Understanding implications of consumer behavior for wildlife farming and sustainable wildlife trade

Unsustainable wildlife trade affects biodiversity and the livelihoods of communities dependent upon those resources. Wildlife farming has been proposed to promote sustainable trade, but characterizing markets and understanding consumer behavior remain neglected but essential steps in the design and evaluation of such operations. We used sea turtle trade in the Cayman Islands, where turtles have been farm raised for human consumption for almost 50 years, as a case study to explore consumer preferences toward wild‐sourced (illegal) and farmed (legal) products and potential conservation implications. Combining methods innovatively (including indirect questioning and choice experiments), we conducted a nationwide trade assessment through in‐person interviews from September to December 2014. Households were randomly selected using disproportionate stratified sampling, and responses were weighted based on district population size. We approached 597 individuals, of which 37 (6.2%) refused to participate. Although 30% of households had consumed turtle in the previous 12 months, the purchase and consumption of wild products was rare (e.g., 64–742 resident households consumed wild turtle meat [i.e., 0.3–3.5% of households] but represented a large threat to wild turtles in the area due to their reduced populations). Differences among groups of consumers were marked, as identified through choice experiments, and price and source of product played important roles in their decisions. Despite the long‐term practice of farming turtles, 13.5% of consumers showed a strong preference for wild products, which demonstrates the limitations of wildlife farming as a single tool for sustainable wildlife trade. By using a combination of indirect questioning, choice experiments, and sales data to investigate demand for wildlife products, we obtained insights about consumer behavior that can be used to develop conservation‐demand‐focused initiatives. Lack of data from long‐term social–ecological assessments hinders the evaluation of and learning from wildlife farming. This information is key to understanding under which conditions different interventions (e.g., bans, wildlife farming, social marketing) are likely to succeed.     

Toxicological Assessment of Wastewater and Runoff from the Baikal Pulp and Paper Mill

Russian Journal of Ecology -     

Integrating disciplinary research into an interdisciplinary framework: A case study in sustainability research

The complexity of today’s research problems increasingly demands that scientists move beyond the confines of their own discipline. In this special issue, the basics of a transdisciplinary framework are established and problems analyzed in a specific discipline are successfully integrated in this transdisciplinary network. The intent has been to go beyond only statements about the importance of enabling early stage researchers to work across disciplinary boundaries, and to show that important discoveries are being made at the intersection of disciplines. Embedding various research projects in a more global framework can meet the demands of an interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary approach (especially for early stage researchers) and contribute significantly to sustainable research.     

吐鲁番旅游城市环境质量问题及其环境保护对策

通过对新疆著名旅游城市吐鲁番的空气环境、水环境、声环境、景观生态环境等环境质量存在的问题进行分析，针对性地提出了相应的环保对策及建议，为吐鲁番市的环境保护工作提供参考。     

反静电场处理厌氧污泥的影响因素分析

在电场和电解副效应的共同作用下，选定0．5mA、1．0mA、1．5mA和1．95mA四种电流强度作为不同的运行条件，处理时间24h，分别测定反应开始和结束时厌氧污泥上清液COD、NH4^＋-N和VSS，其变化率随电流强度呈抛物线型变化。用反静电处理厌氧污泥时，电场对污泥参数的影响存在着最佳的工作电流强度，在本试验条件下，反静电处理厌氧污泥的最佳工作电流强度为1．5mA。反静电场可提高微生物的活性，使COD与NH4^＋-N得到一定程度的降解，同时，污泥的性质影响反静电场处理污泥的效果。     

平流式二次沉淀池中异重流现象研究

通过对影响异重流形成因素的研究,发现在异重流的形成过程中进水污泥浓度对密度的影响远大于温度对密度的影响,二沉池的进水通常形成下层异重流.利用水力模型进行示踪试验,结果表明在平流式二沉池中存在明显的回流区.异重流对二沉池处理效果的影响有利有弊.     

汞的环境地球化学研究进展

介绍了目前对环境样品中总汞及其各形态未的分析方法以及大气和水生生态系统中汞的研究进展，并指出，燃煤、汞齐法采金和人造水库等引起的环境汞污染问题以及汞在热带地区水生生态系统中的迁移转化规律等是目前的研究热点。     

清洁生产在中国

介绍了我国近年开展清洁生产的现状,指出了我国推进清洁生产存在的问题,提出了相应的对策.     

开远市生态——经济规划研究

开远市生态—经济规划研究总体设计分为三个研究层次，第一层次是总体发展战略研究，采用系统动力学方法进行总体模拟分析，具体研究发展战略、现行政策和未来发展的总体规划方案的趋势分析和比较，并用综合评价法模型优选总体规划方案。第二层次是环境与经济发展研究，采用投入———产出法研究经济发展的投入产出和排污水平、环境与经济调发展的宏观对策，制定实施污染物总量控制的环境综合治理规划。第三层次是研究优势资源的开发利用和生态环境的保护关系，谋求开远市经济与环境协调、稳定和持续发展、实现经济、社会和环境效益的统一。     

食品垃圾的综合利用研究

食品垃圾在生活垃圾中所占的比例较大，它的处理是解决城市生活垃问题的重要环节，分析了国内外食品垃圾处理的现状及目前垃圾处理存在的问题，提出了食品垃圾综合利用的途径。