Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fishes from Taihu Lake, China

The Cr,Zn,Cu,Cd,Pb contents were determined in Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus,Carassius auratus Linnaeus,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis,which were caught from Meiliang Bay,Taihu Lake,a large,shallow and eutrophic lake of China.The results showed that:(1)the Cr,Cu,Pb,Cd contents in the edible parts of the four fish species were much lower than Chinese Food Health Criterion(1994),but the Zn contents were higher than the Criterion;(2)Cd contents were the highest in the liver of fish,Pb contents were almost the same in all organs of fish,Cr contents mainly enriched in the skin and gonads,Zn contents were the highest in the gonad(♀),and Cu contents were the highest in the liver;(3)the total metal accumulation was the greatest in the liver and the lowest in the muscle.The total metal accumulation was the highest in C.auratus L.This investigation indicated that fish products in Taihu Lake were still safe for human consumption,but the amount consumed should be controlled under the Chinese Food Health Criterion to avoid excessive intake of Zn.     

三唑磷作用下翡翠贻贝抑制性消减杂交文库构建与分析

采用抑制性差减杂交技术,构建了三唑磷农药急性胁迫下翡翠贻贝雌贝性腺正反向消减杂交cDNA文库.正反向文库共有117个表达序列标签（expressed sequence tags,ESTs）与NCBI数据库中已知功能蛋白具较高同源性,假定蛋白12种,另有195个ESTs未检索到同源序列.正向文库中含有细胞周期蛋白、性激素合成蛋白、DNA修复蛋白、能量代谢相关蛋白等一系列与生殖、应激适应和代谢相关的转录本信息,而反向文库中的差异ESTs主要涉及DNA复制、转录和翻译调控基因以及骨架蛋白.结果表明三唑磷对翡翠贻贝的毒性涉及到生殖调控、能量代谢、应激适应、转录翻译调控等生理代谢的多个方面,正向文库中发现的几种生殖调控基因（细胞周期蛋白、周期蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶、合子DNA复制许可因子、精子特异性蛋白、雌激素硫酸转移酶和卵黄膜卵透明带域蛋白）可能是三唑磷生殖干扰毒性作用过程中的关键基因,这为有机磷农药的生殖毒性探索提供了基础数据.     

Effect of chronic exposure to drilling fluid XP-07 on gonad histology in Tilapia guineensis

Changes in Tilapia guineensis gonads exposed for 12 weeks to XP-07 at a concentration of 2.5, 1.25, 0.63, or 0.32% were investigated using a static renewal method. The histological changes noted in the gonads of the exposed fish were inhibition of maturation in oocytes or spermatogenesis. In contrast, the four stages of sperm or ova development were present in the control fish and spawning occurred. The increasing degeneration (artesia) of maturing egg resulted in complete absence of matured eggs in the female gonads of fish exposed to highest concentration (2.5%) of drilling fluid. The gonadal somatic index (GSI) values were recorded in a decreasing order towards the higher tested concentrations. The GSI values ranged from 3.11 to 1.47% in females and from 0.42 to 0.16% in males, whereas in control, it was 3.18% for females and 0.52% for males. Data showed that XP-07 exerted adverse effects on reproductive processes, which led to impairment in the reproductive success of T. guineensis.