排序方式: 共有3条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1
1.
Predicting Opportunities for Greening and Patterns of Vegetation on Private Urban Lands 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Troy AR Grove JM O'Neil-Dunne JP Pickett ST Cadenasso ML 《Environmental management》2007,40(3):394-412
This paper examines predictors of vegetative cover on private lands in Baltimore, Maryland. Using high-resolution spatial
data, we generated two measures: “possible stewardship,” which is the proportion of private land that does not have built
structures on it and hence has the possibility of supporting vegetation, and “realized stewardship,” which is the proportion
of possible stewardship land upon which vegetation is growing. These measures were calculated at the parcel level and averaged
by US Census block group. Realized stewardship was further defined by proportion of tree canopy and grass. Expenditures on
yard supplies and services, available by block group, were used to help understand where vegetation condition appears to be
the result of current activity, past legacies, or abandonment. PRIZM™ market segmentation data were tested as categorical
predictors of possible and realized stewardship and yard expenditures. PRIZM™ segmentations are hierarchically clustered into
5, 15, and 62 categories, which correspond to population density, social stratification (income and education), and lifestyle
clusters, respectively. We found that PRIZM 15 best predicted variation in possible stewardship and PRIZM 62 best predicted
variation in realized stewardship. These results were further analyzed by regressing each dependent variable against a set
of continuous variables reflective of each of the three PRIZM groupings. Housing age, vacancy, and population density were
found to be critical determinants of both stewardship metrics. A number of lifestyle factors, such as average family size,
marriage rates, and percentage of single-family detached homes, were strongly related to realized stewardship. The percentage
of African Americans by block group was positively related to realized stewardship but negatively related to yard expenditures. 相似文献
2.
This article investigates how remotely sensed lawn characteristics, such as parcel lawn area and parcel lawn greenness, combined
with household characteristics, can be used to predict household lawn fertilization practices on private residential lands.
This study involves two watersheds, Glyndon and Baisman’s Run, in Baltimore County, Maryland, USA. Parcel lawn area and lawn
greenness were derived from high-resolution aerial imagery using an object-oriented classification approach. Four indicators
of household characteristics, including lot size, square footage of the house, housing value, and housing age were obtained
from a property database. Residential lawn care survey data combined with remotely sensed parcel lawn area and greenness data
were used to estimate two measures of household lawn fertilization practices, household annual fertilizer nitrogen application
amount (N_yr) and household annual fertilizer nitrogen application rate (N_ha_yr). Using multiple regression with multi-model inferential procedures, we found that a combination of parcel lawn area and
parcel lawn greenness best predicts N_yr, whereas a combination of parcel lawn greenness and lot size best predicts variation in N_ha_yr. Our analyses show that household fertilization practices can be effectively predicted by remotely sensed lawn indices and
household characteristics. This has significant implications for urban watershed managers and modelers. 相似文献
3.
Meng PJ Lee HJ Wang JT Chen CC Lin HJ Tew KS Hsieh WJ 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(1):67-75
Before 2001, the ecological protection area in the Kenting National Park (KTNP), southern Taiwan, was poorly described. In this study, a set of four-year data (2001-2004) of seawater qualities at 19 sampling sites around the Nanwan Bay in the KTNP was used to explore anthropogenic impacts to ecological environment, especially coral reefs. The parameters of water quality were analyzed immediately after collection. The results showed that higher values of nutrients and suspended solids were attributed to the higher run-off around Nanwan Bay. The fluxes of nutrients and suspended solids were consistently correlated to rainfall. Hence, equations were developed to calculate nutrient fluxes and suspended solids by using only rainfall data. Our results show that suspended solids and ammonia were the dominant factors leading to the drop in coral coverage. In summary, the water quality in the intertidal zone of Nanwan Bay has been degraded and required greater attention. 相似文献
1