A competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay for lead ion measurement using mAbs against the lead-DTPA complex

Immunoassays for quantitative measurement of environmental heavy metals offer several advantages over other traditional methods. To develop an immunoassay for lead, Balb/c mice were immunized with a lead-chelate-protein conjugate to allow maximum exposure of the metal to the immune system. Three stable hybridoma cell lines were obtained through spleen cells fusion with Sp2/0 cells. One cell line, 2A11D11, produced mAbs with preferential selectivity and sensitivity for Pb-DTPA than DTPA, exhibiting an affinity constant of 3.34 ± 0.24 × 10⁹ M⁻¹. Cross reactivity (CR) with other metals were below 1%, except for Fe(III) with a CR less than 5%. This quantitative indirect ELISA for the lead ion was used to detect environmental lead content in local water sources; importantly, the results from the immunoassay were in excellent agreement with those from ICP-MS. Development of immunoassays for metal ions may thus facilitate the detection and regulation of environmental pollution.     

白洋淀几种不同食性鱼类对六六六、DDT的富集

对白洋淀几种不同食性鱼体内六六六和ＤＤＴ残留量分析表明，草食性鱼体内农药残留量最少，六六六含量为５９．３μｇ／ｋｇ，ＤＤＴ含量为２９．６μｇ／ｋｇ；其次是杂食性鱼类，六六六含量为９０．４μｇ／ｋｇ，ＤＤＴ含量为１０８．５μｇ／ｋｇ；肉食性鱼体内农药残留量最高，六六六含量为１１０．７μｇ／ｋｇ，ＤＤＴ含量为１２４．４μｇ／ｋｇ。鱼体对ＤＤＴ的浓缩因子为３１１～１２４４，明显高于六六六的１７７～３６８。鱼体内ＢＨＣ４种异构体的残留顺序为δ＞α＞γ＞β，与其在水体中的比例α＞γ＞δ＞β略有不同。鱼体内ＤＤＴ主要以代谢物ｐ，ｐ＇－ＤＤＥ的形式存在，但个别样品中少量的ｐ，ｐ＇－ＤＤＤ及ｏ，ｐ＇－ＤＤＴ的检出，表明白洋淀水生生态系统最近受到ＤＤＴ的轻度污染。本项研果与１９７５～１９７７年检测结果进行比较；白洋淀鱼体内六六六残留量显著下降，下降率为１５．８％～７９．２％；ＤＤＴ残留量却明显增加（草食性鱼类除外），增加率约为４７．８％～９７．８％。     

锆英石及锆英釉料瓷砖的放射性水平及致公众剂量

报道在正常生产情况下,用环境监测仪测定锆英石及锆英釉料瓷砖的放射性水平。锆英石的总比放射性大于7.0×10~4Bq·kg~(-1),属放射性物质;锆英釉料瓷砖的γ、β放射性污染致公众的附加年剂量当量为0.34mSv,相当于公众剂量限值的1/3。     

基于红色旅游的国土空间规划层级传导与冲突协调研究

以跨行政区域线状分布且多与自然资源相伴而生的红色旅游资源为切入点,针对区域红色旅游与国土空间规划拟合错位、红色旅游与三条控制线相互交织等问题,围绕国土空间规划层级传导和冲突协调展开探讨：以纵横传导双向引擎的方式构建分层次有传导的红色旅游空间体系,从而打破红色旅游区域协调和用地管制的问题;科学合理地协调红色旅游与三条控制线的冲突,当红色旅游与生态保护红线和永久基本农田红线冲突时应强调在保护中发展,在城镇开发边界内的红色文化资源应强调在发展中保护。本文旨在为红色旅游在国土空间规划体系下探索一条高质量发展路径,同时提高国土空间规划编制和三条控制线划定的科学性和可操作性。     

Sensitivity analysis of a parameterization of the stomatal component of the DO3SE model for Quercus ilex to estimate ozone fluxes

A sensitivity analysis of a proposed parameterization of the stomatal conductance (g(s)) module of the European ozone deposition model (DO(3)SE) for Quercus ilex was performed. The performance of the model was tested against measured g(s) in the field at three sites in Spain. The best fit of the model was found for those sites, or during those periods, facing no or mild stress conditions, but a worse performance was found under severe drought or temperature stress, mostly occurring at continental sites. The best performance was obtained when both f(phen) and f(SWP) were included. A local parameterization accounting for the lower temperatures recorded in winter and the higher water shortage at the continental sites resulted in a better performance of the model. The overall results indicate that two different parameterizations of the model are needed, one for marine-influenced sites and another one for continental sites.     

White clover clones as a cost-effective indicator of phytotoxic ozone: 10 years of experience from central Italy

Data collected at one site in central Italy using the NC-S/NC-R clover (Trifolium repens) biotype system during 1997-2007 were analysed in order to assess: (a) its performance under Mediterranean conditions; (b) variations of ozone damage linked with meteorological conditions; (c) if critical level approach is a good predictor of ozone risk on vegetation. NC-S dry biomasses were systematically lower than those of NC-R, the mean ratio being 0.7. Relevant relationship between ozone visible injury and cumulated values of AOT40 were also reported. Temperature and number of rainy days were the most important factors associated with ozone presence and, as a consequence, with leaf injury index. Photosynthetic gas exchange properties indicate that NC-S has higher values of stomatal conductance.     

软骨藻酸胶体金免疫层析检测试纸条的研制

制备软骨藻酸（DA）胶体金免疫层析快速检测试纸条,建立一种快速检测贝类食品中软骨藻酸含量的检测方法.采用柠檬酸三钠还原氯金酸法制备颗粒直径20 nm的胶体金;电镜鉴定后,确定胶体金标记软骨藻酸单克隆抗体的最佳条件并制备金标抗体;金标抗体喷涂在玻璃纤维垫上制成胶体金结合垫;软骨藻酸与牛血清蛋白（BSA）的偶联物构成的包被...     

不同营养水平下悬浮细菌数量对生物粘泥性质的影响

循环水系统中的微生物有悬浮态和附着态,悬浮细菌的存在对附着态生物粘泥的生长及特性有明显影响。通过向模拟循环冷却水系统中投加不同数量初始悬浮细菌,考察在营养水平不同的情况下,悬浮细菌数量对生物粘泥化学组成和脱氢酶活性的影响。结果表明,营养水平不同,初始悬浮细菌数量对生物粘泥的化学组成和脱氢酶活性的影响程度不同;在不同营养水平下,应分别控制初始悬浮细菌数量。贫营养下,初始悬浮细菌数量应控制在6×105个/mL左右;中营养下,初始悬浮细菌数量应控制在1×105～2.6×105个/mL之间;富营养下,初始悬浮细菌数量应控制在0.11×105～2.6×105个/mL之间最不利于生物粘泥的生长。     

临汾市蔬菜中滴滴涕和六六六的残留与风险评价

通过采集临汾市居民普遍食用的10种蔬菜,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)进行检测.研究结果表明,滴滴涕和六六六在10种蔬菜中均有检出,∑DDTs的残留量为1.67~6.68 ng·g~(-1),∑HCHs的残留量为0.43~4.75 ng·g~(-1),其中含量最高的是西葫芦(∑_(10)OCP为(8.73±0.75)ng·g~(-1)).采用农粮组织和世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)规定的可接受的每日摄取量(ADI)来进行暴露量分析,平均而言,各年龄段人群对γ-HCH和DDTs的日均口摄暴露量(EDI)值远低于FAO/WHO所规定的ADI值.由于食物残留浓度、个体体重及膳食结构变异较大,导致个体暴露水平差别较大,儿童的EDI值要高于同性别的其他年龄段人群,同一年龄段女性的EDI值普遍高于男性.通过美国环境保护局(USEPA)提出的潜在风险评价,对致癌和非致癌的健康危害分别进行评价,在目前的消费量下临汾居民食用蔬菜引起的非致癌风险较低,食用蔬菜而摄入的HCHs对人体具有潜在的致癌风险,其中儿童作为易感人群的致癌风险更高.     

基于电荷监测技术预测矿山动力灾害试验研究

为提高矿山动力灾害预测准确率,应用自主研制的电荷传感器,将标准煤样置于三轴压力室内进行应力-电荷试验。分析围压对煤样压缩破坏过程中电荷信号的影响。结合现场测试,揭示工作面开挖过程中煤体应力与煤壁表面感应电荷的时间和空间变化规律。试验结果表明,煤体压缩过程中电荷信号的变化与煤体所处的应力水平关系密切,处于应力集中区域和应力松弛区域的煤体有明显脉冲状电荷信号,原始应力区电荷信号平稳,电荷信号的变化超前于煤体应力的变化,围压对电荷信号有延缓、强化的作用。