sampled to control for the effects of time. Risk factors, or predictor variables, were defined from environmental data summarized during site surveys and geographic information system data layers. We evaluated risk factors with univariate and multifactorial logistic-regression analyses to derive odds ratios (OR). Odds for local population disappearance were significantly related to 4 factors in the multifactorial model. Disappearance of frog populations increased with increasing elevation (OR = 2.7 for every 500 m, p < 0.01). Sites where disappearances occurred were 4.3 times more likely to have other nearby sites that also experienced disappearances (OR = 4.3, p < 0.01), whereas the odds of disappearance were 6.7 times less (OR = 0.15, p < 0.01) when there was a source population nearby. Sites with disappearances were 2.6 times more likely to have introduced crayfish than were control sites (OR = 2.6, p = 0.04). The identification of factors associated with frog disappearances increases understanding of declines occurring in natural populations and aids in conservation efforts to reestablish and protect native ranids by identifying and prioritizing implicated threats. 相似文献
2.
N. L. Ivanova 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2002,33(2):125-129
Environmental conditions in cooling ponds of thermal power plants are favorable for marsh frogs. Their populations inhabiting Verkhne-Tagil and Reftinskoe reservoirs differ in some traits, such as size and age composition, growth rate after metamorphosis, spawning type, fecundity, and characteristics of larval development. Differentiation in body size manifests itself at the early stages of terrestrial life and progresses at later stages. As a consequence, larger individuals may reach maturity and participate in reproduction at an earlier age. 相似文献
3.
笔者从我国包装的现状分析入手,探讨建立绿色包装系统的可行性和必要性,提出建立绿色包装系统的具体措施和实施方案。 相似文献
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浮选剂黄药对蛙类胚胎的致畸毒性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
报道了黑斑蛙(Rana nigromaculata)受精卵短期暴露于黄药溶液后对胚胎发育所引起的影响.浓度高于0.1ppm的黄药溶液能显著引起蛙胚的畸形发育,使孵出的蝌蚪呈现单一的畸形症状——脊索蜿蜒弯曲,为黄药污染的水体之水质监测提供了一个生物学指标. 相似文献
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发展绿色经济是21世纪的必要抉择 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
发展绿色经济是各个国家处理环境与发展关系,实现可持续发展的抉择。本文着重介绍了绿色经济的内容,主要包括绿色产业、绿色贸易、等。在发展绿色经济方面,我国已有一定认识并取得了较大成就,但和发达国家相比还存在较大差距,必须下大力迎头赶上。 相似文献
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水环境的治理对于经济、社会的发展都具有重要意义。在此,以国家“十五”重大科技水专项分课题武汉水专项的实施为背景,在绿色GDP核算框架下对水环境治理效益进行了评价。 相似文献
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于秀峰 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2006,26(6):45-47,57
用Microsoft Excel编制的系统程序对食品产地环境空气、水和土壤质量,按农业部颁绿色食品(旱田、水田)、无公害食品标准实施模糊综合评价。程序依土壤的PH值自动按偏酸、中性、偏碱土壤的标准评价。以直观的柱形图、袭输出不同地块环境质量比较、各地块达标及各环境要素、各因子污染状况的结果。使食品产地环境质量的评价实现可视化。 相似文献