In vitro and in vivo study of neutrophil functions after acute methanol intoxication in albino rats

Toxicity from methanol (MeOH), a potentially significant problem due to occupational, accidental, or intentional, as well as daily ingestion of small amounts of the agent, only receives considerable attention after severe signs of intoxication have set in or death is imminent. While accidental and intentional exposures usually involve very high doses, the occupational and ingestion forms more often reflect small daily intakes. Still, even at the low levels, little is known about the potential immunotoxic implications (and less so in regard to mechanisms) from these ongoing exposures. This study has been attempted to focus the effects of acute methanol exposure on blood neutrophil functions in both in vitro and in vivo conditions at 30 and 60?min time intervals. Innate immunity of the host defense relies mostly on neutrophils. The blood MeOH levels were determined upon exposing the experimental animals to ¼ of LD₅₀ MeOH. No significant change in the blood methanol level was observed at 30 and 60?min of methanol exposure. The in vitro results showed a decrease in the neutrophil functions of adherence and phagocytic index without affecting the avidity index, followed by an increased nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction. The in vivo exposures of MeOH showed a decline in neutrophil adherence. However, the other neutrophil functions were found to be significantly increased, which indicates that in vivo results are different from that of the in vitro studies. The present study concludes that MeOH exposure can reconstitute the innate immune status by altering the neutrophil functions. Moreover, the in vivo effects are much pronounced compared to the in vitro effects, which may be due to the formation of the metabolites under in vivo conditions.     

汽车镀锌板泥浆附着研究初探

介绍了镀锌板在大气和土壤中的研究结果;简要讨论了镀锌板通常出现的腐蚀形式;分析了镀锌板在泥浆状态中的腐蚀状况.其腐蚀是大气与土壤腐蚀的一个衔接过程,影响因素很多,可控性差.针对汽车板泥浆附着的腐蚀问题,设计了一种简化的研究模型,尝试性地做了一些实验室的研究,提出了几种可行的研究方法.     

适度处理污水回用于循环水系统的工业化应用

通过对镇海炼化适度处理污水回用于循环水系统工艺的介绍，提出运行中存在的问题及建议，为目前国内各炼油厂炼油污水回用提供参考和借鉴。     

气液环境下白腐真菌Phanerochaete chrysosporium在载体表面的附着性能研究

以白腐真菌Phanerochaete chrysasponum为研究对象，考察了该菌种在液相和气相环境中在陶粒、颗粒炭、玻璃珠、竹子、聚丙稀多面空心球、沸石上的附着和生长情况．研究结果表明，在液相环境中，白腐真菌Phanerochaete chrysosporium对竹子、沸石、陶粒、聚丙稀多面空心球有较好的附着能力，但菌体的生长量和形态特征受载体的影响而产生明显差异．在有玻璃珠和颗粒炭存在的液相环境中，均出现一定数量的菌丝小球。但在载体表面无附着现象．将附有菌体的载体置于气相环境中，发现白腐真菌在载体表面能够形成气生菌丝层．同时．显微镜下观察发现，菌体在沸石、陶粒和多面空心球表面呈绒毛状，质地松散，在竹子表面的菌体有明显的交织结构．