节织纹螺饲喂富集河豚毒素及相关差异蛋白表达的研究

我国东南沿海经常有食用含有河豚毒素节织纹螺的中毒事件发生,含有河豚毒素的动物对河豚毒素有很高的耐受能力,并对环境中的河豚毒素具有趋食性.织纹螺可以富集食物中的河豚毒素,但织纹螺体内的与河豚毒素富集相关的蛋白质还不清楚.为此我们收集了无毒的织纹螺,通过河豚毒素富集实验和蛋白质组学分析,发现在有毒织纹螺中有4种蛋白质表达量显著增多,飞行质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)鉴定分析它们分别是actin、actin2、beta-actin、膜泡ATP合酶B亚基.分析表明这些蛋白可能与河豚毒素在织纹螺体内富集、传递有关.     

Monitoring the effectiveness of the European tributyltin regulation on the Basque coast (northern Spain) by assessing imposex in two gastropod species (Nassarius reticulatus and Nassarius nitidus)

Imposex and butyltin body burden were assessed in 2011 along the Basque coast (northern Spain) in two gastropod species (Nassarius reticulatus and Nassarius nitidus) four years after an initial survey in 2007. The aim of this re-survey was to monitor the effectiveness of the European ban on the use of tributyltin (TBT) based antifouling paints on ships’ hulls (EC 782/2003). Imposex levels in 2011 were lower than those determined in 2007 at most of the sampling sites. Accordingly, TBT concentrations in the female body burden of Nassarius reticulatus varied from 43 to 250 ng Sn/g in dry weight in 2011, which was a lower maximum than in 2007. Nevertheless, the results for the butyltin degradation index suggest that there have been recent inputs of TBT within the two main Basque harbours. Overall, the legislative measure is contributing to the reduction of TBT effects on the Basque coast although its presence is still evident.     

织纹螺体内的河豚毒素及其衍生物

对2002年福建省引起食物中毒的织纹螺毒素进行研究。高效液相色谱-质谱联用(liquid chromatography/mass,LC/MS)的分析结果显示,织纹螺毒素的主要成分是河豚毒素类毒素(tetrodotoxin,TTX),另外还含有4-epiTTX、anhydroTTX、deoxyTTX等成分。生物法对织纹螺毒素的毒力测定结果表明:所收集的26个织纹螺样品中15个检测出毒性,毒素的毒力在5.7～47.3MU·g-1之间。毒力最高的织纹螺样品2003年5月1日来自福安,主要由半褶织纹螺和另一未定种组成。     

应用黑褐新糠虾测试织纹螺毒性的初步研究

尝试以黑褐新糠虾作为实验生物,研究了投喂不同毒性的织纹螺对糠虾存活的影响,并探讨了这一方法在织纹螺毒性测试中的应用.实验结果表明:有毒织纹螺能够导致黑褐新糠虾中毒死亡,糠虾的半致死时间与织纹螺的毒性之间有显著的相关性(R2=0.9943),在96 h内织纹螺对糠虾的半致死毒性为40.11 MU/g.利用黑褐新糠虾作为实验生物可以测试织纹螺样品毒性的高低,方法的检出限约为10.44 MU/g,与日本法定的河豚鱼食用安全标准(10 MU/g)相当.